M3U2Englishanditshistory公开课.pptx

Chinese characters are always changing!Chinese characters are always changing!Please go through the Reading strategy and finish Task 1.探究一探究一1.Notice _2.Make_,listing _such as times,places and events,etc.Reading a history articleReading a normal textthe dates and years a time chartimportant informationSkimming1)What is the article about?2)What are the three kinds of English discussed in the article?3)In what way is English still changing?English and its history.Old English,Middle English and Modern English.English is still changing in many ways,such as in vocabulary and pronunciation.Why does English have Why does English have Why does English have Why does English have so many difficult rules?so many difficult rules?so many difficult rules?so many difficult rules?TimeEventsBefore the middle of the 5th centuryThenthe_and the_occupied Britain.At the end of the 9th centuryBy the 10th centuryPeople in Britain all spokea language called _.Old English was the _of England.The Vikings brought with them their language mixed with _.celticAnglesSaxonsOld EnglishOfficial languageTimeEventsIn 1066By the latter halfof the 14th centuryIn 1399During the Renaissance in the 16th centuryHenry became King ofEngland and used Englishfor _._English appearedAfter the Norman Conquest,high-class people_;common people_.English had_ _ in England.FrenchEnglishall official eventsModerninto widespread usecomeWhat are the factors that What are the factors that contributed to the development of contributed to the development of middle English?middle English?Henry IVHenry IVNorman Norman conquestconquestMore similar words：reply/answerwords for animals&food official eventsplurals：houses、shoesWhat are the words for these animals and their meat?Why are the words for their names and their meat different?pork/baconbeefmuttoncowsheeppigHow is the vocabulary changed?Which language are they from?I asked John where he was going but he didnt reply.I had to answer a lot of questions.He raised cows,sheep and pigs on his farm.-What would you like to order,sir?-Well,Id like to have some beef,mutton and pork.FrenchOld EnglishOld EnglishFrenchox-oxen childchildrenman-men shoe-shoesfoot feet tooth-teethshoe-shoen house-housenhousehouses Tick(标记）标记）the French way of making plurals.When did Modern English appear?When did Modern English appear?When did Modern English appear?When did Modern English appear?What new factors are included in What new factors are included in What new factors are included in What new factors are included in Modern English?Modern English?Modern English?Modern English?During the Renaissance During the Renaissance During the Renaissance During the Renaissance in the 16in the 16in the 16in the 16thththth century.century.century.century.Latin and Greek words,Latin and Greek words,Latin and Greek words,Latin and Greek words,pronunciations and new pronunciations and new pronunciations and new pronunciations and new words and new ways being words and new ways being words and new ways being words and new ways being invented.invented.invented.invented.Listen to the tape and read after it in a low voice.Pay attention to the time in the text.图片 听歌Try to retell the passage in various forms.(retell,give a speech,make a dialogue,interview-)当堂反馈小结：回想本节课所学的内容，你学到了那些，还有那些疑问?languageslanguagesbefore mid-5before mid-5thth thenthenend 9end 9thth2G2Germanic groupsermanic groups(A,S)(A,S)CelticCelticVikingsVikingsDenmarkDenmarkNorwayNorway1010ththlanguageslanguagesofficial official languagelanguageOld Old EnglishEnglishb before the middle of the 5efore the middle of the 5thth Century CenturyCelticCelticT Then 2 tribes occupiedhen 2 tribes occupieda at the end of the 9t the end of the 9thth Century Century the Vikings invadedthe Vikings invadedold Englishold Englishb by the 10th centuryy the 10th centuryofficial languageofficial languageFrenchFrench12-1512-15thth Century Centuryofficial occasionsofficial occasionsduring the Renaissance during the Renaissance in the 16in the 16thth Century Centurymodern Englishmodern EnglishHomeworkHomework1.finish the Ex on P24-P252.finish the reading part of 考一本3.Surf the Internet to find some information about the history of Chinese language.1.All through/throughout history 在整个历史进程中在整个历史进程中2.The English language=English3.be made up of 由由组成组成4.That is why 这就是为什么这就是为什么1、L2 The English language is made up of the grammar and vocabulary these people brought to Britain.英语是由进入不列颠的人群所说语言的规则和词汇构英语是由进入不列颠的人群所说语言的规则和词汇构成的。成的。be made up of 由。组成，由。构成。由。组成，由。构成。其主动形式为其主动形式为make up组成；构成组成；构成【归纳归纳】【拓展拓展】make up 化妆；弥补；准备，布置；编造；编，编化妆；弥补；准备，布置；编造；编，编写写make up for 为。而弥补，补偿为。而弥补，补偿Our class is made up of fifty-six students.Some girls in our class like making up so much that they are often late for classes.When our teachers ask,they usually make up an excuse for it.我们班由我们班由56名学生组成，一些女生很喜欢化妆以至名学生组成，一些女生很喜欢化妆以至于经常迟到。当老师问时，她们经常编造借口来应对。于经常迟到。当老师问时，她们经常编造借口来应对。【助记助记】【Exercises】1)The rescue team (由由.组成组成)16 persons.2)Twenty boys and thirty girls (组成组成)our class.3)指出下列句中指出下列句中make up的含义。的含义。They made him up as an old man for the last act of the play.()Im trying to make up the time I lost while I was sick,()I can make up a bed for you on the couch.()They made the whole thing up.There couldnt be such a thing.()He is good at making up stories.()is made up ofmake up化妆化妆弥补弥补准备，布置准备，布置编造编造编，编写编，编写【解析解析】选选A。考查。考查make短语的用法。句意：短语的用法。句意：宾馆优质的服务在一定程度上弥补了质量差的饭宾馆优质的服务在一定程度上弥补了质量差的饭菜。菜。make up for弥补；弥补；save up for为为.积存；积存；take the place of 取代，代替；取代，代替；turn out结果是，结果是，证明是。证明是。根据句意可知根据句意可知make up for符合句意，符合句意，故选故选A。4)The good service at the hotel the poor food to some degree.A.made up for B.saved up forC.took the place of D.turned out1.occupy1.occupy2.Consist of 2.Consist of 3.A mixture of3.A mixture of4.Be named after4.Be named after5.Aside from5.Aside from6 This is because 6 This is because Occupy V.占有，占领（土地，房屋）；占据（时间，空间）They family have occupied the farm for many years.The army occupied the enemys capital.The speech occupied three hours,which made all of us bored.Her time is fully occupied with her three children.居住占领占据时间占据时间搭配搭配occupy sb/oneself in doing sthoccupy sb/oneself with sthe.g:This is a game that will occupy the kids for hours.这是一个能让小孩一玩就是几个小时的游戏。She occupied herself with routine office tasks.她忙于办公室的日常工作。Problems at work continued to occupy his mind for some time.Old English consisted of a mixture of their languages.consist of/be made up of 由由构成构成;包含包含这个研究小组由两名中国科学家和三名美国专家这个研究小组由两名中国科学家和三名美国专家组成。组成。The research team consists of two Chinese scientists and three American experts.联合王国包括大不列颠与北爱尔兰。联合王国包括大不列颠与北爱尔兰。The United Kingdom consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.4.L10 Both the English language and the English people are named after the Angles.英语语言和英国人都是以盎格鲁命名的英语语言和英国人都是以盎格鲁命名的.name after 以以.命名命名【拓展拓展】in the name of.以以.的名义；代表（也作的名义；代表（也作in ones name）1）This island was its discoverer.(该岛以其发现者的名字命名的。该岛以其发现者的名字命名的。)2）He attended the oarty his father.(他以他父亲的名义参加聚会。他以他父亲的名义参加聚会。)named afterin the name ofAside from place names such as London,very few Celtic words became part of Old English.Aside from.:=apart from1)In addition to;as well as 除了外(还);此外;加之2)Except for/except 除了。外（都）；要不是5.L20 For example,the word sick came from a word once used by the Angles and the Saxons,while ill came from a word once used by the Norwegians.while 并列连词；并列连词；表示转折、对比关系：然而；表示转折、对比关系：然而；而而Mike is strong while his brother is weak.There is plenty of rain in the southeast while there is little in the northwest.1.Play a part in2.Defeat/beat sb.3.take control of4.rule5.replace6.Work as7.raise8.Latter9.Come into widespread use contribution n.贡献；投稿；捐款；捐赠物贡献；投稿；捐款；捐赠物 contribute vt&vi 贡献（时间，精力）；捐助；投稿贡献（时间，精力）；捐助；投稿 contributor n.捐款者；投稿人捐款者；投稿人 make a contribution/contributions to.对对.做出贡献做出贡献 contribute to.有助于；促使；向有助于；促使；向.投稿投稿 contribute.to.向向.捐献捐献/贡献贡献.6.L26 The most important contribution was from the Nomans,【助记助记】Many people contributed money to the Hope Project,which contributed to many childrens coming back to school.A teacher was so deeply moved by the kind people that she wrote an article and contributed to a newspaper.很多人都给希望工程很多人都给希望工程捐款捐款，这，这使得使得许多儿童能够重返校园。许多儿童能够重返校园。一位老师感动于好心人捐助，写了一篇文章向报社一位老师感动于好心人捐助，写了一篇文章向报社投稿投稿。【Exercises】1）People all over the country money the homeless people in Yushu,Qinghai.(全国各地的人们向青海全国各地的人们向青海玉树无家可归的人们捐款。玉树无家可归的人们捐款。)2）They have outstanding the world peace.(他们为世界和平做出了杰出贡献。他们为世界和平做出了杰出贡献。)3）Sitting for a long time and lacking exercise may()many health problems.A.attend to B.devote to C.dedicate to D.contribute to【解析】选【解析】选D。本题考查了固定短语的用法。句意：长期久坐。本题考查了固定短语的用法。句意：长期久坐并缺乏锻炼，可能会导致很多健康问题。并缺乏锻炼，可能会导致很多健康问题。attend to 处理；照处理；照看；看；devote to献身于；献身于；dedicate to把把.献给；献给；contribute to 促使；造成，促使；造成，符合句意，故选符合句意，故选D。contributedtomadecontributions to8.L35 many English people worked as servants who raised animals.很多英国人称为诺曼人的仆人，他们为诺曼人很多英国人称为诺曼人的仆人，他们为诺曼人饲养牲畜。饲养牲畜。raise 具有多层含义：饲养；提出（问题）；抬起；举具有多层含义：饲养；提出（问题）；抬起；举起；筹集（捐款）；引起；激起起；筹集（捐款）；引起；激起【辨析辨析】raise是及物动词是及物动词，后面要带宾语，还可以表示，后面要带宾语，还可以表示抽象意义，如提高觉悟、生活水平、地位抽象意义，如提高觉悟、生活水平、地位等。等。rise为为不及物动词不及物动词，说明主语自身移上较高位，说明主语自身移上较高位置，通常指日、月、星辰的升起。置，通常指日、月、星辰的升起。raise vt./n1.The baby was raised on milk.这孩子是用牛奶喂养大的。这孩子是用牛奶喂养大的。2.The landlord raised my rent to$200.房东把租金提高到房东把租金提高到$200。3.They are going to raise money for the school buildings.他们将为盖校舍筹集资金。他们将为盖校舍筹集资金。4.He raised his glass and said:Your health,Carl.他举起了杯子说道他举起了杯子说道:祝你健康祝你健康,卡尔。卡尔。【Exercises】指出下列各句中指出下列各句中raise的含义。的含义。1）His funny remarks raised a laugh.()2）According to the latest statistics,the money raised for the disaster area has come up to 2 billion yuan.()3）He could hardly raise the injured arm at all.()B.用用rise或或raise填空填空4）It rained heavily for several days,and the water in the river a lot.5）When you have any questions,you can your hand and ask for help.激起，引起激起，引起筹集筹集抬起，举起抬起，举起roseraise用用raise或或rise的适当形式填空。的适当形式填空。1.The chairman _ from his chair and came forward to greet her.2.As the sun _ in the sky the temperature climbed.3.He _ the question at the meeting.raisedroserose3.(line31)rule(over sb/sth):govern/control 统治；控制Rule(sb/sth)out:把排除在外;认为.不适合excludeE.g.:Police have not ruled out the possibility that the man was murdered.The proposed solution was ruled out as too expensive.1)代替（代替（take the place of)Electric lights have replaced candles.电灯已经取代了蜡烛。电灯已经取代了蜡烛。2)放回原处放回原处报纸读完后请放回原处。报纸读完后请放回原处。When you have finished reading the newspaper,please replace it.9.L47 However,by the latter half of the 14th century,English had come into widespread use among all classes in England.然而，到了然而，到了14 世纪后半叶时，英语已经开始在英国各阶层中广世纪后半叶时，英语已经开始在英国各阶层中广泛使用。泛使用。come into use 开始使用开始使用【拓展拓展】常用的常用的use短语有：短语有：be in use 在使用在使用make use of 使用；利用使用；利用out of use 停止使用停止使用be of great/no use 很有用处很有用处/无用无用【归纳归纳】by表示表示“到到时为止时为止”时时by+现在时间现在时间 现在完成时（现在完成时（have/has done)by+过去时间过去时间 过去完成时（过去完成时（had done)by+将来时间将来时间 将来完成时（将来完成时（will have done)come into(widespread)use 开始被开始被(广泛广泛)使使用用This method has come into wide use in this e into view 映入眼帘映入眼帘The Monument to the Peoples Heroes came into e into power 开始执政；当权开始执政；当权 come into effect 开始生效开始生效2)把把.放回放回(原处原处)e.g.She replaced the receiver.她将听筒放了回去。她将听筒放了回去。3)归还归还;偿还偿还e.g.I will replace the cup I broke.我愿用一个新杯子赔还我打碎的一只。我愿用一个新杯子赔还我打碎的一只。8.This resulted in even more words with similar meanings (lines 32-34)result in 结果结果;导致导致 (lead to)e.g.Carelessness resulted in lots of accidents.粗心造成大量交通事故。粗心造成大量交通事故。result from 由于，因为由于，因为(because of,due to)e.g.His failure resulted largely from his laziness.他的失败主要是懒惰所致。他的失败主要是懒惰所致。result 还可作名词，常用词组：还可作名词，常用词组：as a result(of)e.g.It rains today;as a result,we have to put off our picnic.=As a result of rain,we have to put off our picnic.His success _ working hard.Too much cigarettes _ his deaths.He had to take a taxi to work _ the bad weather.A.result in B.as a result of C.results from D.as a resultACB1.Go through2.Its certain that.10.L55 The question of whether English will continue changing in the future is easy to answer.“主语主语+系动词系动词+表语表语+to do”的结构中，动词不的结构中，动词不定式通常以主动形式表示被动含义。定式通常以主动形式表示被动含义。The problem is difficult to answer.The room is comfortable to live in.Its certain that 肯定肯定,一定一定（此处不可用（此处不可用sure）是）是常见句型，此句型中，常见句型，此句型中，it是形式主语，是形式主语，that引导的从句引导的从句是真正的主语是真正的主语Its certain that he will come tomorrow.be certain to do sth.一定会做一定会做-He is certain to live to 100.be certain of/about 对对-有把握，确信有把握，确信They are certain of success.=They are certain that they will succeed.11.L56 It is certain that this process will continue,区别：区别：sure、certain二者都可作表语，意为二者都可作表语，意为“确信的，对确信的，对-有把握，肯定的有把握，肯定的”1.sure的主语通常是人，一般不用物做主语的主语通常是人，一般不用物做主语I am not sure whether Ive met him before.2.certain的主语既可以是人，也可以是物的主语既可以是人，也可以是物He is certain to pass the test.The evidence is certain.此外，此外，certain还可做定语，意为还可做定语，意为“某个，某些，某种某个，某些，某种”on a certain afternoon3.接从句时，两者的常用搭配为：接从句时，两者的常用搭配为：sb is sure that-it is certain that-Things are getting more expensive now.-Its _ that the prices will continue to _.A.certain;rise upB.certain;go upC.sure;raiseD.sure;be raised up