Linux__Oracle_12c_RAC安装配置v1.0.docx

Linux + Oracle 12c RAC 安装配置详细记录过程_图文并茂_v1.0
Version: <1.0>
作者:风哥
来源：ITPUX 技术网()
mail:176140749@

Linux + Oracle 12c RAC

安装配置详细记录过程

(V1.0)
图文并茂

Linux + Oracle 12c RAC 安装配置详细记录过程_图文并茂_v1.0
Version: <1.0>
作者:风哥
来源：ITPUX 技术网()
mail:176140749@

目 录

1 Oracle12c RAC 数据库安装准备工作..................................................................................................... 3
1.1 安装环境介绍............................................................................................................................... 4
1.2 数据库安装软件下载.... 4
2 Oracle12c RAC 数据库安装环境配置..................................................................................................... 4
2.1 安装主机或虚拟机........................................... 4
2.2 安装操作系统............................................................................................................................... 4
2.3 hosts 文件配置................................................................. 7
2.4 添加组与用户............................................................................................................................... 7
2.5 添加文件系统................................................................................... 8
2.6 修改操作系统参数....................................................................................................................... 8
2.7 禁止 NTP...........................................................................................................11
2.8 配置 grid 和 oracle 用户的环境变量......................................................................................... 11
2.9 配置 SSH 信任关系.................................................................................................................... 15
2.10 调整页面交换空间................................................................................................................... 16
2.11 配置磁盘................................................................................................................................... 16
2.12 使用 Xmanager 远程桌面到 Linux...... 18
3 安装 12c Grid Infrastructure 组件.......................................................................................................... 19
3.1 解压安装文件........................................................... 19
3.2 开始安装 GRID.......................................................................................................................... 19
3.3 指定安装和配置 Grid Cluster................................................................. 20
3.4 选择产品语言，添加简体中文................................................................................................. 22
3.5 配置 SCAN..................................................................................................................................23
3.6 配置节点 IP 与 SSH 测试.......................................................................................................... 23
3.7 选择网卡..................................................................................................................................... 24
3.8 选择是否配置 GRID Management Repository.......................................................................... 24
3.9 配置存储选项选择 asm.............................................................................................................. 25
3.10 输入 asm 密码..........................................................26
3.11 选择操作系统组....................................................................................................................... 27
3.12 选择 ORACLE_BASE 和 ORACLE_HOME.............................................................. 27
3.13 Root 脚本执行........................................................................................................................... 28
3.14 操作系统环境检测................................................................................................................... 29
3.15 安装程序汇总........................................................................................................................... 29
3.16 开始安装................................................................................................................................... 30
3.17 按照提示在主机上运行 orainstRoot.sh 和 root.sh.................................................................. 31
3.18 安装完成后检查状态............................................................................................................... 37
4 创建 ASM 磁盘组....................................................................... 38
5 安装 ORACLE 12c RAC 数据库软件................................................................................................... 40
5.1 运行安装命令................................................................................................. 40
5.2 配置安装选项,选择 install database software only.................................................................... 42
5.3 选择安装语言............................................................................................................................. 43
5.4 选择企业版安装......................................................................................................................... 43
5.5 选择安装路径............................................................................................................................. 44
5.6 默认指定相关组...................... 44
5.7 安装检查..................................................................................................................................... 45
5.8 开始安装.......................................... 46
5.9 安装完成后，主机运行 root.sh 文件....................................................................................... 47

Linux + Oracle 12c RAC 安装配置详细记录过程_图文并茂_v1.0
Version: <1.0>
作者:风哥
来源：ITPUX 技术网()

mail:176140749@

6 创建 Oracle 12c RAC 数据库实例........................................................................................................ 48
6.1 运行 dbca 创建数据库实例........................................................................................................ 48
6.2 选择“Cluster database”........................................................................................................... 48
6.3 选择“Create database”............................................................................................................ 49
6.4 选择 Advanced Mode..........................50
6.5 选择自定义数据库..................................................................................................................... 50
6.6 输入“Global Database Name”和“Sid Prefix”................................. 51
6.7 选择集群节点............................................................................................................................. 52
6.8 配置 EM............................................................................................................... 52
6.9 选择“Use the Same Password for all Accounts”.....................................................................53
6.10 选择“Automatic Storage Management (ASM)”................................................................... 53
6.11 配置数据库选项.......................... 54
6.12 配置数据库参数....................................................................................................................... 55
6.13 数据库创建选项建议.................................................... 57
6.14 开始创建数据库....................................................................................................................... 58
6.15 数据库创建完成........................................................................................ 58
6.16 查看资源组状态....................................................................................................................... 59

Linux + Oracle 12c RAC 安装配置详细记录过程_图文并茂_v1.0
Version: <1.0>
作者:风哥
来源：ITPUX 技术网()
mail:176140749@

1 Oracle12c RAC 数据库安装准备工作

1.1 安装环境介绍

Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.3 X86_64 两台 内存至少 4G Oracle Database 12.1.0.1
采用 ASM 存储方式
备注：oracle 12c 不支持 32 位的环境

1.2 数据库安装软件下载

请在 Oracle 官方网站下载： linuxamd64_12c_grid_1of2; linuxamd64_12c_grid_2of2; linuxamd64_12c_database_1of2 linuxamd64_12c_database_2of2 下载地址：

2 Oracle12c RAC 数据库安装环境配置

2.1 安装主机或虚拟机

安装步骤略。

2.2 安装操作系统

在两个节点安装 LINUX AS 6.3 64 位操作系统，安装过程略。 操作系统版本要求：
Supported Oracle Linux 6 and Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 Distributions for x86-64
Supported Oracle Linux 5 and Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 Distributions for x86-64
Supported SUSE Distributions for x86-64 我的操作系统如下：

[root@rac1 /]# lsb_release -a

Linux + Oracle 12c RAC 安装配置详细记录过程_图文并茂_v1.0
Version: <1.0>
作者:风哥
来源：ITPUX 技术网()
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LSB
Version: :core-4.0-amd64:core-4.0-noarch:graphics-4.0-amd64:graphics-4.0-noarch:p rinting-4.0-amd64:printing-4.0-noarch
Distributor ID: RedHatEnterpriseServer
Description: Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.3 (Santiago) Release: 6.3
Codename: Santiago

[root@rac1 /]# uname -a
Linux rac1 2.6.32-279.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Wed Jun 13 18:24:36 EDT 2012 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64
GNU/Linux

[root@rac2 ~]# uname -a
Linux rac2 2.6.32-279.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Wed Jun 13 18:24:36 EDT 2012 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64
GNU/Linux

需要安装的软件列表：
先把光驱放到操作系统中挂载在/mnt 目录，然后通过 yum 安装以下软件包。 [root@rac1 /]# vi /etc/yum.conf
[EL]
name =Linux 6.3 DVD baseurl=file:///mnt/Server/ gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

# From Public Yum or ULN
yum install binutils -y
yum install compat-libcap1 -y
yum install compat-libstdc++-33 -y
yum install compat-libstdc++-33.i686 -y yum install gcc -y
yum install gcc-c++ -y yum install glibc -y

Linux + Oracle 12c RAC 安装配置详细记录过程_图文并茂_v1.0
Version: <1.0>
作者:风哥
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yum install glibc.i686 -y
yum install glibc-devel -y
yum install glibc-devel.i686 -y yum install ksh -y
yum install libgcc -y
yum install libgcc.i686 -y yum install libstdc++ -y
yum install libstdc++.i686 -y yum install libstdc++-devel -y
yum install libstdc++-devel.i686 -y yum install libaio -y
yum install libaio.i686 -y yum install libaio-devel -y
yum install libaio-devel.i686 -y yum install libXext -y
yum install libXext.i686 -y yum install libXtst -y
yum install libXtst.i686 -y yum install libX11 -y
yum install libX11.i686 -y yum install libXau -y
yum install libXau.i686 -y yum install libxcb -y
yum install libxcb.i686 -y yum install libXi -y
yum install libXi.i686 -y yum install make -y
yum install sysstat -y yum install unixODBC -y
yum install unixODBC-devel -y

We've made a lot of changes, so it's worth doing a reboot of the VM at this point to make sure all the changes have taken effect.

Linux + Oracle 12c RAC 安装配置详细记录过程_图文并茂_v1.0
Version: <1.0>
作者:风哥
来源：ITPUX 技术网()
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# shutdown -r now

2.3 hosts 文件配置

两台主机节点编辑/etc/hosts 文件，添加如下内容：
127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost
#public ip
192.168.40.231 rac1
192.168.40.232 rac2
#priv ip
10.10.40.231 rac1prv
10.10.40.232 rac2prv
#vip ip
192.168.40.233 rac1vip
192.168.40.234 rac2vip
#scan ip
192.168.40.235 racscan

2.4 添加组与用户

在两个节点增加用户与组：
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 60001 oinstall
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 60002 dba
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 60003 oper
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 60004 backupdba
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 60005 dgdba

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 60006 kmdba
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 60007 asmdba
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 60008 asmoper
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 60009 asmadmin

/usr/sbin/useradd -u 61001 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,dba,asmoper grid
/usr/sbin/useradd -u 61002 -g oinstall -G dba,backupdba,dgdba,kmdba,asmadmin oracle

Linux + Oracle 12c RAC 安装配置详细记录过程_图文并茂_v1.0
Version: <1.0>
作者:风哥
来源：ITPUX 技术网()
mail:176140749@

修改用户密码：
passwd grid passwd oracle
登陆测试（必须做），分别用 oracle,grid 用户通过 ssh 登录，按提示修改密码

2.5 添加文件系统

在两个节点完成：
创建/oracle 用以存放 oracle 和 grid 创建/soft 用于存放安装的文件 [grid@rac1:/home/grid]$df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1 20G 4.1G 15G 22% /
tmpfs 1.9G 643M 1.3G 34% /dev/shm
/dev/sdc1 38G 9.5G 27G 27% /oracle
/dev/sdb1 40G 9.0G 29G 24% /soft

[root@rac1 grid]# id grid
uid=61001(grid) gid=60001(oinstall)
groups=60001(oinstall),60002(dba),60007(asmdba),60008(asmoper),60009(asmadmin)

[root@rac1 grid]# id oracle
uid=61002(oracle) gid=60001(oinstall) groups=60001(oinstall),60002(dba),60004(backupdba),60005(dgdba),60006(kmdba),60009(a smadmin)

mkdir -p /oracle/app/grid
mkdir -p /oracle/app/12.1.0.1/grid
chown -R grid:oinstall /oracle

mkdir -p /oracle/app/oraInventory
chown -R grid:oinstall /oracle/app/oraInventory

mkdir -p /oracle/app/oracle
chown -R oracle:oinstall /oracle/app/oracle
chmod -R 775 /oracle

Linux + Oracle 12c RAC 安装配置详细记录过程_图文并茂_v1.0
Version: <1.0>
作者:风哥
来源：ITPUX 技术网()
mail:176140749@

2.6 修改操作系统参数

在两个节点完成：
1、修改/etc/security/limits.conf 文件，增加内容如下：
vi /etc/security/limits.conf

#ORACLE SETTING
grid soft nproc 2047 grid hard nproc 16384 grid soft nofile 1024 grid hard nofile 65536 grid soft stack 10240 grid hard stack 32768 oracle soft nproc 2047 oracle hard nproc 16384 oracle soft nofile 1024 oracle hard nofile 65536 oracle soft stack 10240 oracle hard stack 32768

2、修改/etc/security/limits.d/90-nproc.conf 文件内容
Amend the "/etc/security/limits.d/90-