2年英语高考试题新课标Ⅲ卷(含答案解析).pdf

Just Write！批改网，让英语学习更简单20162016 普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标卷）卷）英语英语第第 I 卷卷注意事项：注意事项：1.答第答第 I 卷前，考卷前，考考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上。2.选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应的题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，在选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷，否则无效。第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 15 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 分，满分分，满分 30 分）分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AMusicOpera at Music Hall:1243 Elm Street.The season runs June through August,with additional performances in March and September.The Opera honors Enjoy the Arts membership discounts.Phone:[phone].http:/.Chamber Orchestra:The Orchestra plays at Memorial Hall at 1406 Elm Street,which offers several concerts from March through June.Call 723-1182 for more information.http:/.Symphony Orchestra:At Music Hall and Riverbend.For ticket sales,call 381-3300.Regular season runs September through May at Music Hall in summer at Riverbend.http:/www.symphony.org/home.asp.College Conservatory of Music(CCM):Performances are on the main campus(校园)of the Just Write！批改网，让英语学习更简单university,usually at Patricia Cobbett Theater.CCM organizes a variety of events,including performances by the well-known LaSalle Quartet,CCMs Philharmonic Orchestra,and various groups of musicians presenting Baroque through modern music.Students with I.D.cards can attend the events for free.A free schedule of events for each term is available by calling the box office at 556-4183.http:/www.ccm.uc.edu/events/calendar.Riverbend Music Theater:6295 Kellogg Ave.Large outdoor theater with the closest seats under cover(price difference).Big name shows all summer long!Phone:[phone].http:/.1.Which number should you call if you want to see an opera?A.241-2742.B.723-1182.C.381-3300.D.232-6220.2.When can you go to a concert by Chamber Orchestra?A.February.B.May.C.August.D.November.3.Where can students go for free performances with their I.D.cards?A.Music Hall.B.Memorial Hall.C.Patricia Cobbett Theater.D.Riverbend Music Theater.4.How is Riverbend Music Theater different from the other places?A.It has seats in the open air.B.It gives shows all year round.C.It offers membership discounts.D.It presents famous musical works.【答案】Just Write！批改网，让英语学习更简单1.A2.B3.C4.A1.A 细节理解题。根据“opera”定位到第一个活动，第一个活动的联系电话是 241-2742，故选 A。2.B 细节理解题。根据“Chamber Orchestra”定位到第二个活动，根据“which offers several concerts from March through June”可知，活动举办时间是 3-6 月，故选 B。3.C 细节理解题。根据“with their I.D.cards”定位到第四个活动中的“Students with I.D.cards can attend the events for free.”，根据“usually at Patricia Cobbett Theater”可知答案，故选 C。考点：广告类短文阅读【名师点睛】阅读理解中细节理解题的干扰项的设置手法体现在下列几个原则：1包含项原则在答案选项分析中，假如对 A 选项的理解概括了对其它三项(或其中某一项)的理解，那么我们就说选项 A 与其他三项是包含或概括关系，包含项 A 往往就是正确答案。如在“花”与“玫瑰”两选项中，正确答案肯定是“花”，花包含了玫瑰,因为玫瑰肯定是花，但花并不一定是玫瑰。Just Write！批改网，让英语学习更简单2正反项原则所谓正反项，是指两选项陈述的命题完全相矛盾。根据形式逻辑排中律知识：两个相互矛盾的判断不能都是假的，其中必有一真。所以在阅读理解中，假如四选项中 A、B 互为正反项，那我们通常先排除 C、D 项，正确答案一般在 A、B 项当中取其一。3委婉项原则所谓委婉，这里是指说话不能说死，要留有余地。阅读理解选项中语气平和、委婉的往往是正确答案。这些选项一般含有不十分肯定或试探性语气的表达，如：probably,possibly,may,usually,might,most of,more or less,relatively,be likely to,not necessary,although,yet,in addition，tend to，be liable to 等等，而含有绝对语气的表达往往不是正确答案，如：must,always,never,the most,all,every,any,merely,only,completely,none,hardly,already 等等。4同形项原则几个选项如存在形式与结构上的相似，那它们就互为同形项。同形项组可喻为高尔夫球场上的“果岭”，而正确答案就是果岭上的“球洞”。命题者往往先将正确答案设置在一个大命题范围，然后通过语言形式的细微变化来考察考生的理解能力与分析能力。同形项原则告诉我们：词汇与句法结构相似的选项一般存在有正确答案。5常识项原则在议论文当中，那些符合一般常识，意义深刻富有哲理，符合一般规律，属于普遍现象的选项往往是正确答案。6因果项原则阅读理解逻辑推理基本都是通过因果链进行的，前因后果，一步步循序渐进。然而，在推理题型的选项中，有的选项会推理不到位（止于前因），或者推理过头（止于后果），这就是所谓的干扰项。因果项原则规定：假如四个选项中有两项互为同一事物推理过程中的因果关系，那么正确答案就是这两个因果项中的其中之一。如果因项可以产生几个结果，那么答案就是因项；如果果项可以对应几个原因，那么答案就是果项。B On one of her trips to New York several years ago,Eudora Welty decided to take a couple of New York friends out to dinner.They settled in at a comfortable East Side cafe and within minutes,another customer was approaching their table.“Hey,arent you from Mississippi?”the elegant,white-haired writer remembered being asked by Just Write！批改网，让英语学习更简单the stranger.“Im from Mississippi too.”Without a second thought,the woman joined the Welty party.When her dinner partner showed up,she also pulled up a chair.“They began telling me all the news of Mississippi,”Welty said.“I didnt know what my New York friends were thinking.”Taxis on a rainy New York night are rarer than sunshine.By the time the group got up to leave,it was pouring outside.Weltys new friends immediately sent a waiter to find a cab.Heading back downtown toward her hotel,her big-city friends were amazed at the turn of events that had changed their Big Apple dinner into a Mississippi.“My friends said:Now we believe your stories,”Welty added.“And I said:Now you know.These are the people that make me write them.”Sitting on a sofa in her room,Welty,a slim figure in a simple gray dress,looked pleased with this explanation.“I dont make them up,”she said of the characters in her fiction these last 50 or so years.“I dont have to.”Beauticians,bartenders,piano players and people with purple hats,Weltys people come from afternoons spent visiting with old friends,from walks through the streets of her native Jackson,Miss.,from conversations overheard on a bus.It annoys Welty that,at 78,her left ear has now given out.Sometimes,sitting on a bus or a train,she hears only a fragment(片段)of a particularly interesting story.5.What happened when Welty was with her friends at the cafe?A.Two strangers joined her.B.Her childhood friends came in.C.A heavy rain ruined the dinner.Just Write！批改网，让英语学习更简单D.Some people held a party there.6.The underlined word“them”in Paragraph 6 refers to Weltys.A.readers B.parties C.friends D.stories7.What can we learn about the characters in Weltys fiction?A.They live in big cities.B.They are mostly women.C.They come from real life.D.They are pleasure seekers.【答案】5.A6.D7.C6.D 猜测词义题。划线的 them 指代前面提到的人或物，根据“Now we believe your stories”可知，them 指代的是 Welty 写的小说里面的故事，听了 Welty 和两个陌生人的有关密西西比的谈话之后，Welty 的朋友相信了 Welty 小说里的故事都是来源于生活，故选 D。7.C 推理判断题。根据“I dont make them up”和“Weltys people come from afternoons spent visiting with old friends,from walks through the streets of her native Jackson,Miss.,from Just Write！批改网，让英语学习更简单conversations overheard on a bus.”可知，Welty 小说里的人物并非虚构的，他们都来源于现实的生活，故选 C。考点：故事类短文阅读【名师点睛】猜词技巧：阅读理解的测试中经常有猜测词、短语、习语意义的题目，这些词、短语、习语要么是生词，要么是熟词新义，单靠平时积累是不够的，还要掌握一定的做题技巧。总结如下：(1)根据构词法(转化、合成、派生)进行判断。(2)根据文中的定义、解释猜生词；利用事例或解释猜生词；利用重复解释的信息猜生词。(3)根据上下文的指代关系进行选择：文章中的代词 it，that，he，him 或 them 可以指上文提到的人或物，其中 it 和 that 还可以指一件事。第 6 题就是属于对指代关系进行判断。(4)根据转折或对比关系进行判断：根据上下句的连接词，如 but，however，otherwise 等就可以看到前后句在意义上的差别，从而依据某一句的含义，来确定另一句的含义。(5)根据因果关系进行判断：俗话说，“有因必有果，有果必有因”。根据原因可以预测结果，根据结果也可以找出原因。(6)根据同位关系进行判断：阅读中有时出现新词、难词，后面就跟着一个同位语，对前面的词进行解释，有时这种解释也用连词“or”连接。(7)利用标点符号和提示词猜测词义。还可以表示转折、对比或不相干的意义。破折号表示解释说明。常见问题形式有：(1)The word“”in Line means/can be best replaced by(2)As used in the passage,the phrase“”suggests(3)From the passage,we can infer that the word/phrase/the sentence“”is/refers to/means(4)The word“”is closest in meaning to CJust Write！批改网，让英语学习更简单If you are a fruit groweror would like to become onetake advantage of Apple Day to see whats around.Its called Apple Day but in practice its more like Apple Month.The day itself is on October 21,but sinceit has caught on,events now spread out over most of October around Britain.Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see,and often taste,a wide variety of apples.To people who are used to the limited choice of apples such as Golden Delicious and Royal Gala in supermarkets,it can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence,such as Decio which was grown by the Romans.Although it doesnt taste of anything special,its still worth a try,as is the knobbly(多疙瘩的)Cats Head which is more of a curiosity than anything else.There are also varieties developed to suit specific local conditions.One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette,but youll need a warm,sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it,so its a pipe dream for most apple lovers who fall for it.At the events,you can meet expert growers and discuss which ones will best suit your conditions,and because these are family affairs,children are well catered for with apple-themed fun and games.Apple Days are being held at all sorts of places with an interest in fruit,including stately gardens and commercial orchards(果园).If you want to have a real orchard experience,try visiting the National Fruit Collection at Brogdale,near Faversham in Kent.8.What can people do at the apple events?A.Attend experts lectures.B.Visit fruit-loving families.C.Plant fruit trees in an orchard.D.Taste many kinds of apples.9.What can we learn about Decio?Just Write！批改网，让英语学习更简单A.It is a new variety.B.It has a strange look.C.It is rarely seen now.D.It has a special taste.10.What does the underlined phrase“a pipe dream”in Paragraph 3mean?A.A practical idea.B.A vain hope.C.A brilliant plan.D.A selfish desire.11.What is the authors purpose in writing the text?A.To show how to grow apples.B.To introduce an apple festival.C.To help people select apples.D.To promote apple research.【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.B【解析】试题分析：作者向人们介绍了一个节日Apple Day。由于这个节日翡翠受欢迎，现在已经演变成“苹果月”了。在英国，人们在十月份庆祝该节日，持续大约一个月的时间。8.D 细节理解题。根据第二段“Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see,and often taste,a wide variety of apples.”可知，参加相关的庆祝活动的人们可以品尝各种各样的苹果，故选D。Just Write！批改网，让英语学习更简单9.C 推理判断题。故选 C。11.B 写作意图题。根据第一段“if you are a fruit groweror would like to become onetake advantage of Apple Day to see whats around.”和最后一段“If you want to have a real orchard experience,try visiting the National Fruit Collection at Brogdale,near Faversham in Kent.”可知，作者向读者介绍了一个节日Apple Day，并推荐人们参加这个节日，故选 B。考点：生活故事类短文阅读【名师点睛】故事类文章是高考阅读理解常选材料之一。这类文章常通过叙述突出人物性格特征或讲述个人经历与感悟，以及逸闻趣事。文章的要素有时间、地点、人物、事件等。有些是按事件发展的经过为主线叙述的，在叙述的过程中有详有略；有些是按时间的顺序叙述的，有顺叙、倒叙等。解题技巧：1、高考选用的此类文章常常为幽默类或情感类故事，其目的或阐明某种观点，或抨击某种陋习，或赞扬某种品德，所以要关注作者表达的个人感悟，提出的个人意见，或故事中出其不意的变化，而这些往往体现文章中心或写作意图，属于必考点。例如第 11 题，考查写作意图。作者向读者介绍了一个节日Apple Day，并推荐人们参加有关的活动。2、该类文章语言流畅、有趣，命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件之间的关系、作者的意图和态度、故事的前因和后果等方面入手，考查学生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。这类文章同学们常有文章易懂，题目不易做的感觉。要注意培养自己快速阅读的习惯。切不可在个别难懂的词句上停留太久，耽误时间。3、对整篇短文内容有了一定的了解后，要马上看短文后的问题，带着问题去选择或判断答案。要确定所需查找的信息范围，并注意所查找信息的特点。例如：如果问题或选项涉及到人名、地名，就应该找首字母大写的单词；如果问题或选项涉及时间、日期、数字，就应该寻找具体的数据。Just Write！批改网，让英语学习更简单DBad news sells.If it bleeds,it leads.No news is good news,and good news is no news.Those are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers.But now that information is being spread and monitored(监控)in different ways,researchers are discovering new rules.By tracking peoples e-mails and online posts,scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than disasters and sob stories.“The if it bleeds rule works for mass media,”says Jonah Berger,a scholar at the University of Pennsylvania.“They want your eyeballs and dont care how youre feeling.But when you share a story with your friends,you care a lot more how they react.You dont want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer.”Researchers analyzing word-of-mouth communicatione-mails,Web posts and reviews,face-to-face conversationsfound that it tended to be more positive than negative(消极的),but that didnt necessarily mean people preferred positive news.Was positive news shared more often simply because people experienced more good things than bad things?To test for that possibility,Dr.Berger looked at how people spread a particular set of news stories:thousands of articles on The New York Times website.He and a Penn colleague analyzed the“most e-mailed”list for six months.One of his first findings was that articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list than non-science articles.He found that science amazed Times readers and made them want to share this positive feeling with others.Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny,or that inspired negative feelings like anger or anxiety,but not articles that left them merely sad.They needed to be aroused(激发)one way or the other,and they preferred good news to bad.The more positive an article,the more likely it was to be shared,as Dr.Berger explains in his new book,“Contagious:Why Things Catch On.”12.What do the classic rules mentioned in the text apply to?Just Write！批改网，让英语学习更简单A.News reports.B.Research papers.C.Private e-mails.D.Daily conversations13.What can we infer about people like Debbie Downer?A.Theyre socially inactive.B.Theyre good at telling stories.C.Theyre inconsiderate of others.D.Theyre careful with their words.14.Which tended to be the most e-mailed according to Dr.Bergers research?A.Sports new.B.Science articles.C.Personal accounts.D.Financial reviews.15.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Sad Stories Travel Far and WideB.Online News Attracts More PeopleC.Reading Habits Change with the TimesD.Good News Beats Bad on Social Networks【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.DJust Write！批改网，让英语学习更简单13.C 推理判断题。根据“you care a lot more how they react”可知，你非常在乎朋友听完你讲的故事后的反应，根据“You dont want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer.”可知，你不想被当作一个“Debbie Downer”，说明指的是“一个不为他人考虑的人”，故选 C。14.B 细节理解题。根据第三段“articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list than non-science articles”可知，科技类的文章比非科技类的更有可能被人们讨论，故选 B。15.D 选择最佳标题。根据第一段“By tracking peoples e-mails and online posts,scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than disasters and sob stories.”可知，好消息在网络上传播得更快，影响更深远；说明文章主要讲的是好消息通过网络的传播，故选D。考点：风俗文化类短文阅读【名师点睛】主旨大意题主要考查学生把握全文主题和理解中心思想的能力。根据多年的备考及高考实践，这类题目考察的范围是：基本论点、文章标题、主题或段落大意等。它要求考生在理解全文的基础上能较好地运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维方法，对文章进行高度概括或总结，属于高层次题。选择“主题”旨在考查考生是否掌握了所读文章的主要内容或主旨，通常用词、短语或句子来概括。常见的提问方式有：1.What is the main/general idea of this text?2.What is mainly discussed in this passage?3.What is the text mainly about?4.This text mainly tells us _.Just Write！批改网，让英语学习更简单5.This passage mainly deals with _.6.The main idea of this passage may be best expressed as_.选择“标题”则是让考生给所读的文章选择一个合适的标题。通常标题由一个名词或名词短语充当，用词简短、精练。常见的提问方式有：1.What would be the best title for the text?2.Which of the following is the best/most suitable title for this text?3.The best/most suitable title for this text would be _.4.The topic of this passage is _.不管是选择“主题”还是选择“标题”，实质上都是要求考生从整体上理解语篇内容，找出贯穿语篇的主线；不管是何种体裁的文章，总是围绕一个主题来展开的。在试题设计上，3个干扰项内容一般在文章里或多或少都有涉及，但并非主要内容，需要注意甄别。第二节第二节 (共共 5 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 分，满分分，满分 10 分分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Everyone knows that fish is good for health.16 But it seems that many people dont cook fish at home.Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year,but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home.Buying,storing,and cooking fish isnt difficult.17 This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way.18 Fresh fish should smell sweet:you should feel that youre standing at the oceans edge.Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isnt fresh.19 When you have bought a fish and arrive home,youd better store the fish in the refrigerator if you dont cook it immediately,but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two.Frozen fish isnt as tasty as the fresh one.There are many common methods used to cook fish.20 First,