2023年国际贸易专业词汇.doc

国际贸易专业英语
（商务词汇汇总）
目录：
一、进出口贸易词汇…………………………………第2页
二、贸易价格术语……………………………………第5页
三、贸易保险、国际组织术语………………………第8页
四、贸易价格术语……………………………………第11页
五、贸易伙伴术语……………………………………第14页
六、数量条件与外汇术语……………………………第16页
一、进出口贸易词汇
1 merce the activity of buying and selling, especially on a large scale贸易 
2. Export Declaration A form to be completed by the exporter or their authorized agent and filed in triplicate by a carrier with the United State Collector of customs at the point of exit. 出口申报单
3.import to bring or carry in from an outside source, especially to bring in(goods or materials)from a foreign country for trade or sale 进口 
4.import licence A certificate, issued by countries exercising import controls, that permits importation of the articles stated in the license. The issuance of such a permit frequently is connected with the release of foreign exchange needed to pay for the shipment for which the import license has been requested.进口许口证 
5.export licence A document secured from a government, authorizing an exporter to export a specific quantity of a particular commodity to a certain country. An export license is often required if a government has place embargoes or other restrictions upon exports. See General Export License.出口许口证 
6.inquiry an act of asking for information询盘
7.delivery an item or items delivered on a particular occasion.交货 
8.order a thing made, supplied, or served as a result of such a request订货
9.Bill of Lading A document that establishes the terms of a contract between a shipper and a transportation company under which freight is to be moved between specified points for a specified charge. Usually prepared by the shipper on forms issued by the carrier, it serves as a document of title, contract of carriage, and a receipt for goods. Also see Air Waybill and Ocean Bill of Lading.提单 
10.Endorsement in Blank Commonly used on a bank check, an endorsement in blank is an endorsement to the bearer. It contains only the name of the endorser and specifies no particular payee. Also, a common means of endorsing bills of lading dawn to the order of the shipper. The bills are endorsed "For..." (see Bill of Lading, Order).空白背书 
11.endorsed sign (a cheque or bill of exchange) on the back to make it payable to someone other than the stated payee or to accept responsibility for paying it背书 
12.cargo receipt Is a receipt of cargo for shipment by a consolidator (used in ocean freight).承运货品收据 
13. catalogue a publication containing details and often photographs of items for sale商品目录 
14.Red Clause Letter of Credit A letter of credit that allows the exporter to receive a percentage of the face value of the letter of credit in advance of shipment. This enables the exporter to purchase inventory and pay other costs associated with producing and preparing the export order. 红条款信用证
15.export subsidy An economic benefit granted by a government to producers of goods or services, often to strengthen their competitive position. 出口津贴
16.favorable balance of trade When countries export more than they import, they are said to have a favorable balance of trade. 贸易顺差
17.unfavorable balance of trade When they import more than they export, an unfavorable balance of trade exits. 贸易逆差
18.free trade zone A port designated by the government of a country for duty-free entry of any non-prohibited goods. Merchandise may be stored, displayed, used for manufacturing, within the zone and re-exported without duties being paid. Duties are imposed on the merchandise (or items manufactured from the merchandise) only when the goods pass from the zone into an area of the country subject to the Customs Authority. 自由贸易区
19. most-favored nation treatment（MFNT） The list of a country's import duties is called a tariff schedule. A single tariff schedule applies to all goods, no matter what their country of origin. A double or multicolumn schedule provides for differing rates depending on the country of origin. Most modern trade agreements are made on the basis of what is called most-favored-nation treatment. 最惠国待遇
20.General Average When damage to cargo on board a vessel exceeds carrier's insurance, carrier will release cargo only with an acceptance agreement to claim only a general percentage of all the damage sustained.共同海损
21 mercial Invoice An itemized list of goods shipped, usually included among an exporter's collection papers.商业发票
22.Ocean bills of lading A receipt for cargo in transit, and a contract between the exporter and an ocean carrier for transportation and delivery of goods to a specified party at a specified foreign destination. Issued after the vessel has sailed and the cargo has been entered in the ship's manifest. 海运提单
23.Customs liquidation The finalization of a customs entry. 清关
24.Customs Bonded Warehouse Is a warehouse where imported goods may be stored for a total of three years without the payment of duty or taxes. 保税仓库
25.dumping sending (goods unsaleable in the home market) to a foreign market for sale at a low price. 商品倾销
26.export send (goods or services) to another country for sale出口
27.Correspondent Bank A bank that, in its own country, handles the business of a foreign bank.告知行
28.sight draft a draft payable upon presentation. 即期汇票
29.transferable L/C a letter of credit part of whose value when the applicant defaults on another agreed method of payment可转让信用证
30.mark information placed on outer surface of shipping containers or packages such as address labels, identifying numbers, box specifications, caution, or directional warning.唛头
二、贸易价格术语
1.FOB (free on board) Seller is responsible for inland freight and all
other costs until the cargo has been loaded on the
vessel/aircraft.Buyer is responsible for ocean/airfreight
and marine/airinsurance离岸价（船上交货价）
2.C&F(cost and freight) Is a quoted price includes cost of goods and
freight. 成本加运费价（离岸加运费价）
3.CIF (cost, insurance and freight) Is a quoted price includes cost of
goods, insurance and freight. 到岸价 （成本加运费、保险
费价）
4.reight All merchandise,goods,products,or commodities shipped by
sail,air,road,or water other than by baggage,express
mail,or regular mail . 运费
5.wharfage A charge assessed by a pier or dock owner against the cargo
or a steamship company for use of the pier or dock. 码
头费
6.tariff customs,duty；Duties or a duty imposed by a government on
Imported or exported goods. 关税
7 mission The amount paid to an agent,which may be an individual, a borker, or a financial institution for consummating a transaction involving sale or purchase of assets or services. 佣金
8.return commission A commission which is paid back by the agent if a
policy is cancelled before its normal expiration date. 回
佣，回扣 
price price of product (service) which does not contain Value Adeed Tax净价
10.wholesale price Wholesaling is the sale of goods or merchandise to retailers, to industrial, commercial, institutional, or other professional business users批发价
11.discount / allowance A reduction from the full or standard amout of a pice or debt折扣
12.retail price The price paid by a consumer to a dealer or individual for a vehicle. The dealer or individual sets the retail price of a used car by calculating the wholesale price paid plus reconditioning expenses and other costs零售价
13.spot price the current delivery price of a commodity traded in the spot market现货价格
14.current price prevailing price，the prices of goods and services in the reference period现行价格/时价
15.customs valuation Establishment, according to defined criteria, of the value of goods for the purpose of levying ad valorem customs duties on their importation海关估价
16.price list means the list of charges for the Product as found on the Site and VAT at the prescribed rate and any other tax, duty or levy imposed by legislation. 价目表
17.stamp duty stamp tax，a tax collected by requiring a stamp to be purchased and attached (usually on documents or publications). 印花税
18.revenue the total income a business firm or government receives from all source税收，收入
19.forward price Refers to sales into the future of a physical commodity by the use of forward contracting or futures and options hedging. It is a marketing tool for grain buyers and sellers. 期货（远期）价格，期货价
20.deduction an amount that is or may be deducted；the act of deducting；subtraction扣除（额）；减除（额）
21.average cost Usually refers to average total cost，which is the total cost of production of a good or service(including the costs of fixed inputs and variable inputs) divided by the quantity produced. 平均成本
22.interest rate The fee charged by a lender to a borrower for the use of borrowed money，usually expressed as an annual percentage of the principal；the rate is dependent upon the time value of money，the credit risk of the bprrowed and the onflation rate. 利率Interest rates can be calculated as simple，compounded or effective.
23.import surcharge A temporary tax on imports over and above established tariffs, usually enacted in times of economic crisis进口附加税
24.import licence An import license is a document issued by a national government authorizing the importation of certain goods into its territory.进口许口证
25.export licence A document secured from a government, authorizing an exporter to export a specific quantity of a particular commodity to a certain country. An export license is often required if a government has place embargoes or other restrictions upon exports. See General Export Licence出口许口证
26.total value face value * place value. 总值
27.world (International)Market price World market prices of commodities exchange国际市场价格
28.open account Credit extended that is not supported by a note，mortage，or other formal written evidence of indebtedness. Because this method poses an obvious risk to the supplier，it is essential that the buy’s integrity by unquestionable. 赊账
29.average price The price of a home determined by totaling the sales prices of all houses sold in an area and dividing that number by the number of homes. 平均价格
30.Port of Discharge Port where vessel is off loaded and cargo discharges 卸货港
三、贸易保险、国际组织术语
1. Insurer: insurance company: a financial institution that sells insurance 保险人
2. Insured: a person whose interests are protected by an insurance policy 投保人
3. Insurance policy: An Insurance contract determines the legal framework under which the features of an insurance policy are enforced.保险单
4. proximate cause: an event sufficiently related to a legally recognizable injury to be held the cause of that injury. 近因原则
5. Total Loss: Totaled (shorthand for total loss) is a term used in the insurance industry. Generally, the insurance provider will only pay out the lesser cost of buying a replacement vehicle, instead of paying to repair the old one to its previous state.所有损失/全损
6. PICC: People’s Insurance Company of China. a Chinese insurance company中国人民保险企业
7. I.C.: China Insurance Clause中国保险条款
8. W/W clause: Warehouse to Warehouse Clause仓至仓条款
9. All Risks ：This is an insurance term and the “All Risks” insurance will normally cover against all risks of whatever nature provided that they are risks and not certainties.一切险
10. W.A./W.P.A：(With Average or With Particular Average) An insurance term meaning that partial loss or damage of goods is insured. Generally must be caused by sea water. Many have a minimum percentage of damage before payment. May be extended to cover loss by theft, pilferage, delivery, leakage, and breakage. 水渍险
11. F.P.A.： (Free of Particular Average) A term used in marine insurance policies to indicate that while the underwriter is unwilling to assume liability for ordinary partial losses due to the peculiar qualities of the particular article or to its form of package, he is willing to bear partial losses, the direct result of stranding, sinking, burning, collision, or other named peril 平安险
12. War Risk: The possible aggressive actions against a ship and its cargo by a belligerent government. This risk can be insured by a marine policy with a risk clause. 战争险
13. Strike， riots and civel commotion ：
（S.R.C.C.）An insurance clause referring to loss or damage directly caused by strikers, locked-out workmen, persons participation in labor disturbances, and riots of various kinds. The ordinary marine insurance policy does not cover this risk; coverage against it can be added only by endorsement. 罢工、暴乱、民变险
14. Claim : an assertion of a right (as to money or property) 索赔
15. Disputes: dispute is a commencement of a conflict between statements of accepted fact and a new or unaccepted proposal that disagrees with, argues against, or debates the accepted knowledge or opinion. 争议
16. Penalty: the act of punishing 罚金条款
17. Arbitration: (law) the hearing and determination of a dispute by an impartial referee agreed to by both parties 仲裁
18. Force Majeure: all events which are beyond the control of the Parties to this Contract, and which are unforeseen, unavoidable or insurmountable, and which arise after the Effective Date and Which prevent total or partial performance by and Party. 不可抗力
19. Arbitral tribunal: An arbitral tribunal (or arbitration tribunal) is a panel of one or more adjudicators which is convened and sits to resolve a dispute by way of arbitration. 仲裁庭
20. Arbitration Clause: Is a standard clause to be included in the contracts of exporters and importers, as suggested by the American Arbitration Association. It states that any controversy or claim will be settled by arbitration in accordance with the rules of the American Arbitration Association. 仲裁条款
21. Certificate of origin: A statement signed by the exporter or his agent, and attested to by a local Chamber of Commerce, indicating that the goods being shipped, or a major percentage of them, originated and were produced in the exporter's country 产地证明书
22. Inspection certificate: A document certifying that merchandise (such as perishable goods) was in goods condition immediately prior to shipment. 品质检查证书
23. WTO ： (World Trade Organization) an international organization designed to supervise and liberalize international trade.世界贸易组织
24. IMF ： (International Monetary Fund) an international organization that oversees the global financial system by following the macroeconomic policies of its member countries, in particular those with an impact on exchange rates and the balance of payments. 国际货币基金组织
25. EFTA ： (European Free Trade Association)a European trade bloc which was established as an alternative for European states who did not join the then-European Economic Community. 欧洲自由贸易联盟
26. AFTA： (ASEAN Free Trade Area) a trade bloc agreement by the Association of Southeast Asian Nations supporting local manufacturing in all ASEAN countries.东盟自由贸易区
27. JCCT ： (China-US Joint Commission on Commerce and Trade)中