复合不定代词用法和练习(含答案).pdf

复合不定代词用法和练习复合不定代词用法和练习复合不定代词的用法：复合不定代词的用法：不指明替代某个(些)人、某个(些)事物的代词叫不定代词。由 some-，any-，no-，every-加上-one，-body，-thing 连用，构成复合不定代词。复合不定代词包括 something,somebody,someone,anything,anybody,anyone,nothing,nobody,noone,everything,everybody,everyone 等十二个。这些复合代词具有名词性质，在句中可用作主语、宾语或表语，但不能用作定语。一、复合不定代词的指代对象一、复合不定代词的指代对象1、含-body 和-one 的复合代词只用来指人，含-body 的复合不定代词与含-one 的复合不定代词在功能和意义上完全相同，可以互换。只是用-body 时显得较通俗些，多用于口语中，用-one 时显得较文雅些，更常见于正式场合及书面语中。如：Someone/Somebody is crying in the next room.有人在隔壁房间哭。2、含-thing 的复合不定代词只用来指事物。如：Are you going to buy anything?你会去买东西吗？二、复合不定代词的属格二、复合不定代词的属格1、含-one 和-body 等指人的复合代词可有-s 属格形式。如：Everybodys business is nobodys business.大家的事情没人管。Is this anybodys seat?这儿有人坐吗？2、含-one 和-body 等指人的复合代词后跟 else 时，-s 属格应加在 else 之后。如：Can you remember someone elses name?你还记得其他人的姓名吗？3、含-thing 等指事物的复合不定代词没有-s 属格形式。三、复合不定代词的数三、复合不定代词的数1、复合不定代词都具有单数的含义，因此通常被看成是单数第三人称。当它们充当句子的主语时，其后的谓语动词用单数形式。如：Is everyone here today?今天，大家都到齐了吗？Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it.世上无难事，只怕有心人。四、复合不定代词的替代问题四、复合不定代词的替代问题由于复合不定代词都具有单数的含义，所以在正规的英语中用来替代它们的代词也应该是单数形式。1、含-one 和-body 等指人的复合代词，其代词应该是 he/she,him/her,其-s 属格形式的代词应该是 his/her,his/hers。如：Everyone has his/her own words.每个人都有他（她）自己的说辞。但是，这样一来就会因为性别的差异而使得在代词的运用上具有不确定性，所以为了避免这种别扭的情况，我们一般都是用 they/them/their/theirs,尤其是在口语中以及非正式场合下。如：No one gave you a ticket,did they?没人给你票，是吗？2、含-thing 等指事物的复合不定代词，不会因性别上的差异而使得在代词的运用上产生不确定性，因此我们就使用 it。如：Something goes wrong,doesnt it?出问题了，是吗？五、复合不定代词的定语五、复合不定代词的定语复合不定代词的定语必须后置，即放在复合不定代词的后面。如：Can you tell something interesting?你能讲些有趣的事情吗？1六、含六、含 some-some-和和 any-any-的复合不定代词间的用法区别的复合不定代词间的用法区别由 some-和 any-所构成的复合不定代词（即 something 和 anything；someone 和anyone；somebody 和 anybody）之间的区别跟 some 和 any 的区别一样。1、something，someone，somebody 通常用于肯定句中，而 anything，anyone，anybody 一般用于否定句，疑问句或条件状语从句中。如：He found something strange but interesting.他发现了一些奇怪但却有趣的事情。Do you have anything to say？你有话要说吗？I cant meet anybodyon the island.在岛上，我没遇见任何人。2、在表示请求、邀请、提建议等带有委婉语气的疑问句，和希望得到对方肯定答复的疑问句，以及表示反问的问句中，也用 something，someone，somebody等复合不定代词。如:Would you like something to eat？要些吃的东西吗？3、当anything 表示“任何事（物），无论何事（物）”，anyone，anybody 表示“无论谁，任何人”等意义时，它们也可以用于肯定句中。如：Anything is OK.什么都行。Anybody knows the answer.任何人都知道答案。七、复合不定代词的否定七、复合不定代词的否定1、“not every-”表示的是部分否定，意为“并非都，不都”。例如：Not everything will go well.并非一切都会那么顺利。The teacher didnt call everyones name.老师并没有点所有人的名。2、“not any-”和 no-均表示全否定。例如：He listened,but heard nothing.他听了听，但什么也没听到。=He listened,but didnt hear anything.You havent called anyone/anybody up,have you?你没给谁打过电话，是吗？=You have called no one/nobody up,have you?八、复合不定代词作名词八、复合不定代词作名词复合不定代词可以充当名词用，表示“的事情（东西或人）”。1、someone/somebody,anyone/anybody 的意义是“重要人物，大人物”，everyone/everybody 意为“最重要的人”，no one/nobody 则意指“无关紧要的人，小人物”。例如：2、something，anything 的意义是“重要事情（东西）”，everything 表示“最重要的事情（东西）”，nothing 则指“毫无趣味的事情，无关紧要的东西”。九、合与分的区别问题九、合与分的区别问题1、someone，anyone，everyone 都只能指人，且不和介词 of 连用；some one，any one，every one 则既可指人又可指物，可与介词 of 连用。例如：Anyone should be polite to every one of them.任何人都要礼貌对待他们中的每一个人。-Which toy would you like?-Any one is OK.-你要那个玩具？-随便。2、no one（=nobody）“没有人”，只用来指人，通常不和介词of 连用；none“没有一个”，既可以用来指人也可用来指物。例如：No one can do it better.没有人能做得更好。None of these questions is easy,and none of us can even answer any one of them.这些问题没有一个是容易的，我们中没有一个人能答出其中的一题。回答 who 引导的特殊疑问句时用 no one；回答 how many 引导的特殊疑问句时用none。例如：2-Who was late?-No one.-谁迟到了？-谁也没有迟到。-How many pigs do you keep?-None.-你养几头猪？-一头也没养。在谚语中出现的复合不定代词在谚语中出现的复合不定代词1Everybodys business is nobodys business.人人管等于没有人管。2Everybodys friend is nobodys friend.每个人的朋友就不是任何人的朋友。3Everything is good for something.是东西都有用处。4Everything has two sides.事物都有两面性。5He who has no conscience has nothing.没有良心的人一无所有。6Nothing succeeds like success.一事成功，事事成功。7Nothing venture,nothing have.不入虎穴，焉得虎子。8Money isnt everything.钱不是万能的。9To know everything is to know nothing.样样皆通，样样稀10Everything is good when new,but friends when old.东西是新的好，朋友是老的好。复合不定代词练习题：复合不定代词练习题：一、选择题：()1.Im hungry.I want _ to eat.A.anythingB.somethingC.everythingD.nothing()2.Do you have _ to say for yourself?No,I have _ to say.A.something;everythingB.nothing;somethingC.everything;anythingD.anything;nothing()3.Why not ask _ to help you?A.everyoneB.someoneC.anyoneD.none()4.Everything _ ready.We can start now.A.areB.isC.beD.were()5.Theres _ with his eyes.Hes OK.A.anything wrongB.wrong somethingC.nothing wrong D.wrong nothing()6.The story is so amazing!Its the most interesting story Ive ever read.But Im afraid it wont be liked by _.A.everybodyB.somebodyC.anybodyD.nobody()7.She listened carefully,but heard _.A.anyoneB.someoneC.everyoneD.nothing3()8.I agree with most of what you said,but I dont agree with _.A.everythingB.anythingC.somethingD.nothing()9.Everyone is here today,_?No,Han Mei isnt here.Shes ill.A.isnt itB.isnt heC.are theyD.isnt everyone()10.Everything goes well,_?A.is itB.isnt itC.do theyD.doesnt it（）11._ of us is active in English class.A.EveryB.Every oneC.EveryoneD.Anybody（）12.The exam was difficult,wasnt it?No，but I dont think_ could pass it.A.somebodyB.anybodyC.nobodyD.everybody二、用 something,anything,anyone,nothing,everything,no one,every one 填空。1.Look!Can you see_ behind the tree?Yes,I think its a cat.2.Do you know _ in the store?Sorry,I dont know them.3._ is in the room.Its empty(空的)。4.This was my first time in Wuhan,so_ was really interesting.5.Could you give me_to drink?Sure！Here you are.6.Kangkang,is_ here today?No,Jim isnt here.He is in hospital.7.Jim!Can you see the words on the blackboard?Sorry!I can see _.三、写出与 some,any,every构成的复合词。答案：答案：一、BDBBC/ADABD/BD二、1.anything 2.anyone 3.No one 4.everything 5.something 6.everyone 7.nothing4