2019_2020学年新教材高中英语课时素养评价十二Unit4SpaceExplorationReadingforWriting新人教版必修第三册.doc

课时素养评价十二 Unit 4 Space Exploration Reading for Writing

Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. You should do it regularly(regular).
2. I limit myself to three cups of beer a day.
3. She attached a stamp to the envelope.
4. They provided some necessary support for the sufferers.
5. So from the global (globe) perspective, it is very important.
6. He gave up without argument(argue).
7. There are many kinds of resources(resource) like coal, tungsten, oil, and copper.
8. How much would you spend on sport products?
9. I have found the solution to this problem.
10. I provide him with all his rights.
Ⅱ. 根据汉语提示用短语完成句子
1. Reading English aloud in the morning will do you a lot of good .  
早晨大声朗读英文会给你带来许多好处。
2. I don’t know whether to accept or refuse the offer.  
我不知道是接受还是拒绝这个提议。
3. It is no good learning without practice.  
学而不实践是没好处的。
4. As long as you do your best, you never fail to get what you want.  
只要你竭尽全力, 一定能够得到你想要的。
5. All of us can make a difference to our society.  
我们所有人都会对我们的社会产生影响。
6. So every one of us has the duty to fight against fake commodities for our society and for ourselves.  
因此, 为了我们的社会, 也为了我们自己, 我们每个人都有责任与伪劣产品作斗争。
7. As you will see from my resume, I meet the requirements for the position.  
正如您从我的简历中看到的, 我符合这个职位的要求。
8. In closing, I am very grateful to you for your timely help.  
最后, 我非常感谢你的及时帮助。
9. It rained heavily yesterday. As a result, the train was delayed.  
昨天下大雨了。所以, 火车延误了。
10. It took them almost five years to finish building the dam.  
建完大坝花了他们几乎五年的时间。

Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
　　The sun is going to expand into the orbit of Mercury according to scientific calculations, which will result in the entire Earth catching on fire. Who will save the world?
This imaginative tale is at the heart of the latest Chinese sci-fi movie The Wandering Earth. Unlike many American space-themed films where the solution to a disaster Earth faces is always fleeing (逃离) the planet in spaceships, this time we’re taking the Earth with us. The film, which has made it the country’s most successful film of all time, has offered a different and more ambitious idea.  
The “ambition” didn’t come from nowhere. For thousands of years, “homeland” has had a soft spot in the hearts and minds of Chinese people. One old idiom that shows a strong feeling that Chinese people have had for their homeland is “luoyeguigen”, which means returning to one’s homeland in old age, like fallen leaves returning to the roots of their tree.
“What is Chinese sci-fi? ” Guo Fan, the film’s director, said in an interview. “A vehicle that really expresses our cultural and spiritual core (核 心 ) can be called Chinese sci-fi. Otherwise, we’re just following others and telling the same Hollywood stories. ”
And the makers of The Wandering Earth may have chosen the best time to tell its Chinese sci-fi story. The film was released on Feb 5, the first day of Chinese New Year. It was a time when many people had just made the hard journey back to their hometowns. So to them, there is only one possible way to tell the story: Earth goes wherever humans go, because it’s our home.
【文章大意】本文介绍了中国最新科幻电影《流浪地球》在中国科幻电影史上具有深远影响。与许多美国太空主题电影不同, 在这部电影中, 地球面临灾难时的解决方案是乘坐宇宙飞船和地球一起逃离, 这和以前的观点是不同的。
1. The main purpose of the opening paragraph is to______.  
A. give a brief account of the film
B. warn people of the coming threat
C. explore ways to avoid the disaster
D. introduce the topic of the passage
【解析】选D。推理判断题。引入第一段的目的是导入话题will result in the entire Earth catching on fire. Who will save the world? 故选D。
2. The underlined phrase “a different and more ambitious idea” refers to______.  
A. fleeing the Earth in spaceships
B. bringing in huge success
C. filling the gap in Chinese sci-fi movies
D. helping Earth make its escape
【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据第二段This imaginative tale is at the heart of the latest Chinese sci-fi movie The Wandering Earth. Unlike many American spacethemed films where the solution to a disaster Earth faces is always fleeing the planet in spaceships, this time we’re taking the Earth with us. 这个充满想象力的故事是中国最新科幻电影《流浪地球》的核心。与许多美国太空主题电影不同, 在这些电影中, 地球面临灾难时的解决方案总是乘坐宇宙飞船逃离地球, 而这次我们要把地球带上。不同的观点就是helping Earth make its escape帮着地球一起逃离。故选D。
3. Which of the following is unlikely to account for the success of the film?
A. The rich imagination of the story.
B. Hollywood-style space stories.
C. The special cultural background.
D. The time chosen to release the film.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第四段A vehicle that really expresses our cultural and spiritual core can be called Chinese sci-fi. Otherwise, we’re just following others and telling the same Hollywood stories. 可知, 我们没有跟随其他人来讲述同样的好莱坞的故事, 而是有自己的文化和精神核心。所以好莱坞的故事没有给这部电影带来成功。故选B。
4. What is likely to be title for the passage?
A. Chinese Sci-fi Catches Up
B. The Most Successful Chinese Sci-fi
C. Chinese Sci-fi Sets a New Path
D. Chinese Sci-fi Challenges
【解析】选C。主旨大意题。根据第二段The film, which has made it the country’s most successful film of all time, has offered a different and more ambitious idea. 可知, 中国科幻电影开辟了新的途径。故选C。
B
　　Traditionally, robots have been hard, made of metal and other rigid material. But a team of scientists at Harvard University in the US has managed to build an entirely soft robot-one that draws inspiration from an octopus(章鱼).
Described in science journal Nature, the “Octobot” could pave the way for more effective autonomous robots that could be used in search, rescue and exploration. “The Octobot is a minimal system which may serve as a foundation for a new generation of completely soft, autonomous robots, ”the study’s authors wrote.
Robots built for precise, repetitive movements in a controlled environment don’t do so well on rough terrains(地形) or in unpredictable conditions. And they aren’t especially safe around humans, because they’re made out of hard and heavy parts that could be potentially dangerous to their users.
So researchers have been working on building soft robots for decades. They’ve taken inspiration from nature, looking to animals from jellyfish to cockroaches, which are often made up of more flexible matter.
But creating a completely soft robot remains a challenge. Even if engineers build a silicone(硅酮) body, it’s still a grand challenge to construct flexible versions of essential parts, such as a source of power.
“Although soft robotics is still in its early stage, it holds great promise for several applications, such as search􀆼and􀆼rescue operations and exploration, ”Barbara Mazzolai and Virgilio Mattoli of the Italian Institute of Technology’s Center for MicroBioRobotics, wrote in a comment. “Soft robots might also open up new approaches to improving wellness and the quality of life. ”
【文章大意】本文是一篇科普说明文。美国哈佛大学的科学家受到章鱼的启发, 制造了软体机器人; 这种机器人可以用于搜救、探险等行业, 比常规机器人更安全; 虽然软件机器人的开发和研究尚处在早期阶段, 但是这种机器人必将更有利于健康与生活质量。
5. What’s the special feature of “Octobot”?
A. It’s soft. 　　　 B. It’s made of metal.
C. It’s very small. D. It looks like an octopus.
【解析】选A。 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句中的“The Octobot is a minimal system which may serve as a foundation for a new generation of completely soft, autonomous robots”可知, “Octobot”是一种可以用作软体机器人基础部件的微型系统; 据此可知, “Octobot”的特点是柔软, 故A项正确。
6. What’s the disadvantage of traditional robots?
A. They’re hard to control.
B. They’re too heavy to move.
C. They can’t predict conditions.
D. They can’t behave well all the time.
【解析】选D。 推理判断题。根据第三段的内容可知, 传统机器人无法在崎岖的地形上很好地运行, 此外, 由于沉重的金属部件, 传统机器人可能会对人体产生伤害; 据此可知, 传统机器人并非总是很好地运行, 故D项正确。
7. One of the biggest challenges is to build Octobot’s ______.  
A. silicone body B. complex components
C. precise movements D. flexible power source
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第五段中的第二句“Even if engineers build a silicone body, it’s still a grand challenge to construct flexible versions of essential parts, such as a source of power”可知, 即使工程师利用硅酮制造出了软体机器人的身体, 但是建造柔韧性强的关键部件仍然面临巨大的挑战, 比如动力来源; 据此可知, 制造软体机器人最大的挑战之一是柔韧性强的动力来源, 故D项正确。
8. What’s the possible application of “Octobot”?
A. Medical research. B. Life rescue.
C. Machine operation. D. House cleaning.
【解析】选B。 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句中的“Although soft robotics is still in its early stage, it holds great promise for several applications, such as search􀆼and􀆼rescue operations and exploration”可知, 尽管软体机器人技术还处于早期阶段, 但它适用于诸如搜索救援和探索等任务, 故B项正确。
Ⅱ. 阅读填句
　　根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
　　Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion, unless you learn how to deal with it. They warn that anger can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possibly cancer.
　1　Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Others burst with anger, and scream and yell. But other people keep their anger inside. They can not or will not express it. This is called repressing anger.  
For years many doctors thought that repressing anger was more dangerous to a person’s health than expressing it. They said that when a person is angry, the brain releases the same hormones (荷尔蒙). They speed the heart rate raise blood pressure, or sugar into the blood, etc. 　2　 
Some doctors say that both repressing and expressing anger can be dangerous. They believe that those who express anger violently may be more likely to develop heart disease, and they believe that those who keep anger inside may face a greater danger of high blood pressure.
　3　They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger, then decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about. If it is, they say, “　4　Wait until your anger has cooled down and you are able to express yourself calmly and reasonably. ” 
Doctors say that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry. 　5　 
A. Anger may cause you a cancer.
B. Do not express your anger while angry.
C. In general the person feels excited and ready to act.
D. They say that laughter is much healthier than anger.
E. Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger.
F. Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time.
G. Expressing anger violently is more harmful than repressing it.
【文章大意】生气、发怒是人的一种正常情绪。但是处理怒气的不同方式会影响一个人的健康。
1. 【解析】选F 。从首句“Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion, unless you learn how to deal with it. ”及从空后面不同人处理生气的不同方式说明生气是一种正常的情感。故F项正确。
2. 【解析】选C。从空前“They speed the heart rate, raise blood pressure, or sugar into the blood, etc. ”生气的人会加速心跳、升高血压或血糖等及常识可知一般情况下生气会让人受到刺激、急于行动。故C项正确。
3. 【解析】选E。从后文“They say the first step is to admit that. . . , then decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about”等可推知这些是医生给出的如何正确处理生气的解决方案。故E项正确。
4. 【解析】选B。根据后文“Wait until your anger has cooled down and you are able to express yourself calmly and reasonably. ”可知生气时要等到冷静下来且能平静、合理地表达时才宣泄情绪。由此可知生气时不要表达。故B项正确。
5. 【解析】选D 。根据空前“. . . a good way to deal with anger is to find humor. . . ”及常识可知幽默会带来笑声。由此可知笑声比生气健康得多。故D项正确。

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