高中英语语法：英语近义词辨析.docx

高中英语语法：英语近义词辨析

　　近义词---Vocal, Oral, Spoken, Colloquial
　　Vocal(adj.)---“发声的”。指拥有发音的能力。
　　Verbal(adj.)---“言辞的”。正式用语。指笔头表达。非正式英语中也表示口头表达。
　　Oral(adj.)---“口语的”。指口头表达和交流。
　　Spoken(adj.)---“口语的”。指口头表达和交流，此时与oral一词无区别，
　　但spoken可以构成复合形容词，表示以一种特定方式讲话。
　　Colloquial(adj.)---“口语的”。指普通的、非正式的通俗语言。
　　例:The snake is not a vocal creature.
　　蛇不是发声动物。
　　He was very vocal in his objections.
　　在反对时他嗓门很大。
　　Let's have oral practice.
　　让我们作口头练习。
　　You had an oral examination, didn't you?
　　你考了口试，是吗？
　　This word is used in spoken language.
　　这个词用于口语。
　　She is a soft-spoken woman.
　　她是一个说话柔和的女人
　　This is a colloquial expression.
　　这是通俗用语。
　　He studies English colloquial style.
　　他研究口语体的英语。
　　近义词---View, Scenery, Scene, Sight
　　View(n.)---“景色”。普遍用语。指目中所望见的景色。
　　Scenery(n.)---“景色”,“外景”。指一个地方乃至一个国家的整个外景或外貌。
　　Scene(n.)---“景色”。可与view通用，但多包括了其中的人及其活动。
　　Sight(n.)---“光景”。多指人工的事物，比如大建筑史迹等有名的处所。
　　例:There is a fine view of the mountain from our hotel window.
　　从我们旅馆的窗口可以看到秀丽的山景。
　　It was our first view of the ocean.
　　这是我们第一次看见海洋。
　　The scenery of this country is unparalleled.
　　这个国家的风景无与伦比。
　　The train moved slowly south through flat, drab mainline scenery.
　　火车穿过干线两侧风景单调乏味的地区，缓缓地向南驶去。
　　The boats in the harbour make a beautiful scene.
　　港中的船只构成美丽的景色。
　　The scene of sunset was very beautiful.
　　日落的景色是非常美的。
　　We will go and see the sights of New York.
　　我们要去看看纽约的名胜。
　　The Imperial Palace is one of the sights of China.
　　故宫是中国名胜之一。
　　高中英语语法-高中英语语法重点难点回顾之三
　　高中英语语法重点难点回顾之三
　　little,no,some, 等修饰。
　　I have read all the book (that) you gave me.
　　4)先行词被 the only, the very, the same, the last 修饰时。
　　He is the only person that I want to talk to.
　　5)先行词既有人又有物时。They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school.
　　先行词是表示地点时,要根据从句的谓语动词是及物的还是不及物的。如果是及物的就用that(which),否则用where。
　　This is the house where he lived last year.
　　This is the house that (which) he visited last year.
　　用no sooner…than和hardly…when引导的从句表示“刚……就……”。主句中的动词一般用过去完成时,从句用过去时;而且主句一般倒装,把助动词had提到前面。例如：Hardly had I entered the room when I heard a loud noise.
　　代词作主语时,主谓语序不变。Here it is. Here he comes.
　　当句首状语为表示地点的介词词组时也常常引起全部倒装。
　　South of the city lies a big steel factory.
　　From the valley came a frightening sound.
　　表语置于句首时,倒装结构为“表语+连系动词+主语”。
　　Present at the meeting were Professor White,Professor Smith and many other guests.
　　Gone are the days when they could do what they liked to the Chinese people.
　　Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys.
　　He has been to Beijing. So have I.
　　Li Wei can’t answer the question. Neither can I.
　　部分倒装
　　用于省略if的虚拟条件状语从句。Had you reviewed your lessons,you might have passed the examination.
　　3.用于“形容词(或名词、动词)+as(though)引导的让步状语从句中。例如：Pretty as she is ,she is not clever.
　　Try as he would, he might fail again.
　　如果从句的表语是名词,其名词前不加任何冠词。
　　Child as he was, he had to make a living.
　　用于no sooner…than…,hardly…when和not until的句型中。Not until the teacher came did he finish his homework.
　　用于never,hardly,seldom,scarcely, barely, little,often,at no time,not only,not once等词开头的句子。
　　Never shall I do this again.
　　Little did he know who the woman was.
　　6.用于以only开头的句子(only修饰副词,介词短语或状语从句时)。Only this afternoon did I finish the novel.
　　Only in this way can you master English.
　　Only when he told me did I realize what trouble he was in.
　　如果only后面的词组不是状语,则不用倒装。
　　Only Wang Ling knows this.
　　用于某些表示祝愿的句子。May you succeed!祝你成功!
　　stomach－stomachs，a German－three Germans,
　　an American－two Americans，man cook - men cooks;
　　papers 报纸, 文件 manners礼貌 drinks饮料
　　in a word 简言之?in other words 换句话说
　　have words with 与某人吵嘴
　　have a few words (a word) with sb.与某人说几句话
　　The crowd were running for their lives．