天然药化英文.pptx

Natural Products Chemistry唐万侠唐万侠(Tang Wanxia)Natural Products ChemistryBilingual Teaching Methods1.Explain the knowledge in English and Chinese.2.Pay attention to the culture exchange in the world.3.Improve the ability to utilize specialty English.Natural Products ChemistryExamination for Natural Products ChemistrySelective Course1.Come to the class on time:10 2.Behaviour in class:10 3.Class note:10 4.Examination at the end of the class:70 Note:Someone cant be allowed to come to the examination if he is absent from the class more than 6 times.Natural Products ChemistryClass ContentsChapter 1 IntroductionChapter 2 Saccharide and GlycosidesChapter 3 PhenylpropanoidsChapter 4 QuinonesChapter 5 FlavonoidsChapter 6 Terpenoids and Volatile oilsChapter 7 Triterpenoids and SaponinsChapter 8 Steroides and GlycosidesChapter 9 AlkaloidsChapter 10 Marine Natural Products糖和苷糖和苷苯丙素类化合物苯丙素类化合物醌类化合物醌类化合物黄酮类化合物黄酮类化合物萜类和挥发油萜类和挥发油三萜及其苷类三萜及其苷类甾体及其苷类甾体及其苷类生物碱生物碱海洋天然药物海洋天然药物 Natural Products Chemistry 1、Outline3、Extract and isolation methods4、Structural elucidation methods2、BiosynthesisChapter 1 Introduction Natural Products Chemistry1、OutlineDefinition:Natural products chemistry is a subject to research the chemical constituents of natural medicinal plants on the base of modern scientific theory and methods.Contents：Structural characteristics,physicochemical properties,extract and isolation methods,and structural elucidation of the chemical constituents of all kinds of natural medicinal plants.Natural Products ChemistryResearch resource:Natural plants(major),animals,minerals,and microorganism.1、OutlineNatural medicinal plants herb medicine Natural Products Chemistry麻黄麻黄(Ephedra spp.)1、Outline Natural Products Chemistry1、Outline Natural Products Chemistry槐花米槐花米（Sophora japonica）1、Outline 1、Outline Natural Products ChemistryDevelopments in foreign countries In 1769,tartar(potassium hydrogen tartrate)was transferred to calcium salt and decomposed in sulphuric acid to produce tartaric acid.(K.W.Schelle,Swedish)In 1804,morphine was isolated from opium(Dorosine,French)In 1806,morphine was isolated from opium(Serturner,German)In 1810-1860,the period of alkaloid development1、Outline Natural Products ChemistrySpectroscopic analysis:NMR,MS,IR,and UV.Research methods:extract and isolation guided by bioactive scanning,structural modification,and total synthesis.1、OutlineDevelopment of nowadays Natural Products Chemistry 1、Outline3、Extract and isolation methods4、Structural elucidation methods2、BiosynthesisChapter 1 Introduction Natural Products Chemistry2、BiosynthesisCO2H2O葡萄糖代谢葡萄糖代谢磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸丙酮酸丙酮酸乙酰辅酶乙酰辅酶A丙二酸甲酰辅酶丙二酸甲酰辅酶A甲羟戊酸甲羟戊酸萜类萜类甾类甾类胡萝卜素类胡萝卜素类4-磷酸磷酸脂肪酸类脂肪酸类前列腺素类前列腺素类脂肪族及芳脂肪族及芳香族聚酮类香族聚酮类醌类醌类-氨基乙酰丙酸氨基乙酰丙酸胆碱、卟啉类胆碱、卟啉类鞣酸类鞣酸类莽草酸莽草酸苯丙素类苯丙素类芳香族氨基酸芳香族氨基酸脂肪族氨基酸脂肪族氨基酸嘌呤、嘧啶嘌呤、嘧啶核苷酸类核苷酸类肽类肽类含氮化合物含氮化合物生物碱类生物碱类黄酮类黄酮类h Natural Products ChemistryResults of biosynthesis Any kind of plant will produce some specific constituents to express their physiological and biochemical characteristics.The constituents of some same family plants were different with the long history development,but the skeleton of which are consistent,only the side chain was isomerized.The constituents indicated the developing direction of some family plants in the biosynthetic recycle system.Similar relative plants possess similar constituents.2、Biosynthesis Natural Products ChemistryThe similar structure components maybe originate from the same precursor in biosynthesis,which provide a direction to study plant chemical category and find new natural medicinal plant resource.For example:C5 is the basic skeleton in terpenoids,which exhibit the same biosynthetic route in terpenoids-isoprene rule.2、BiosynthesisH2CCHCH2H3C Natural Products ChemistryBasic structure unit C2 unit(acetic acid):fatty acid,phenol,benzoquinone.C5 unit(isoprene):terpenoids and steroids.C6-C3 unit:coumarin and lignan,which belong to phenylpropanoids.Amino acid unit:Alkaloids.Composite unit:Constructed by the above units.2、Biosynthesis Natural Products ChemistryBiosynthetic pathways In natural products chemistry field,many researchers noticed the relationship between the structures of natural compounds.Accordingly,they hand in the hypothesis of biosynthesis,some of which were certified by isotopic label experiments.We called these as biosynthetic pathways:Acetate-malonate pathway(AA-MA,醋酸-丙二酸途径)Mevalonic acid pathway(MVA,甲戊二羟酸途径)Cinnamic acid and shikimic acid pathways(桂皮酸及莽草酸途径)Amino acid pathway(氨基酸途径)Composite pathway(复合途径)2、Biosynthesis Natural Products ChemistryAcetate-malonate pathway(AA-MA,醋酸醋酸-丙二酸途径丙二酸途径)乙酰辅酶乙酰辅酶A丙二酸单酰辅酶丙二酸单酰辅酶A还原还原NADPHNADP缩合缩合+CH2COOHCOACPNADPHNADPCH3(CH2)nCOOH（脂肪酸）（脂肪酸）酚类和蒽酚类和蒽醌类醌类缩合缩合 Natural Products Chemistry 1、Outline3、Extract and isolation methods4、Structural elucidation methods2、BiosynthesisChapter 1 Introduction Natural Products ChemistrySummary1、The definition and research contents of this subject.2、Modern techniques used in natural products research.3、Four different biosynthesis pathways.Natural Products ChemistryProblems1、What are the definition and research contents of Natural Products Chemistry?Natural Products Chemistry1.杨世林杨世林,天然药物化学天然药物化学M,2010,科学出版社科学出版社.2.Paul M Dewick,Medicinal Natural Products M,1998,Wiley.3.Journal of Natural Products J.4.Bioorganic&Medicinal Chemistry Letters J.5.Tetrahedron Letters J.6.Tetrahedron J.7.Heterocycles J.8.中国药学杂志中国药学杂志J.9.中草药中草药J.References for Natural Products Chemistry Natural Products ChemistryPreview points for the next class Extract and isolation methods1、Extract methods of natural products2、isolation methods3、Polarity of some organic solvents