新概念件.pptx

Page 2将来完成时 will have done.n将来进行时除了表示最近或不久的将来正在进行的动作外，将来进行时除了表示最近或不久的将来正在进行的动作外，还可以表示计划或安排好的事：还可以表示计划或安排好的事：n A great many people will be visiting the country.n将来完成时用于表示到将来某一时刻已经完成的动作。将来将来完成时用于表示到将来某一时刻已经完成的动作。将来完成时由完成时由will have+过去分词构成。它常与过去分词构成。它常与by和和nottill/until+表示时间的名词连用。表示时间的名词连用。n I hope theyll have finished it in time for the journey.n I expect you will have changed your mind by tomorrow.nI will have finished it until/till tomorrow.现在完成式现在完成式:到现在某一点时间为止到现在某一点时间为止过去完成式过去完成式:到过去某一点时间为止到过去某一点时间为止将来完成式将来完成式:到将来某一点时间为止到将来某一点时间为止,某个动作已经发生某个动作已经发生Page 4snowflakes,temperature,snow,frost,snowballs,hail,wind ice.1.When there is cold weather,the _is often low.2.Sometimes a cold _blows.3.When it is very cold,water freezes and turns into_4.When the ground is covered in ice,we can say there is_5.When it is cold rain freezes and balls of ice fall from the sky.This is_.6.Soft white bits of water can also fall.This is_.7.The snowflakes fall and cover the ground with white_8.You can put the snow together to make _Page 5根据所给的汉语意思写出单词，并用其正确形式填空。根据所给的汉语意思写出单词，并用其正确形式填空。n1.He _(抱怨抱怨)to me about the food yesterday.n2.That boy is crying _(不断地不断地).n3.She sat in the garden enjoying the _(阳光阳光).n4.We go there every day _(除了除了)Sunday.n5.It is _(刺骨地刺骨地)cold today.n6.She _(做梦做梦)that she could fly last night.n7.My father will _(退休退休)next year.n8.My legs were so weak that I could _(几乎不几乎不)stand.springsummerautumnwinterwarmhotcoolcoldWhats the weather like in?Its in .How is the weather in your country today?MoscowBeijingTorontoBostonShanghaiDIFFERENT CITIES,DIFFERENT WEATHERHarbinShanghaiHangzhouBeijingKunmingLatitude(纬度纬度)What causes the different weather in different places?How is the weather in London?Where is London?Lets talk!How is the weather in England?The Southern HemisphereChinaAustraliaEnglandUSAThe Northern HemisphereWhatistheweatherlikeinEngland?Inspring:Mild（温和的）,dryandsunny.Rainy,cloudyandwarm.Insummer:Dry,cloudyandcool.Rainandshowers.Inautumn:Dry,sunny.Fogearlyandlate.Inwinter:Strongwinds,heavyrain.Snow,cold.Thebestseasonsarespringandsummer.Thenearerthesummer,thewarmerthesunshines.Itswarmer.Thenearerthewinter,thecolderthedaysare.Inwintertheyhaveallkindsofweather.Sometimesitrainsandsometimesitsnowsheavily,andtheyalsohavefogandfrost（霜）.ThetwoworstmonthsinEnglandareJanuaryandFebruary.Theyhavemanycoldwetdaysoneafteranother.1.Where had Harrison spent many years before he returned to England?2.What did he complain about after he bought a house?3.What did he do in England?L38Everything except the weatherPage 21New words and expressions:except prep 除了 bitterly ad.刺骨的sunshine n.阳光Mediterranean n.地中海complain v.抱怨continually ad.不断的Page 22单词解析：1.except prep 除了 except、except for和apart from的使用区别。在句首时，我们常用except for和apart from。第14课 except 表示“除外，(其余都)”指同一类事物的总体中除去一部分。如：He gets up early everyday except Sunday.除星期天外，他每天早起。except for：它的宾语与前述对象完全是两回事。例如：The room was very cold and,except for Jack,entirely empty.这个房间很阴冷，而且除了杰克，完全是空荡荡的。apart from 在同类或不同类都能用 Apart from this letter,I know nothing.Page 232.Mediterranean n.地中海 the-3.Complain plain to sb.向某人抱怨Dont complain to anyone when you make plain of/about sth to sb 向某人抱怨某事Complain about和complain of：Complain about多用于对你不满意的事情“抱怨”而complain of多用于“由于生病或是身体某一部分不适、疼痛”的抱怨。Page 24比如：She often complains about not feelingappreciated at work.pri:iet她常抱怨工作上不受赏识。Hes been complaining of headaches recently.他最近一直在抱怨头疼的厉害。Page 254.【continual(ly)&continuous(ly)】a)continuously 指“连续不断的”，中间没有停顿或间歇：The river flows under this bridge continuously.河水在这座桥下滔滔不绝地流着。b)continually 表示“反复的”、“常常的”，中间有短暂的间歇，常用来修饰不好的或令人讨厌的事情：It rained continually.天老下雨。Continual interruption 接二连三的打搅。Page 265.bitterly adv bitter adja.生气、沮丧 They are very bitter about losing the jobs.对于失去工作他们感到非常的生气。b.苦的 The medicine tasted bitter.那药尝起来是苦的。c.表示“令人不舒服的冷、刺骨的冷”。课文中bitterly cold是“副词形容词”的用法，同样是表示“非常冷、令人不舒服的冷、刺骨的冷”的意思。bitterly disappointed 彻底的失望Page 276.sunshine n.a drop of sunshine一缕阳光 Shes always like a drop of sunshine.Page 28My old friend,Harrison,had lived in the Mediterranean for many years before he returned to England.我的老朋友哈里森在回到英国以前曾多年居住在地中海地区。He had often dreamed of retiring in England andhad planned to settle down in the country.过去他常幻想退休后到英国，并计划在乡间安顿下来。He had no sooner returned than he bought a house and went to live there.他刚一回到英国便买下了一幢房子住了进去。Page 29Almost immediately he began to complain about the weather,for even though it was still summer,it rained continually and it was often bitterly cold.但 紧接着他就开始抱怨那里的天气了。因为即使那时仍为夏季，但雨总是下个不停，而且常常冷得厉害。After so many years of sunshine,Harrison got a shock.He acted as if he had never lived in England before.In the end,it was more than he could bear.在阳光下生活了那么多年的哈里森对此感到惊奇。他的举动就 好像他从未在英国生活过一样。最后，他再也忍受不住，Page 30还没等安顿下来就卖掉了房子，离开了这个国家。The dream he had had for so many years ended there.Harrison had thought of everything except the weather.他多年来的幻想从此破灭。哈里森把每件事情都考虑到 了，唯独没想到天气。He had hardly had time to settle down when he sold the house and left the country.Page 311.Myoldfriend,Harrison,hadlivedintheMediterraneanformanyyearsbeforehereturnedtoEngland.theMediterranean：地中海在14课的语法中，我们给大家介绍了和“过去完成时”连用的一些介词，比如：after，as soon as，notuntil，而我们这课的语法重点也是“过去完成时”。在这个句子中，我们使用了before来和“过去完成时”连用，表达“过去的过去”概念。“he returned to England”已经是“过去”了，那么before这个“过去”的话，就是“过去的过去”了。Page 322.He had often dreamed of retiring in England and had planned to settle down in the country.Dream of是使用dream做动词时常用的固定搭配，表示“梦想、幻想、向往”。He has always dreamed of becoming a poem.他一直梦想着成为一名诗人。Settle down是个固定短语，表示“定居”、“安顿”。比如：They settled down in Australia in 1988.他们1988年在澳大利亚定居了。【country&countryside】a)country用作可数名词时，表示“国家”；country用作不可数名词时，表示“城镇四周的土地”，即“乡间、乡下”，经常用于in the country的短语中：Page 33 China is a large country.He had planned to settle down in the countryb)在表示“乡村，乡下”的意思时，countryside与country相同，但countryside强调景色；另外，如果没有明确的上下文，选用 countryside更稳妥：vienThe countryside around Vienna is very beautiful.I sat in the front of the bus to get a good view Page 34 3.He had no sooner returned than he bought a house and went to live there.这句话中，我们要学习一个非常重要的和“过去完成时”连用的结构“no soonerthan”。和“as soon as”是一样的，都是表示“一就”。还有下面我们要讲的“hardlywhen”结构，都是和“过去完成时”连用的。具体的使用我们在下面和“hardlywhen”一起讲。no sooner.than:(关联词)一.就.同义as soon as,the moment,on doinghad no sooner done.than一般过去时,固定用法(时态结构:完成时态+than+一般过去时)他一回来就冲着我大叫。he had no sooner arrived than he shouted at me.Page 364.Almost immediately he began to complain about the weather,for even though it was still summer,it rained continually and it was often bitterly cold.For在这里为连词，意思是“因为”。它与because不同，不能用于Even though引导的是让步状语从句，表示“即使”、“虽然”。也可以写“though”，不过even though语气要强多了。continual ly表示“反复的”、“常常的”，中间有短暂的间歇，常用来修饰不好的或令人讨厌的事情：Page 375.After so many years of sunshine,Harrison got a shock.Get a shock：感到“惊奇、震惊”。在阳光下生活了那么多年的Harrison对此感到惊奇。Page 386.He acted as if he had never lived in England before.As if 表示“象一样”。常用来引导表示方式的状语从句。As if也可以用as though代替，意思是一样的。在用法上，as if/as though后面句子的时态有两种，一种是陈述式。一种是虚拟式（一般是在陈述式基础上将助动词变成过去式形式。）Page 39As if/as though后面的句子如果是陈述式的话，表示从某种迹象看，所表达的事情是真实的，或是可能发生的。比如：It looks as if its going to rain.看上去天好象要下雨。As if/as though后面的句子如果是虚拟式的话，所表达的事情是不真实的或与已知事实相反的。比如：She acted as if she were mad.（她并没有真正的疯）Page 40由此，我们来比较这么两个句子：Hewalksasifheisdrunk.（表示从他的走路姿势来判断，他是醉了。）Hewalksasifheweredrunk.（表示他根本没有喝酒，这里只是一个假设）所以，课文中“as if he had never lived in England before”用的就是虚拟式，所以使用了“have never lived”的过去式“had never lived”。表示Harrison其实以前是住在英国的。Page 418.He had hardly had time to settle down when he sold the house and left the country.n句中使用了“hardlywhen”结构。这里我们结合“no soonerthan”一起来讲：n【no soonerthan&hardlywhen】的用法：n 1)这两个句型意思相同，都表示“一就”“刚就”，经常同过去完成时态连用：nHe had no sooner returned than he bought a house.nHe had hardly returned when he bought a house.Page 422)它们可以引导倒装，把助动词提到主语前：Hardly had I started my supper when I heard a knock on the door.No sooner Had I started my supper than I heard a knock on the door.3)as soon as 可与一般现在时连用，而hardlywhen 与 no soonerthan则通常与过去完成连用，几乎不与一般现在时连用：Assoonashehadreturned,heboughtahouse.Assoonashereturns,hellbuyahouse.1.return=come back/turn back/give back2.dream of doing sth./make a dream3.settle down in the country/in the countryside4.no soonerthan/hardly plain to sb.about sth.6.for,because,since,as,so7.even though,though,but,although8.act,actor,actress,action,activity9.as if10.In the end=at last=finally11.bear=stand12.think of/think about/think over13.except,except for,besides,but14.过去完成时过去完成时 had+done