(英语) 英语阅读理解专题练习(及答案)含解析.pdf

英语）（英语）英语阅读理解专题练习英语阅读理解专题练习(及答案及答案)含解析含解析一、高中英语阅读理解一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解 What Theresa Loe is doing proves that a large farm isnt a prerequisite for a modern grow-your-own lifestyle.On a mere 1/10 of an acre in Los Angeles,Loe and her family grow,can(装罐)andpreserve much of the food they consume.Loe is a master food preserver,gardener and canning expert.She also operates a website,where she shares her tips and recipes,with the goal of demonstrating that everyone has theability to control whats on their plate.Loe initially went to school to become an engineer,but she quickly learned that her enthusiasmwas mainly about growing and preparing her own food.“got into cooking my own food andstarted growing my own herbs(香草)and foods for that fresh flavor,”she said.Engineer by day,Loe learned cooking at night school.She ultimately purchased a small piece of land with herhusband and began growing their own foods.“I teach people how to live farm-fresh without a farm,”Loe said.Through her website Loeemphasizes that anybody can do this anywhere.”Got an apartment with a balcony(阳台)?Plantsome herbs.A window?Perfect spot for growing.Start with herbs,she recommends,because“theyre very forgiving.”Just a little of the herbs“can take your regular cooki ng to a whole newlevel,”she added.“I think its a great place to start.”Then?Try growing something from a seed,she said,like a tomato or some tea.Canning is a natural extension of the planting she does.With every planted food,Loe noted,theres a moment when its bursting with its absolute peak flavor.“I try and keep it in a timecapsule in a canning jar,”Loe said.“Canning for me is about knowing whats in your food,knowing where it comes from.”In addition to being more in touch with the food shes eating,another joy comes from passingthis knowledge and this desire for good food to her children:“Influencing them and telling themyour opinion on not only being careful what we eat but understanding the bigger picture,”shesaid,“thatif we dont take care of the earth,no one will.”（1）The underlined word“prerequisite”(Para.1)is closest in meaning to“”.A.recipe B.substitute C.requirement D.challenge（2）Why does Loe suggest starting with herbs?A.They are used daily.B.They are easy to grow.C.They can grow very tall.D.They can be eaten uncooked.（3）According to Loe,what is the benefit of canning her planted foods?A.It can preserve their best flavor.B.It can promote her online sales.C.It can better her cooking skills.D.It can improve their nutrition.（4）What is the“the bigger picture”(Para.6)that Loe wishes her children to understand?A.The knowledge about good food.B.The way to live a grow-our-own life.C.The joy of getting in touch with foods.D.The responsibility to protect our earth【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个名叫 Loe 的女性的故事。Loe 是“自己种植”现代生活方式的实践者，她热衷于自己种植香草和味道新鲜的食物，并将食物装入密封罐中保持以保持最佳的风味，更想通过自己的举动影响孩子们，让他们意识到保护地球的责任。(1)考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“On a mere 1/10 of an acre and preserve much of thefood they consume”可知面积并不是硬要求。Loe 在那里所做的一切证明，一个大农场对“自己种植”现代生活方式来说并不是一个硬要求。故选C。(2)考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Start with herbs Just a little of the herbs”可知香草很容易生长。故选 B。(3)考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“there is a moment when its bursting with its absolute peakflavor.I try to keep it in a time capsule in a canning jar,”可知将种植的事物装入密封罐中保存的好处是能够保持最佳的风味。故选A。(4)考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的“that if we dont take care of the earth,no one will”可知the bigger picture 指的是保护地球的责任。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和词义猜测两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行推理归纳，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 Dogs love to get out and stretch their legs,which not only helps to keep them in shape,butenables them to keep the extra pounds off.Pet hiking has been popular recently,getting dogs offthe sidewalk.Three years ago,Denver resident Brittany Redding was stressed out,working 60 hours a weekwhile studying in graduate school full-time.The only thing that helped was taking her four dogshiking.Thats when it hit me that I should do that as a job.she says.After graduating in June2016,she founded Take a Hike.Her company,like a number of others around the country,takesdogs to explore beyond the neighborhood.Before taking on the tracks,Brittany meets with each dog and his or her owner to get a senseof the pets character.Then she schedules a meet-and-greet with other dogs that will join thehike to be sure to match their personalities.Each hiking is about two hours long and includestransportation to and from the track for around$70 per outing.Hiking allows dogs lo meet newfriends and explore new tracks,smells,and wildlife,she explains.Michael Mizenko thinks sending his pet,Ajax,on weekly hikes with Take a Hike has made Ajax ahappier dog.Over the past two years,hiking has taught Ajax how to stay off pavement,be moresocial and remain calm in the car.It has made him a flexible easygoing guy.Michael says.（1）Why has pet hiking been popular in these days?A.Dogs strongly desire their owners to go hiking.B.Animal health specialists recommend people to do it.C.It is beneficial for pets shape and health.D.The owners house is not big enough for dogs.（2）What is the second paragraph mainly talking about?A.Why Brittany founded Take a Hike.B.How hard the study life of Brittany was.C.Take a Hike is very popular in the neighborhood.D.Dog hiking has brought great enjoyment to Brittany.（3）What does Brittany want to make sure before taking her customers dogs to go hiking?A.The distance of the track.B.The character of each dog.C.The environment of the track.D.The emotions of both dogs and their owners.（4）How often does Michael Mizenko send his pet to hike with Take a Hike?A.Every day.B.Once a week.C.Twice a week.D.Every other week.【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）B（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，宠物徒步旅行变得很流行，这对宠物的身形和健康有好处。丹佛居民 Brittany Redding 创立了 Take a Hike 公司，专门负责带着宠物狗去徒步旅行。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Dogs love to get out and stretch their legs,which notonly helps to keep them in shape,but enables them to keep the extra pounds off.Pet hiking hasbeen popular recently,getting dogs off the sidewalk.”狗喜欢到外面伸展腿部，这不仅有助于保持体形，还可以减少多余的体重。因此带宠物徒步旅行变得很流行的原因在于它对宠物的身形和健康有好处。故选C。（2）考查段落大意。根据第二段“Three years ago,Denver resident Brittany Redding wasstressed out,working 60 hours a week while studying in graduate school full-time.The only thingthat helped was taking her four dogs hiking.Thats when it hit me that I should do that as a job.she ways.After graduating in June 2016,she founded Take a Hike.Her company,like a number ofothers around the country,takes dogs to explore beyond the neighborhood.”可知，三年前丹佛居民 Brittany Redding 在全日制研究生院学习的同时每周还要工作 60 个小时，这使她感到压力重重。只有一件事能够让她感到放松：带她的四只狗徒步旅行。就在那时她想到她应该把带狗徒步旅行当作自己的工作。于是 2016 年 6 月毕业后，她创立了 Take a Hike 公司。因此第二段主要谈论的是Brittany Redding创立 Take a Hike公司的原因。故选 A。（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Before taking on the tracks,Brittany meets with eachdog and his or her owner to get a sense of the pets character.”可知，在开始徒步旅行之前，Brittany 与每只狗及其主人见面以了解宠物的性格。即 Brittany 要在带上顾客的狗去远足之前了解每只狗的性格。故选B。（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Michael Mizenko thinks sending his pet,Ajax,onweekly hikes with Take a Hike has made Ajax a happier dog.”可知，Michael Mizenko 认为，每周一次的徒步旅行使他的宠物 Ajax 变得更快乐。因此 Michael Mizenko 每周将宠物送到Take a Hike公司参加一次徒步旅行。故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 Paying a higher price than usual for a ticket to see a film in 3D is the annoyance of many acinema-goers life.But there may be a benefit to doing so,as a study has found that 3D films exercise the brainand improve short-term functioning in a similar way to brain-training tests.The research found that people who watched a movie in 3D improved cognitive(认知)skills,compared to those who watched it in 2D.The research was led by neuroscientist(神经学家)Dr Patrick Fagan from Goldsmiths Universityin London.More than 100 people took part in the experiment,where participants watchedDisney film Big Hero 6 in either standard format or RealD 3D.They also carried out a brain-training-style test before and after seeing a section from the film.The test covered memory,reaction times and cognitive function and the results were comparedlater.According to the research,which was carried out in partnership with science group ThrillLaboratory,participants experienced a 23 percent increase in cognitive processing,as well as an11 percent increase in reaction times.Dr Fagan said that the results showed enough of an improvement in brain function to suggestthat 3D could play a part in improving brain power in the future.These findings are more significant than you might think,he said.It is a fact that people areliving longer and there is a noticeable decline in cognitive brain function in old age which canworsen future quality of life.There has never been a better time to look at ways to improve brainfunction.The initial results of this study show that 3D films may potentially play a role in slowingthis decline.A second part of the experiment involved those watching the film being fitted with headsetsthat scanned brain activity and this too showed heightened(加强的)activity when watching 3D.According to the results,participants were seven percent more engaged with what they werewatching,adding to argument that 3D movies are more like watching real-lifesomethingProfessor Brendan Walker from Thrill Laboratory agreed with.As Professor Brendan Walkers test concluded,3D films are more attractive and heighten thesenses this,in turn,makes the brain run at quicker speeds,Dr Fagan said.（1）According to the research,people watching a movie in 3D _.A.have a good exercise for their brainB.lose their short memory of its plotsC.are willing to pay a high price for tickets D.react the same way as those watching it in 2D（2）What can be learned from the research?A.Watching 2D films limits brain function.B.3D would be a contributing factor in improving brain power.C.The test was carried out after the whole film was viewed.D.The participants took the brain-training-style test once.（3）Paragraph 8 is mainly about _.A.the application of 3DB.the disadvantages of 2D filmsC.the change in brain function D.the significance of the study（4）The text is most likely to appear in _.A.a sports newspaper B.a biology textbook C.a science magazine D.a film review【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】本文介绍 3D 电影对人的大脑的益处。(1)细节理解题。根据第二段as a study has found that 3D films exercise the brain and improveshort-term functioning in a similar way to brain-training tests.可知，看 3D 电影能锻炼大脑。故选 A。(2)推理判断题。根据第二段But there may be a benefit to doing so,as a study has found that3D films exercise the brain and improve short-term functioning in a similar way to brain-trainingtests.可知，3D 电影是一个促进大脑力量的因素。故选B。(3)段落大意题。根据第八段第一句These findings are more significant than you might think（这些发现比你想象的更重要）可知，选D。(4)推理判断题。3D 电影是高科技产品，所以这篇文章最有可能出现在科学杂志上，故选C。4阅读理解Anxiety has now surpassed depression as the most common mental health disease amongcollege students,though depression,too,is on the rise.More than half of students visitingcampus clinics cite anxiety as a health concern,according to a recent study of more than 100,000students nationwide by the Center for Collegiate Mental Health at Penn State.Nearly one in sixcollege students has been diagnosed with or treated for anxiety within the last 12 months,according to the annual national survey by the American College Health Association.The causes range widely,experts say,from mounting academic pressure at earlier ages tooverprotective parents to engagement with social media.Anxiety has always played a role in thedevelopment of a students lifebut now more students experience anxiety so acute that they areseeking professional help.Like many college clinics,the Center for Counseling and PsychologicalServices at the University of Central Florida(UCF)one of the countrys largest and fastest-growing universities,has seen sharp increases in the number of clients:15.2 percent over lastyear alone.Anxiety has become characteristic of the current generation of college students,said Dan Jones,the director of Counseling and Psychological Services at Appalachian State University in Boone,N.C.Because of increasingly pressures during high school,he and other experts say,students arriveat college preloaded with stress.Accustomed to extreme parental oversight,many seem unableto govern themselves.And with parents so accessible,students have had less incentive todevelop life skills.“They cant tolerate discomfort or having to struggle,”Dr Jones said.More often,anxiety is mild and temporary,the indication of a student under the control of anormal developmental issue-learning time management,for example,or how to handle rejectionfrom a sorority.Mild anxiety is often treatable with early,modest interventions.But to care forrising numbers of severely troubled students,many counseling centers have moved to triageprotocols(分诊措施).That means that students with less urgent needs may wait several weeksfor first appointments.Like many college counseling centers,UCF has designed a variety of daily workshops andtherapy groups that implicitly and explicitly address anxiety,depression and their triggers.Nextfall the center will test a new app for treating anxiety with a seven-module cognitive behavioralprogram,accessible through a students phone and augmented with brief videoconferences witha therapist.It also offers semester-long,90-minute weekly therapy groups,such as“Keeping Calmand in Control”,“Mindfulness for Depression”and“Building Social Confidence”-for studentsstruggling with social anxiety.（1）Which of the following contributes to anxiety according to the text?A.Protection from teachers.B.An app in students phones.C.Increasingly learning pressure.D.Management of time learning.（2）What does the underlined word“incentive”in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A.Prevention.B.Motivation.C.Acquisition.D.Direction.（3）Whats the purpose of those therapy groups mentioned in the last paragraph?A.To help students suffering anxiety.B.To test what social anxiety is.C.To introduce the cognitive behavioral program of UCF.D.To emphasize the importance of calm and confidence.（4）Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A.Tips on dealing with anxietyB.Causes of anxiety and depressionC.Different mental diseases threaten college studentsD.College mental health centers overburdened with anxious students【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】焦虑症已经超越抑郁症成为大学生中最常见的心理健康问题，文章分析焦虑可能产生的原因，以及某些大学为此采取的措施。（1）细节理解题。根据第二段内容 The causes range widely,experts say,from mountingacademic pressure at earlier ages to overprotective parents to engagement with social media（专家称焦虑症的原因多种多样，从早年积累下来的学业压力、家长的过度保护到对社交媒体的强迫性依赖）可知，C 项（增加的学习压力）会导致焦虑，故选C。（2）词义猜测题。根据上句内容 Accustomed to extreme parental oversight,many seemunable to govern themselves.（很多学生都习惯于父母无微不至的监督，几乎没有自制能力。）故这里递进的句子And with parents so accessible,students have had less incentive todevelop life skills.（由 于 家 长 总 在 身边，学生 们 普 遍 缺 乏学 习 独立 生 活 技 能的_。），B 项“动力”最符合语境，故划线单词意思为“动力”，选 B。（3）细节理解题。根据本段表述的内容：像许多大学的心理咨询中心一样，U.C.F.也设置了多种日常研讨会和治疗小组，以直接或间接的方式解决焦虑、抑郁问题及其触发源。明年秋天，该中心将对一种新的拥有七个模块的认知行为疗法应用程序进行测试，学生可以通过手机获取该应用，并可与治疗师进行简短的视频谈话。故这些治疗小组的目的时为了帮助那些患焦虑症的学生。故选A。（4）主旨大意题。通读全文可看出，文章介绍了焦虑症已经成为美国大学生中最常见心理问题，