(英语)初中英语阅读理解(一)解题方法和技巧及练习题及解析.pdf

（英语）初中英语阅读理解（英语）初中英语阅读理解(一一)解题方法和技巧及练习题及解析解题方法和技巧及练习题及解析一、阅读理解一、阅读理解1阅读理解 Some people think only school children do not agree with their parents,however,it is not true.Communication is a problem for parents and children of all ages.If its hard for you tocommunicate with your parents,dont worry about it.Here are some advice for you to bridge thegeneration gap（代沟）.Dont argue（争辩）with your parents.Dont get to your parents when you are angry.Yourparents probably wont consider your ideas if you are shouting at them.And you cant expressyourself well if you are angry.Go someplace to cool off.Make sure you understand why you areunhappy.Then think about what you want to say to your parents.If you dont think you canspeak to them at the moment,try writing a letter.Try to reach a compromise（和解）.Perhaps you and your parents disagree on something.You can keep your disagreement and try your best to accept each other.Michaels mother didntagree with him about buying a motorcycle.They argued over it.But they finally came to acompromise.Michael bought the motorcycle,but only drove it on certain days.Of course,your parents might refuse to compromise on something.In these situations,it isespecially important to show love and respect（尊敬）to them.Showing respect will keep yourrelationship strong.Talk about your values.The values of your parents are probably different from those of yourown.Tell your parents what you care about,and why.Understanding your values might helpthem see your purposes in life.A good relationship with your parents can make you a better and happier person.It is worthhaving a try!（1）According to the passage who have a communication problem?A.parents and other people B.only school kids and their parentsC.teachers and their students D.parents and children of all ages（2）How many pieces of advice does the writer give us to bridge the generation gap?A.5.B.4.C.3.D.2.（3）The underlined word bridge in the passage means _.A.建立 B.消除 C.通过 D.到达（4）If the values of your parents are different from those of yours,youd better _.A.argue with them B.keep away from themC.agree with them all the time D.tell your parents what you care about（5）The best title for the passage is _.A.How to bridge the generation gap B.How to deal with family problemsC.How to be good parentsD.How to be a good child【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）B（4）D（5）A【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文讲了家长和孩子之间有代沟，主要原因就是缺少沟通，当我们彼此了解了对方的观点和想法以后，就能很容易的理解对方，从而消除代沟。（1）细节理解题。根据第二段第一句Communication is a problem for parents and childrenof all ages，对于父母和所有年龄段的孩子来说，交流是个问题，可知交流是父母与孩子的问题。故选 D。（2）细节归纳题。根据整篇文章内容及其第三段第一句 Dont argue（争辩）with yourparents。不要和你的父母争论。第四段句子Try to reach a compromise（和解）。试图达成妥协。第六段句子 Talk about your values。谈论你的价值观。可知一共说了三点建议。故选C。（3）词义猜测题。根据上下文If its hard for you to communicate with your parents，dontworry about it。Here are some advice for you to bridge the generation gap（代沟）如果你很难和你的父母沟通，不要担心，这里有一些建议可以帮助你 代沟。可知作者提供的是如何消除代沟的建议，结合选项，即这里有一些建议可以帮助你消除代沟，所以 bridge 意为消除。故选 B。（4）细节理解题，根据倒数第二段句子The values of your parents are probably differentfrom those of your own。Tell your parents what you care about，and why。你父母的价值观可能与你自己的价值观不同。告诉你的父母你关心什么，为什么。可知让父母了解你的价值观，可以帮助父母更加的了解你，故选D。（5）标题归纳题。根据整篇文章内容及其第二段句子Communication is a problem forparents and children of all ages。If its hard for you to communicate with your parents，dontworry about it。Here are some advice for you to bridge the generation gap（代沟）。对于父母和所有年龄段的孩子来说，交流是个问题，如果你很难和你的父母沟通，不要担心，这里有一些建议可以帮助你消除代沟。可知本文主要介绍怎样消除代沟的建议，对消除代沟提出一些建议，故选 A。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出主题句。2阅读理解 A doctor entered the hospital hurriedly after being called in for an important surgery（外科手术）.He found the boys father in the hall waiting worriedly.On seeing him,the father cried out,Why did you take all this time to come？Dont you knowthat my son is in danger？Dont you have any sense of duty？The doctor smiled and said,I am sorry.I wasnt in the hospital and I came as fast as I couldafter receiving the call and now,I wish youd calm down so that I can do my work.Calm down？！What if your son was in this room right now？Would you calm down？If yourown son dies while waiting for a doctor,then what will you do？said the father angrily.Thedoctor smiled again and replied,We will do our best and you should also pray for your sonshealthy life.The surgery took some hours after which the doctor went out happily,Thank goodness！Yourson is saved！And without waiting for the fathers reply he carried on his way running by saying,If you have any questions,ask the nurse.Couldnt he wait some minutes so that I can ask about my sons state？shouted the fatherwhen seeing the nurse minutes after the doctor left.The nurse answered,tears coming down her face,His son died yesterday in a road accident.He was at the burial（葬礼）when we called him for your sons surgery.And now that he savedyour sons life,he left running to finish his sons burial.（1）What did the doctor do after he received the call for the surgery?A.He asked another doctor to do his duty.B.He went to the hospital as soon as possible.C.He discussed the boys state with the father.D.He waited until his sons burial was finished.（2）The father shouted at the doctor because he thought .A.he had waited too long B.no one cared for his sonC.the doctor was cold to himD.the surgery took a long time（3）Who told the truth to the father in the end？A.The doctor.B.The nurse.C.His son.D.A patient.（4）What is the best title for the text？A.Seeing is believing B.Time waits for no manC.Practice makes perfect D.Think before you decide【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）B（4）D【解析】【分析】本文讲述一个医生被医院招回来救一个孩子，他的父亲误解医生冷血，做完手术后这个父亲才明白原来医生刚刚在车祸中失去了儿子，告诉我们，宽容待人，不要武断。（1）细节题。根据 A doctor entered the hospital hurriedly after being called in for animportant surgery 一位医生在被叫去做一个重要的手术后匆忙进入医院可知，医生接到手术电话后他尽快去了医院，故选B。（2）推理题。根据 the father cried out,Why did you take all this time to come父亲喊道，“你为什么花这么长时间来？，可知父亲对医生大喊大叫，因为他认为他等得太久了，故选 A。（3）推理题。根据 The nurse answered,tears coming down her face 护士泪流满面的告诉他.，可知护士最后告诉了父亲真相，故选B。（4）主旨题。根据本文讲述一个医生被医院招回来救一个孩子，他的父亲误解医生冷血，做完手术后这个父亲才明白原来医生刚刚在车祸中失去了儿子，告诉我们，宽容待人，不要武断，可知 Think before you decide适合做标题，故选 D。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。3阅读理解 Roald Dahl was one of the most successful writers of childrens books.He sold millions of booksall over the world.Many of his books have been made into films and videos.He is so famous thatthere is even a Roald Dahl Museum you can visit.Roald Dahl was born in 1916 in Wales,Britain.His father was rich but he died when Roald wasvery young.Roald and his mother lived a hard life.He had to leave school and went to Africawhere he worked for an oil company.In 1939,Roald became a pilot,but he had a bad accident.It made him limp（瘸的）for therest of his life.After this,Roald went to America where he wrote a story about his experience as apilot.It was so good that it was put in a magazine.Roald married an American film star.They bought a house in England and had five children.From 1960 to 1965,：Theo,one of his children,was hit by a taxi and was seriously hurt.Oliva,one of Roalds daughters,died of a strange illness.Soon after this,his wife also had a seriousillness.It took her years to get completely better.Gradually Roald became more and more successful.He always did his writing in an old shed（棚）at the back of his house.He always sat in the same old armchair with a wooden board onhis lap.One of the nice things about being a writer,he once said,is that all you need is what youvegot in your head and a pencil and a bit of paper.In 1983 Roald won a big prize for his book The BFG.During his life,Roald wrote many famousbooks,such as Charlie and the Chocolate Factory,Matilda,Fantastic Mr Fox.After he died in 1990,Roald left money to help people with serious illness and those withproblems with reading and writing.（1）Roald Dahl was famous as a（n）.A.doctorB.teacherC.actorD.writer（2）After Roald went to America,he .A.lost his parents in a plane accidentB.wrote a story about his pilot experienceC.got married with an English film starD.won a big prize for his book Matilda（3）Which of the following is the best for the blank in Paragraph 4?A.they lived a happy lifeB.three terrible things happenedC.he went on writing booksD.he created some unlucky characters（4）What Roald said in Paragragh 6 mainly shows that .A.being a writer was a popular job at that timeB.one needs to practise a lot if he wants to be a writerC.Roald loved writing very much and was talented in itD.though he was successful,Roald lived a simple life【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】主要讲了罗尔德达尔是最成功的儿童读物作家之一。他在全世界卖了几百万本书。他的许多书都被拍成了电影和录像带。（1）细节题。根据 Roald Dahl was one of the most successful writers of childrens books.可知是成功的儿童读物作家之一，故选D。（2）细节题。根据 After this,Roald went to America where he wrote a story about hisexperience as a pilot.可知 Roald 去了美国后写了一部关于飞行员经历的故事，故选B。（3）细节题。根据后文 Theo,one of his children,was hit by a taxi and was seriously hurt.Oliva,one of Roalds daughters,died of a strange illness.Soon after this,his wife also had aserious illness.It took her years to get completely better.他的一个孩子西奥被出租车撞了，伤得很重。奥利瓦，罗尔德的一个女儿，死于一种奇怪的疾病。不久之后，他的妻子也得了重病。她花了很多年才完全康复，可知讲的是3 个可怕的事情发生了，故选B。（4）细节题。根据One of the nice things about being a writer,he once said,is that all youneed is what youve got in your head and a pencil and a bit of paper.可知“作为一个作家的好处之一，”他曾经说，“就是你所需要的就是你脑子里的东西，一支铅笔和一张纸，即Roald非常喜欢写作，并且在写作方面有天赋，故选C。【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。4阅读理解 Do you enjoy novels?The best sellers of the year are waiting for you in our bookstore!The Longest Night This is William Smiths last book in his life.William became a writer after teaching English for afew years.Susan is a nurse in southern England.There she works in a small hospital.One day a baby is soill that Susan has to drive all night to get her to the nearest big city.They have a lot of problemsgetting there and when they reach the hospital No Pains No Gains（收获）This exciting story is Emma Browns twentieth.No Pains No Gains is about Harry,who works with his father,a carpenter,in Philippines.Theywork long,hard hours making tables and chairs,but they do not have any money.Then one day aman dressed all in black buys the most beautiful table in the shop and.Hospital or Cinema?Elizabeth Beckman,who studies English in Sydney,wrote this story earlier this year.Betty is a young and beautiful Brazilian（巴西的）woman.Her dream is to become a doctor.She goes to Sydney to study English and medicine but one day she meets a man who asks her togo to the US with him to become a film star.What will Betty do?（1）After we read this,we know that this is _.A.apiece of newsB.an adC.a diaryD.a menu（2）The Longest Night is about _.A.William Smiths lifeB.William Smiths last bookC.William Smiths jobD.the nurse Susan and a sick baby（3）From the title No Pains No Gains,we may know that Harry _ at last.A.has made a success B.is still poorC.doesnt have to work hard D.has killed the man in black（4）Whats the meaning of the word carpenter?A.A shop owner.B.A businessman.C.A hard-working man.D.A person who makes wooden things（5）Which of the following is TRUE?A.William Smith is still alive.B.Emma is twenty years old.C.Susan had taught English for two years.D.Elizabeth wrote Hospital or Cinema?years ago.【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）A（4）D（5）B【解析】【分析】主要讲了书店里今年最畅销的小说的广告。（1）细节题。根据 Do you enjoy novels?The best sellers of the year are waiting for you in ourbookstore!你喜欢小说吗？今年的畅销书在我们书店等着你，可知是书店的一则广告，即ad，故选 B。（2）细节题。根据 The Longest Night Susan is a nurse in southern England.There she works ina small hospital.One day a baby is so ill that Susan has to drive all night to get her to the nearestbig city.苏珊是英国南部的护士。她在一家小医院工作。有一天，一个婴儿病得很厉害，苏珊不得不开一整晚的车把她送到最近的大城市，可知是护士Susan 和生病的男孩间的故事，故选 D。（3）细节题。根据 No Pains No Gains（收获）Then one day a man dressed all in black buysthe most beautiful table in the shop and.有一天，一个穿黑衣服的男人买了店里最漂亮的桌子，可知 Harry 最后成功了，故选 A。（4）细节题。根据后句 They work long,hard hours making tables and chairs可知他们工作很长时间制作桌椅，所以 carpenter 意思是制作木头家具的人，故选D。（5）细节题。根据 This exciting story is Emma Browns twentieth.可知 Emma 20 岁了，故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。5阅读理解 Good food photography（摄影）makes the food look fresh,so many dishes havestand-ins（替身）,just as movie stars do.When I get my lights and camera set up,I remove the stand-inand put in the real thing,explains Ray Webber,who photographs food for magazineadvertisements.Sometimes I have to brush the food with its juices because it may have driedout a bit.And when Im shooting（拍摄）something like tomatoes,I always carry an atomizer（喷雾器）of water to spray（喷洒）them with dew（水珠）just before I shoot.Shooting food outdoors has special problems.Im always worrying about flies or worms（虫）coming up the glass,Webber explains.I am also worried that someday a dog will comeup from behind and run off with the food.Once Webber was shooting a piece of cheeseoutdoors and needed something to add to its colour.Finally he found a plant with lovely blueflowers.When the photo appeared,several people were horrified（惊骇的）,because the plantwas Deadly NightShade（颠茄，有毒）.（1）According to the article,both movie stars and some food to be photographed .A.appear on sets（舞台）B.need stand-insC.look better in soft light D.all of the above（2）Food probably looks best in photographs if it has been .A.sprayed some water B.kept warm C.salted properly D.cooked thoroughly（3）As for outdoor photography,Webber mentions .A.lighting B.worms C.wind D.both A and B（4）Webber is afraid that dogs might .A.bark while he is shootingB.get into his picturesC.steal the foodD.upset（打翻）his camera【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要介绍了摄影师 Ray Webber拍照的一些方法。（1）细节理解题。根据第一段 Good food photography（摄影）makes the food look fresh,so many dishes have stand-ins（替身）,just as movie stars do.可知，电影明星和一些食物摄影都需要替身。故选 B。（2）细节理解题。根据第一段 And when Im shooting（拍摄）something like tomatoes,Ialways carry an atomizer（喷雾器）of water to spray（喷洒）them with dew（水珠）justbefore I shoot.可知，食物在拍摄之前喷洒上一些水，可能看起来最好。故选A。（3）细节理解题。根据第二段 Im always worrying about flies or worms（虫）coming upthe glass.可知，在提到户外摄影的时候，Webber提到他担心虫子从草那上来。故选B。（4）细节理解题。根据第二段 I am also worried that someday a dog will come up frombehind and run off with the food.我同样也担心某天一只狗会从后面出现，带着食物跑了，可知他担心狗偷走食物。故选C。【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题要注意从文中寻找答案。6阅读理解 Two men were going through a forest.I am afraid,said one,that we may meet with wild animals.Fear nothing,friend Quickwit,cried the other,whose name was Braggart,If they come at us,we shall stand by one another likemen.I have a strong arm,a strong heart,and Hark!cried the first in fear,as a low sound was heard from somewhere nearby,Braggart,whowas light and nimble,climbed up a tree like a squirrel（松鼠）,leaving his friend,who was notso active,to face the danger alone!Quickwit could do nothing but throw himself on the groundand pretended（假装）to be dead;for he had heard that bears would never touch a dead body.In no time the bear camp up to him,sniffed（用鼻子吸气）at him.Quickwit did not dare tomove;and the bear,thinking him dead,went off into the wood again,leaving him quiteunharmed!When Braggart saw that the danger was over,he came down from the tree and tried to pass offthe matter