2023版高考英语二轮复习高考题型重组练二.doc

高考题型重组练(二)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
[2023·黑龙江省质量检测]“If you are cold, it will warm you; if you are too heated, it will cool you; if you are depressed, it will cheer you; if you are exhausted, it will calm you.〞 The poem best identifies the passion for tea in Britain. Outside of the United Kingdom, many people refer to afternoon tea as “high tea〞. Afternoon tea, also known as low tea, is what most people think of when they hear “high tea〞. It involves things like manners, lace (蕾丝) and light meals such as cookies and finger sandwiches. It is typically served in the mid­afternoon and it was traditionally served on low tables, hence its two names.
Legend has it that afternoon tea was started in the mid­1800s by the Duchess of Bedford. Around that time, kerosene (煤油) lamps were introduced into wealthier homes and eating a late dinner (around 8 or 9 p．m.) became fashionable. This increasingly late dinner was one of the only two meals each day, and the other was a mid­morning one. The story goes that the Duchess found herself with a “sinking feeling〞. This came from hunger during the long wait between meals. She decided to invite friends over for various snacks and tea. The idea of an afternoon tea gathering spread across high society and became a favorite pastime of females for leisure. Later, it spread to other social groups.
However, the British working population did not have afternoon tea. They had a meal about midday, and a meal after work, between five and seven o'clock. This meal was called “high tea〞 or just “tea〞. Traditionally eaten early evening, high tea was a substantial meal that combined delicious sweet food, such as cookies, cakes or tea bread, with heavy food, such as cheese on toast, cold meats and poached eggs on toast. This meal is now often replaced with a supper due to people eating their main meal in the evening rather than at midday.
体裁：说明文　题材：社会文化　主题：英国的下午茶
【语篇解读】　本文用一首诗歌引出话题，然后通过传说介绍了英国下午茶的来历。比拟正式的下午茶除了有许多好吃的东西之外，在礼节和服饰方面也有一定的风俗习惯。
1．What is the author's purpose of using a poem at the beginning of the passage?
A．To introduce a topic.
B．To present a puzzle.
C．To describe the phenomenon.
D．To clarify his writing purpose.
答案与解析：A　考查推理判断。本文作者在开头引用了一首诗歌，联系诗歌后面的“The poem best identifies the passion for tea in Britain.〞及下文的介绍可以推知，引用诗歌的目的是为了引出本文话题。应选A项。
2．What led to the appearance of afternoon tea?
A．Kerosene lamps were used at home.
B．Upper class had more free time.
C．Drinking tea makes people feel good.
D．Duchess of Bedford was influential in social circle.
答案与解析：A　考查细节理解。根据第二段第二句“Around that time, kerosene lamps were introduced into wealthier homes and eating a late dinner (around 8 or 9 p．m.) became fashionable.〞及下文内容可知，煤油灯的使用使人们的晚饭用餐时间更晚，因此人们开始在下午享用下午茶，即煤油灯的使用导致了下午茶的产生。应选A项。
3．What was the most important feature of afternoon tea in the mid­1800s?
A．Simple food and tea.
B．A ladies' social occasion.
C．Being served on low tables.
D．Serving time.
答案与解析：B　考查细节理解。根据第二段最后的“The idea of an afternoon tea gathering spread across high society and became a favorite pastime of females for leisure.〞可知，那时候女士们在闲暇时间通过下午茶消磨时间，是其最重要的一个特征。应选B项。
4．What is the best title for the text?
A．Origins of High Tea
B．Ways of Low Tea
C．Traditional Afternoon Tea
D．High Tea and Low Tea
答案与解析：D　考查主旨大意。本文主要介绍了英国下午茶的起源和开展，包括礼节、服装和食品，不同起源的下午茶被称为“high tea〞或者“low tea〞，故D项为最正确答案。
B
[2023·四川省诊断]“Hope has proved a powerful predictor of outcome in every study we've done so far，〞 said Dr. Snyder, a psychologist.
In a study with 3,920 college students, Dr. Snyder found that the level of hope among freshmen at the beginning of their first term was a more accurate predictor of their college grades than their SAT scores or their grade point averages in high school. “Students with high hope set themselves higher goals and know how to work to attain them，〞 Dr. Snyder said. “When you compare the equal learning ability and past school achievements of students, you will find that what sets them apart is hope.〞
In seeking a way to assess hope scientifically, Dr. Snyder went beyond the usual belief that hope is merely the sense that everything will turn out all right. “This idea is not concrete enough; it fails to clarify two key components of hope，〞 Dr. Snyder said. “Having hope means believing you have both the will and the way to accomplish your goals, whatever they may be.〞
Despite the wisdom in the old saying “where there's a will, there's a way〞， Dr. Snyder has found that the two are not necessarily connected. In a study of people from 18 to 70 years old, Dr. Snyder discovered: only about 40% of people were hopeful in the technical sense of believing they typically had the energy and means to accomplish their goals; about 20% of the people believed in their ability to find the means to attain their goals, but said they had little will to do so; another 20% had the opposite pattern, saying they had the energy to motivate themselves but little confidence that they would find the means; the rest had little hope at all, reporting that they typically had neither the will nor the way.
“It's not enough just to have the wish for something，〞 said Dr. Snyder. “You need the means, too. On the other hand, all the skills to solve a problem won't help without the willpower to do it.〞
体裁：说明文　题材：文化教育　主题：希望是成功的动力
【语篇解读】　心理学家通过研究发现：怀有希望的人在学习上会取得更好的结果，而怀有希望代表相信自己兼具实现目标的方法和意志。
5．What does Dr. Snyder think can best predict a freshman's academic performance?
A．His SAT scores. B．His high school grades.
C．His level of hope. D．His family background.
答案与解析：C　考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Dr. Snyder found that the level of hope among freshmen at the beginning of their first term was a more accurate predictor of their college grades〞可知，怀有希望的程度能帮助研究人员更准确地预测学生的学术成绩。应选C项。
6．What does the underlined word “concrete〞 in the third paragraph probably mean?
A．Clear. B．Pure.
C．Universal. D．Popular.
答案与解析：A　考查词义猜想。根据画线词后面的“it fails to clarify two key components of hope〞可知，这种思想没能说明希望的两个重要组成局部。由此推知，这种思想是不够“清楚明白的〞。A项意为“清楚明白的〞；B项意为“纯粹的〞；C项意为“通用的；全世界的〞；D项意为“流行的〞。应选A项。
7．What did Dr. Synder say about the old saying “where there's a will, there's a way〞？
A．It is quite realistic.
B．It is not inspiring to students.
C．It is totally wrong.
D．It is not always true in reality.
答案与解析：D　考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“... Dr. Snyder has found that the two are not necessarily connected.〞以及本段的调查数据可知，意志和方法不一定是相互联系的，也就是说，这个谚语在现实中并非总是正确的。应选D项。
8．What can be the most suitable title for the passage?
A．No Pain, No Gain
B．Hope Emerges as the Key to Success
C．Will Gets It Going
D．Where There's a Will, There's a Way
答案与解析：B　考查主旨大意。综观全文可知，学生怀有希望的程度能有效地预测学生的学术成绩，希望是成功的动力。A项意为“一分耕耘，一分收获〞；B项意为“希望是成功的关键〞；C项意为“有志者可以一切顺利〞；D项意为“有志者事竟成〞。应选B项。
【长难句分析】　In a study with 3,920 college students, Dr. Snyder found that the level of hope among freshmen at the beginning of their first term was a more accurate predictor of their college grades than their SAT scores or their grade point averages in high school.
句式分析：本句为主从复合句。Dr. Snyder found为主句；that引导宾语从句，在这个宾语从句中又包含一个than连接的比拟结构。
句意：在一个3,920名大学生(参加)的研究中，斯奈德博士发现，大一新生在第一学期开始时的希望水平比他们的学业能力倾向测验分数或高中时的平均学分绩点更能准确地预测他们的大学成绩。
Ⅱ.七选五
[2023·河南五校高三下学期联考]For most students, writing more clearly and persuasively presents a great challenge. __1__ Few of them, though, focus on filling their essays with necessary information and details, let alone organizing the information.
In order to make an essay convincing, students should know how to select the necessary information and details. __2__ Information that can help students clarify and better convey their ideas is certainly important. To figure out what this is, you should make sure you understand the theme of the essay. __3__
Suppose you were asked to write an essay describing a memorable event in your life. You should start off by thinking about the events you've experienced, and why a particular event is especially memorable to you. __4__ While writing the essay, you should constantly remind yourself that since the event must be a memorable one, you should pay attention to describing the details that make it so special.
__5__ Indeed, before you include any information in your essay, you should think about how to link reasons, examples and details together before you start writing. Only then will you be able to produce a strong and coherent (连贯的) essay.
A．But how do you know what to include?
B．Good writing is sure to leave a deep impression on the readers.
C．Through this process, you can choose a meaningful experience.
D．You can begin with a question, such as why I'm writing this essay.
E．Many can write grammatically correct sentences and choose proper words.
F．However, even if you think of good reasons and examples, you must try to organize your essay well.
G．Only after clearly understanding the topic can you choose proper reasons and examples to support your ideas.
体裁：说明文　题材：学校生活　主题：写作的要领
【语篇解读】　本文为说明文，简要阐述了一些学生如何写作的要领。
【难句分析】　Few of them, though, focus on filling their essays with necessary information and details, let alone organizing the information.
分析：本句是简单句，但是句意理解起来有一定难度。句中的though为副词，翻译为“然而，不过〞，let alone为插入语，翻译为“更不用说〞。
译文：然而，他们中很少有人关注用必要的信息和细节来写他们的文章，更不用说组织信息了。
1．答案与解析：E　根据前一句中的most students和后一句中的Few of them可知空处与students有关；根据后一句中的though(然而)可知空处与后一句形成转折关系。故E项正确。
2．答案与解析：A　前一句中的“Students should know how to select the necessary information and details〞及下文关于如何选择信息的内容与A项中的“what to include〞吻合，故A项正确。
3．答案与解析：G　根据前一句中的“you should make sure you understand the theme of the essay〞可知G项正确。
4．答案与解析：C　前一句“You should start off by thinking about the events... to you〞与C项的“this process〞吻合，故C项正确。
5．答案与解析：F　下文中的“how to link reasons, examples, and details together before you start writing〞与F项中的“organize your essay well〞吻合，故F项正确。
Ⅲ.语法填空
[2023·广东省佛山市质量监测]During the teenage years, many young people can at times be difficult to talk to. They often seem __1__ (dislike) being questioned. They may be __2__ (willing) to talk about their work in school. This is a normal __3__ (develop) at this age, though it can be very hard for parents to understand. It is part of __4__ (become) independent. They try to be adult while they are still growing up. They are usually more willing to talk if they believe that questions __5__ (ask) out of real interest and not because people are trying to check up on them.
Parents should do their best to talk to their sons and daughters __6__ their schoolwork and future plan __7__ should not push them to talk if they don't want to. As they try to be adult, __8__ (teenager) may experiment with drugs, alcohol or smoking, so parents should __9__ (careful) watch for any sign of unusual behavior __10__ may be connected with these and get help if necessary.
体裁：说明文　题材：介绍说明　主题：就青少年问题向父母提供建议
【语篇解读】　青少年可能不喜欢谈论学校的功课，这在青少年阶段是很正常的。如果他们乐意的话，父母可以和他们谈谈学习和未来的打算；但是如果他们不乐意的话，最好不要勉强另外，父母还要注意青少年常犯的一些错误。
1．答案与解析：to dislike　考查非谓语动词。seem to do sth.为固定用法，意为“似乎要做某事〞。句意为：他们似乎不喜欢被盘问。故填to dislike。
2．答案与解析：unwilling　考查词形变化。be unwilling to do sth.意为“不乐意做某事〞。句意为：他们或许不愿意谈论学校的功课。故填unwilling。
3．答案与解析：development　考查词性转换。根据空前的不定冠词a及形容词normal可知，此处需填名词。句意为：在这个年龄段这种情况很正常，尽管对父母来说这很难理解。故填development。
4．答案与解析：becoming　考查非谓语动词。根据空前的介词of可知，此处需要填名词或动名词作介词of的宾语。句意为：这种情况是变得独立的一局部。故填becoming。
5．答案与解析：are asked　考查动词的时态和语态。句意为：如果他们认为被问的问题是对方真正出于感兴趣而不是要试图监督他们，那么他们通常更愿意交谈。分析句子成分可知，that从句中缺少谓语，questions是主语，out of real interest是状语，ask与questions之间为被动关系，且此处讲述客观情况，故应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are asked。
6．答案与解析：about　考查介词。句意为：父母应该尽最大的努力和孩子们谈谈他们的学业和未来的打算，但是如果孩子们不乐意的话，也不应该逼迫他们。talk to sb. about sth.意为“和某人谈论某事〞，为固定用法。故填about。
7．答案与解析：but/yet　考查连词。句意见上一题解析。根据设空处前的should do和设空处后的should not push可知，此处含有转折含义。故填but/yet。
8．答案与解析：teenagers　考查名词单复数。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作主语。根据空前的they可知，此处需要用复数。句意为：由于青少年试图成为成年人，他们可能就会尝试毒品、酒或烟。故填teenagers。
9．答案与解析：carefully　考查词性转换。此处watch for是动词短语，应用副词修饰。故填carefully。
10．答案与解析：which/that　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词为behavior，指物，应用which或that引导。故填which/that。
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