职称英语考试卫生类B级试题及答案新编.doc

职称英语考试卫生类B级试题及答案新编

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职称英语考试卫生类B级试题及答案
　　第1部分：词汇选项 (第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)
　　下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
　　1 It is obvious that he will win the game．
　　A likely
　　B possible
　　C clear
　　D strange
　　2 There is no risk to public health．
　　A point
　　B danger
　　C chance
　　D hope
　　3 Did anyone call me when 1 was out?
　　A invite
　　B name
　　C answer
　　D phone
　　4 It took us a long time to mend the house
　　A build
　　B destroy
　　C design
　　D repair
　　5 I don't quite follow what she is saying．
　　A believe
　　B understand
　　C explain
　　D accept
　　6 We can no longer put up with his actions．
　　A bear
　　B accept
　　C support
　　D oppose
　　7 Loud noises can be irritating．
　　A confusing
　　B interesting
　　C stimulating
　　D annoying
　　8 That player is eternally arguing with the referee
　　A desperately
　　C eventually
　　B constantly
　　D extensively
　　9 The governor gave a rather vague outline of his tax plan．
　　A unclear
　　B firm
　　C short
　　D neat
　　10 Gambling is lawful in Nevada．
　　A popular
　　B booming
　　C legal
　　D profitable
　　11 These are their motives for doing it．
　　A reasons
　　B excuses
　　C answers
　　D plans
　　12 The river widens considerably as it begins to turn west
　　A twists
　　B stretches
　　C broadens
　　D bends
　　13 Henry cannot resist the lure of drugs
　　A abuse
　　B flavor
　　C temptation
　　D consumption
　　14 These programmes are of immense value to old people．
　　A natural
　　B fatal
　　C tiny
　　D enormous
　　15 A great deal has been done to remedy the situation
　　A maintain
　　B improve
　　C assess
　　D protect
　　第2部分：阅读判断 (第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)
　　阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。
　　如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及请在答题卡上把C涂黑。
　　Breakfast
　　Studies show that children who eat breakfast do better in sch001．It doesn't take much further thought to believe that adults will feel better and perform better at work as well．Whether you work at home，on the farm，at the office，at school，or on the road，it is not a good idea to skip(故意略去)breakfast．
　　If we don't eat breakfast，we are likely to become tired when our brains and bodies run low on fuel．By mid-morning，a lot of us grab a cup of coffee，or wolf down a sugary candy bar to wake up again．This might work for a few minutes，but by 1unchtime we are hungry，bad-tempered，and perhaps our mood might make us a little more likely to make unhealthy choices at 1unch．Eating a good breakfast sets the tone for the rest of the day．
　　People who eat breakfast are generally more likely to maintain a healthy weight．Many people believe that they will lose weight if they skip meals，but that isn't a good idea．The body expects to be refueled a few times a day, so start with a healthy breakfast．
　　A healthy breakfast should contain some protein(蛋白质)and some fiber(纤维)．Protein can come from meat，eggs，beans，or soy(大豆)．Fiber can be found in whole cereals(谷物)，grains or in fruits A good example of a healthy breakfast might be something simple like a hard boiled egg，an orange，and a bowl of whole grain cereal with soy milk．
　　16 Adults who eat breakfast will perform better at work．
　　A Right
　　B Wrong
　　C Not mentioned
　　17 It is okay to skip breakfast if you work at home．A Right
　　B Wrong
　　C Not mentioned
　　18 Men are more likely to skip breakfast than women．
　　A Right
　　B Wrong
　　C Not mentioned
　　19 A person who skips breakfast is more likely to eat unhealthily at lunch．
　　A Right
　　B Wrong
　　C Not mentioned
　　20 Skipping breakfast is a good strategy for losing weight．
　　A Right
　　B Wrong
　　C Not mentioned
　　21 A simple breakfast cannot be a healthy breakfast．
　　A Right
　　B Wrong
　　C Not mentioned
　　22 People who eat breakfast are seldom in a bad mood．
　　A Right
　　B Wrong
　　C Not mentioned
　第3部分：概括大意与完成句子 (第23~30题，每题1分，共8分)
　　阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1-4段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
　　The Drink Your Body Needs Most
　　1 Our bodies are estimated to be about 60％to 70％water．Blood is mostly water．and our muscles，lungs，and brain all contain a lot of water．Water is needed to regulate body temperature and to provide the means for nutrients(滋养物)to travel to a11 our organs．Water also transports oxygen to our cells，removes waste，and protects our joints and organs．
　　2 We lose water through urination(排尿)，respiration(呼吸)，and by sweating．If you are very active，you lose more water than if you do not take much exercise．Symptoms of mild dehydration(脱水)include chronic pains in joints and muscles，lower back pain，headaches，and constipation(便秘)．A strong smell to your urine，along with a yellow color indicates that you are not getting enough water．Thirst is all obvious sign of dehydration and in fact，you need water long before you feel thirsty．
　　3 A good rule of thumb(好的做法)is to take your body weight in pounds and divide that number in half．That gives you the number of ounces(盎司)of water per day that you need．For example，if you weigh 160 pounds，you should drink at least 80 ounces of water per day．If you exercise you should drink another 8-ounce glass of water for every 20 minutes you are active If you drink coffee or alcohol，you should add at least an equal amount of water．When you are traveling on an airplane，it is good to have 8 ounces of water for every hour you are on board the plane
　　4 It may be difficult to drink enough water on a busy day Be sure you have water handy at all times by keeping a bottle for water with you when you are working，traveling，or exercising．If you get bored with plain water,add a bit of lemon for a touch of flavor．There are some brands of flavored water available，but some of them have sugar or artificial sweeteners that you don't need
　　23 Paragraph 1________
　　24 Paragraph 2________
　　25 Paragraph 3________
　　26 Paragraph 4________
　　27 One cannot 1ive_____
　　A Ounces of Water Needed Per Day
　　B Importance of Water
　　C Composition of Water
　　D Signs of Dehydration
　　E Supply of Water
　　F Necessity for Bringing a Bottle for
　　Water with Yon
　　28 Dehydration may occur if there is a shortage of water_____
　　29 The amount of water your body needs per day is closely related_____
　　30 Don't forget to drink enough water even_____
　　A in your body
　　B without water
　　C before long
　　D for a change
　　E on a busy day
　　F to your weight
　第4部分：阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)
　　下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请根据文章的内容从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
　　第一篇
　　Exercise Lowers Employers'Health Costs
　　Companies can save millions in health-care costs simply by encouraging their employees to exercise a little bit，researchers reported on Friday．
　　They said obese(肥胖的)employees had higher health-care costs，but lowered those expenses by exercising just a couple of times a week-without even losing any weight．
　　Feifei Wang and colleagues at the University of Michigan studied 23，500 workers at General Motors．
　　They estimated that getting the most sedentary(惯于久坐的)obese workers to exercise would have saved about$790，000 a year，or about 1．5 percent of health-care costs for the whole group.
　　Company-wide．the potential savings could reach$7 1 million per year，they reported in the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
　　Of the whole group of workers．about 30 percent were of normal weight，45 percent were overweight(超重的)，and 25 percent were obese．Annual health-care costs averaged$2，200 for normal weight，$2，400 for the overweight，and$2，700 for obese employees．
　　But among workers who did no exercise，health-care costs went up by at least$100 a year，and were$3．000 a year for obese employees who were sedentary
　　But adding two or more days of light exercise——at least 20 minutes of exercise or work hard enough to increase heart rate and breathing——lowered costs by on average$500 per employee a year，the researchers found.
　　"This indicates that physical activity behavior could reduce at least some of the harmful effects of excess body fat，and in consequence，help lower the health-care costs，"Wang and colleagues wrote．
　　31 How can employees help lower the health-care costs?
　　A By taking more rest
　　B By eating less．
　　C By exercising a little bit．
　　D By saving more money．
　　32 By encouraging its employees to exercise General Motors could save
　　A$790，000 per year．
　　B $7.1 million per year．
　　C$3,000per year
　　D $7,300 per year．
　　33 How many workers in General Motors were NOT of normal weight?
　　A Seventy percent
　　B Thirty percent．
　　C Forty-five percent
　　D Twenty-five percent．
　　34 For which group of the workers were the health-care costs the highest?
　　A The employees of normal weight．
　　B The overweight employees
　　C The obese employees．
　　D The sedentary obese employees．
　　35 How often should the employees exercise to help lower the health-care costs?
　　A At least seven days a week．
　　B At least twenty minutes a week．
　　C At least twice a week
　　D At least once a week
　第二篇
　　Medical Education
　　In 18th．century colonial America，those who wanted to become physicians either learned as personal students from established professionals or went abroad to study in the traditional schools of London，Paris{and Edinburgh．Medicine was first taught formally by specialists at the University of Pennsylvania，beginning in 1765，and in 1767 at King's College(now Columbia University)，the first institution in the colonies to give the degree of doctor of medicine．Following the American Revolution，the Columbia medical faculty(formerly of King'S College) was combined with the College of Physicians and Surgeons，chartered in 1809，which survives as a division of Columbia University．
　　In 1893 the Johns Hopkins Medical School required all applicants to have a college degree and was the first to afford its students the opportunity to further their training in an attached teaching hospital．The growth of medical schools attached with established institutions of learning went together with the development of proprietary(私营的)schools of medicine run for personal profit．most of which had 10W standards and poor facilities In 1910 Abraham Flexner. the American education reformer, wrote Medical Education in the United States and Canada，exposing the poor conditions of most proprietary schools Subsequently the American Medical Association(AMA)and the Association of American Medical Colleges(AAMC)1aid down standards for course content，qualifications of teachers，laboratory facilities，connection with teaching hospitals，and licensing of medical practitioners(开业医师)that survive to this day．By the late 1980s the US and Canada had 142 4．year medical colleges recognized bv the Liaison(联络1 Committee on Medical Education to offer che M．D．degree；during the 1987-88 academic year,47,262 men and 25,686 women entered these colleges and an estimated 11，752 men and 5，958 women were graduated．Graduates，after a year of internship(实习期)，receive licenses to practice if they pass an examination given either by a state board or by the National Board of Medical Examiners
　　36 In 18th-century America．higher institutions of learning that taught medicine
　　A did not exist．
　　B were few in number．
　　C were better than those in Europe．
　　D were known for their teaching hospitals．
　　37 Initially most proprietary schools of medicine in America
　　A had established professionals．
　　B had good facilities．
　　C had high standards．
　　D were in poor conditions．
　　38 The AMA and AAMC established standards SO as t0
　　A recruit more students
　　B set up more schools of medicine
　　C ensure the quality of medical teaching and practice．
　　D prevent medical schools from making huge profits．
　　39 After a year of internship medical graduates can start to practice
　　A if they have worked in a laboratory．
　　B if they have studied abroad for some time
　　C if they have obtained an M．D degree．
　　D if they have passed an examination
　　40 This passage is mainly about
　　A how medicine is taught in America．
　　B how medical education has developed in America
　　C how the American educational system works．
　　D how one can become a good doctor．
　　第三篇
　　More Than a Ride to School
　　The National Education Association claims,"The school bus is a mirror of the community" They further add that，unfortunately，what appears on the exterior does not always reflect the reality of a chosen community．They are right-sometimes it reflects more!Just ask Liesl Denson．Riding the school bus has been more than a ride to school for Liesl．
　　Bruce Hardy,school bus driver for Althouse Bus Company has been Liesl's bus driver since kindergarten Last year when Liesl's family moved to Parkesburg，knowing her bus went by her new residence，she requested to ride the same bus．This year Liesl is a senior and will enjoy her last year riding the bus．She says，It s been a great ride so far!My bus driver is so cool and has always been a good friend and a good listener．Sometimes when you're a child adults do not think that what you have to say is important．Mr．Hardy always listens to what you have to say and makes you feel important．"Her friends Ashley Batista and Amanda Wolfe agree．
　　Bruce Hardy has been making Octorara students feel special since 1975．This year he will celebrate 30 years working for Althouse Bus Company．Larry Althouse，president of the company acknowledges Bruce Hardy's outstanding record：You do not come by employees like Brute these days．He has never missed a day of work and has a perfect driving record He was recognized in by the Pennsylvania School Bus Association for driving 350，000 accident free miles Hardy's reputation is made further evident through the relationships he has made with the studentsthat ride his bus
　　Althouse further adds，Althouse Bus Company was established 70 years ago and has been providing quality transportation ever since．My grandfather started the business with one bus．Althouse Bus Company is delighted to have the opportunity to bring distinctive and safe service to our local school and community and looks forward to continuing to provide quality service for many more years to come"
　　Three generotions of business is not all the company has enjoyed．Thanks to drivers like Bruce Hardy,they have been building relationships through generations．Liesl's mother Carol also enjoys fond memories of riding Bruce Hardy's bus to the Octorara School District.
　　41 The word"mirrorin the first line could be best replaced by
　　A "vehicle"
　　B "device"
　　C "need"
　　D "reflection"．
　　42 Bruce Hardy has been working with Althouse Bus Company
　　A for 30 years．
　　B for70 years
　　C since last year．
　　D since ．
　　43 Which of the following statements is NOT true of Bruce Hardy?
　　A He is popular with his passengers．
　　B He has never missed a day of work．
　　C He is an impatient person．
　　D He has driven 350，000 accident free miles．
　　44 Althouse Bus Company was founded by