高优指导2021高三英语二轮复习专题基础训练21细节理解题.doc

专题二十一　细节理解题
A
(2015·成都七中高三零诊)
One of the greatest contributions to the first Oxford English Dictionary was also one of its most unusual.In 1879,Oxford University in England asked Prof.James Murray to serve as editor for what was to be the most ambitious dictionary in the history of the English language.It would include every English word possible and would give not only the definition but also the history of the word and quotations(引文)showing how it was used.
This was a huge task.So Murray had to find volunteers from Britain,the United States,and the British colonies to search every newspaper,magazine and book ever written in English.Hundreds of volunteers responded,including William Chester Minor.Dr.Minor was an American Surgeon who had served in the Civil War and was now living in England.He gave his address as “Broadmoor,Crowthorne,Berkshire”,50 miles from Oxford.
Minor joined the army of volunteers sending words and quotations to Murray.Over the next years,he became one of the staff’s most valued contributors.
But he was also a mystery.In spite of many invitations,he would always decline to visit Oxford.So in 1897,Murray finally decided to travel to Crowthorne himself.When he arrived,he found Minor locked in a book-lined cell at the Broadmoor Asylum(精神病院) for the criminally insane.
Murray and Minor became friends,sharing their love of words.Minor continued contributing to the dictionary,sending in more than 10,000 submissions in 20 years.Murray continued to visit Minor regularly,sometimes taking walks with him around the asylum grounds.
In 1910,Minor left Broadmoor for an asylum in his native America.Murray was at the port to wave goodbye to his remarkable friend.
Minor died in 1920,seven years before the first edition of the Oxford English Dictionary was completed.The 12 volumes defined 414,825 words,and thousands of them were contributions from a very scholarly and devoted asylum patient.
1.How did Dr.Minor contribute to the dictionary?(with 7 words)

2.Why did Dr.Minor refuse to visit Oxford?(within 7 words)

3.Why did Prof.Murray and Dr.Minor become friends?(within 8 words)

4.How do you describe Dr.Minor?(within 3 words)

5.What does the text mainly talk about?(within 10 words)

B
(2014·成都二诊)
It’s a lot easier to use shortcuts when we text,isn’t it?The average American teen sends 60 text messages a day.And you can bet that most of them are full of abbreviations(缩写)and lacking in proper punctuation(标点).
But while we might think nothing of it,there’s an ongoing debate about the potentially harmful effects that text messaging ran have on people’s grammar.Many believe the abbreviations used by students are causing them to develop bad habits when it comes to spelling and punctuation.
Some teachers say that texting and social networking can make students lazy when it comes to writing properly.The results of a recent study showed that young adults who often use text language are less likely to switch back to proper grammar when needed.But another view is that text messaging has no effect at all,as many people consider it to be a language of its own.
Whether it’s harmful or not,it seems that text language is seeping(渗透) into the mainstream one way or another.In a study published last year,64 percent of teens admitted using informal “text language” in their regular classrooms,in writing assignments.This could mean that poor grammar is becoming the standard for written communication through incredible laziness.
But it isn’t just a matter of language—students who frequently text during class also have difficulty concentrating.In another survey,students were asked to complete a questionnaire on how many text messages they sent and received during class.On average,students sent more than two text messages during lectures lasting 50 to 75 minutes.The research showed that students who frequently text during class are less likely to focus on lectures,therefore affecting their studies.
1.How did the writer introduce the topic of the passage?(within 5 words)

2.What are the two main features of most text messages?(within 10 words)

3.What effect will using text language frequently have on students’ writing?(within 10 words)

4.Why does the writer think that the text messaging is seeping into the mainstream?(within 10 words)

5.What does the passage mainly talk about?(within 6 words)

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A
1.He sent words and quotations to Murray./He provided many words and quotations to Murray.
2.Because he was locked in an asylum./Because he was locked in a cell.
3.Because of their love of words./Because they both loved words.
4.Scholarly and devoted.
5.Minor’s contribution to the first Oxford English dictionary./An asylum patient’s contribution to the first Oxford English dictionary.
B
1.By raising/asking a question.
2.They are full of abbreviations and lacking in proper punctuation.
3.They are less likely to switch back to popper grammar./They may not use proper grammar./It will make students not use grammar properly.
4.Because teens/teenagers use informal “text message” in their writing assignments.
5.The possible/harmful effects (influence) of text messaging.

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