建筑节能外墙保温技术及节能材料毕业论文中英文资料对照外文翻译.doc

外墙保温技术及节能材料
中英文资料对照外文翻译文件综述

文件翻译

On the external wall insulation technology and energy saving materials

[ Abstract ] as the energy conservation and protect environment requirements of the continuous improvement, building maintenance structure heat preservation technology is also increasing, especially in exterior wall insulation technology has made great progress, and become an important building energy saving technology. At present, the building is often used in external wall insulation are mainly within the insulation, insulation and other methods, according to the development of new technologies, new energy-saving materials should be developed and utilized, so as t really implement building energy conservation.
[ Key words ] external wall insulation building materials energy-saving building
Building energy saving is the implementation of the national environmental protection and energy conservation policy is the main content, it is to carry outhe sustainable development of the national economy important component. The national Ministry of construction in1995 promulgated the" rules for the implementation of cit building energy saving" and other documents, the" energy conservation design standard for residential buildings ' partial '" JGJ26-95as a mandatory standard, at same time, the Ministry of construction and was released in October 1,
seventy-sixth called" regulation of civil building energy saving", do not confor to the standard of energy saving project, shall not approved for construction.
In such a series of energy-saving policies, regulations, standards and mandatory guidance, China's energy-saving housing construction work unceasingly thorough, continuously improve the energy efficiency standards, the introduction of the development of many new energy-saving technology and materials, vigorously promote the use of residential buildings. But our country's current level of building energy conservation, but also far lower than developed countries, China's building energy consumption per unit area is still a climate similar to the developed countrie times to 5 times. Construction energy conservation is China's construction industry an important task.
One, external wall thermal insulation technology
Energy saving thermal insulation wall construction technology mainly divided into exterior wall internal insulation and exterior wall insulation in two categories.
1internal insulation technology and its characteristics. Within the external wall insulation construction, in the exterior wall structure with internal heat insulation Thermal insulation in the construction speed is fast, convenient and flexible operati can ensure the construction progress. Internal insulation application time is long, technology is mature, construction technology and inspection standard is perfect. In the construction of external wall insulation in about 90% of the engineering application of internal insulation technology. To be popularized in large area of internal insulation technology : reinforced gypsum composite polystyrene insulation board, polymer mortar composite polystyrene insulation board, reinforced cement composite polystyrene insulation panels, interior wall decoration with polystyrene board plastering gypsum and wipe with particles of polystyrene insulation slurry an anti-crack mortar is pressed into the mesh approach.
But the internal insulation will occupy the area of use," bridge" is not easy to s easy to crack, but also affects the construction speed, influence dweller decoration two, and the inner wall hanging and fixing it easy to break the internal insulation structure. Internal insulation technology of irrationality, it would be replaced by external insulation.
2external insulation technology and its characteristics. External insulation is currently promoting a building energy-saving insulation technology. The outer and inner thermal insulation, reasonable technology, has its obvious advantages, the use the same specification, the same size and insulation material, insulation than the i heat preservation effect is good. External thermal insulation technology applies not only to new construction, also apply to the transformation of old buildings, applica to a wide range, with high technical content; external insulation package in the ma structure of the lateral, to protect the main structure, prolongs the service life of buildings; effectively reduces the thermal bridges in building construction, increase the construction of effective space; while eliminating condensation, improve the living comfort.
(1) external external thermal insulation external insulation materials of rock ( ore) cotton, glass cotton
Mat, polystyrene foam board ( referred to as polystyrene board, EPS, XPS ), ceramisite concrete composite polystyrene insulation board, stone decorative wire mesh frame sandwich wallboard. The polystyrene board has excellent physical properties and cheap cost, already all over the world within the external wall insulation plug technology is widely used in. The plug-in technology is the use of adhesive mortar or special fasteners, thermal insulation material affixed hanging on the wall, then wipe the anti-cracking mortar, press glass fiber grid cloth to form a protective layer, finally combined with decorative surface. This type of external insulation installation is time-consuming, difficult construction, and the construc period to be occupied dominant, main body after the inspection to construction. In t high-rise construction, the safety of construction personnel is not easy to be guaranteed.
(2) polystyrene plate wall of a casting molding
The technique is in the concrete frame shear wall system the polyphenyl board built in building templates, in the gating of the wall outside, then pouring the concrete, concrete and polystyrene board in a casting molding for composite wall. The technology to solve thexternal insulation problems, its advantage is very obvious. Because the outer wall body with insulation layer of a survival, efficiency, significantly shortening the construction period, and the construction personnel saf assured. But when construction in winter, polystyrene board insulation effect, can reduce the peripheral wall heat preservation measures. But in the concrete to unifor continuous casting, or because the concrete lateral pressure effect will cause the polystyrene board in Chaimo after deformation and staggered stubble, affect the orde of the construction.
All kinds of insulation technology and advantages
1, expanded polystyrene board and thin plastering and reinforced by glass fiber approach and advantages
It is currently in use in our country most one kind of external insulation wall, wherein the polystyrene board in the primary wall fixed in one of three ways:1) by bonding mortar fixed;2) using a mechanical fixture fixed;3) more than two kinds of fixed combination. This approach has the following advantages:1) because it is in
Europe and the United States have been in use for nearly thirty years, in the Unit States have built high up to 44 layers, therefore. This technology already formed a system, the bonding layer, heat-insulating layer and facing layer supporting the us more mature technical documents;2) due to the expanded polystyrene insulation materials, the price is very expensive, so that the whole system of moderate price.
Convenient user acceptance;3) no complex construction technology, construction unit after a brief training, can grasp the essentials for construction, technology promotion;4) it set insulation, waterproofing and decoration functiona body, has in the advantages of multiple functions;5) the whole system has good weatherability, good waterproof and water vapor permeability;6) a variety of color and texture of th surface coating for selection, and the entire system supporting the use of. At pres This approach in Beijing, Northeast China and other places has been widely applied, Beijing Yu Garden, Wolong garden, the Ministry of construction of C eight, C ten buildings transformation and many other engineering, have adopted this approach.
However, due to expansion polystyrene against termites, termite in areas not availab due to the construction of environmental temperature of 4 degrees, not suitable for winter construction.
In 2, the extruded polystyrene for external thermal insulation wall
Extruded polystyrene is in recent years developed a new type of thermal insulation material. At present, extruded polystyrene and the tea layer wall fixed mode mainl adopts mechanical fasteners. The material has the advantages that:1) extruded polystyrene with dense surface and inner layer of the obturator structure. Its ther conductivity is much lower than the same thickness of expanded polystyrene, therefore has a better thermal insulation properties of expanded polystyrene. In the same building, its thickness can be less than other types of insulation material;2) to the inner layer of the [ knife hole structure. So it has good humidity resistanc the humid environment, can keep good thermal insulation properties;3) suitable for cold insulation on the special requirements of the building, and can also be used exterior wall facing material for brick or stone building,4) as a result of extruded polystyrene and the base wall fixing mode of soil using mechanical fastener. In winte the normal construction. At present. In Beijing, the river runs and other regions h to use this material for outer wall external thermal insulation construction, such a Beijing New Oriental Plaza, Bank of China and other large public buildings. But the extruded polystyrene price is on the high side, thus is suitable for higher grade o building. The construction technology and node structure needs to be further perfected.
The 3single side steel mesh polystyrene board with the exterior wall external insulation
This is developed in recent years, used for cast-in-placoncrete e construction of external wall insulation system, a kind of liu. It has the following advantages:1) system in the construction of. The steel mesh polystyrene board is arranged to pourin wall inside an external mold, external insulation board and the wall a survival, a stripping the insulation board and the wall be made one, thus saving manpower, time and cost of installation;2) selection of steel mesh polystyrene plate, light weight, construction;3) construction easy to master. Winter construction of polystyrene boar as usual;4) the lateral hanging wire, finishes available tiles. At present, this sys mainly used for cast-in-place concrete, high-rise residential, its construction, installation technology has yet to be further improved.
A 4 insulation paste material for exterior wall thermal insulation
In recent years, insulation paste is also beginning to be used in building outer heat preservation. The utility model has the advantages of:1) insulation paste adhesi layer, insulating layer and the decorative layer has formed a system, for supporting use of;2) thermal insulation mortar for exterior wall thermal insulation, the basic roughness requirement is not high, easy in the shape of the basal wall construction; comparison of the construction process is simple, the operation easy to master;4) some insulation slurry material used in recycling of waste polystyrene granule as aggregate, energy saving, is beneficial to protect environment;5) can be used to rep the wall plastering surface cracks. At present, Beijing has many high-rise building exterior insulation with thermal paste, such as modern literature museum. However, insulation paste exterior wall external insulation node structure, construction pro has yet to be further improved.
Above a few kinds of external wall thermal insulation technology, due to the adoption of the materials and construction technology are different, so their applica scope are not the same. In use. Should be according to the design of construction co geographic location and other factors to choose.
In two, the external wall thermal insulation energy-saving materials
Energy saving materials belonging to the thermal insulation materials. Insulation material is used for building or thermal equipment, heat transfer impedance materia or material complex, including both insulation materials, including cold insulation materials. Insulation material sense, on one hand is to satisfy the architectural spa thermal equipment, thermal environment, on the other hand, in order to save energy. With the worldwide energy shortage, thermal insulation material in energy-saving aspects of the meaning is more and more important. Only the general residents of heating air conditioning, through the use of thermal insulation building materials, which can be the basis of the existing energy-saving 50% ~80%. According to the
Japanese energy-saving practice proved, each using1 tons of insulating material, ca save coal3 tons / year, the energy-saving efficiency is10 times the cost of producti Thus, in some countries, the thermal insulation material as following coal, petroleu natural gas, nuclear power after the fifth big" energy".
The 1insulation material performance. Adiabatic, is to maximize heat transfer impedance, so the requirement of adiabatic material must has great thermal resistanc and low thermal conductivity.
From material composition, organic polymer thermal conductivity than the inorganic non-metallic material; thermal conductivity than the metallic material; gaseous material thermal conductivity less than the liquid material, the liquid material is than solid. So when conditions permit, should try to use the organic polymer material or amorphous inorganic material, which is favorable for heat insulation.
From the material structure, as the material is apparent density decreased, the porosity increases, the material inside the pores as a substantially enclosed micro coefficient of heat conductivity of the material is relatively small. For foam produ to meet the requirements of thermal insulation materials and the best apparent densi of 16~ 40kg / m3.
2 commonly used thermal insulation materials. Can meet the performance requirements for exterior insulation energy-saving materials are: polystyrene foam board ( EPS and XPS ), rock ( ore) cotton board, glass wool felt and super light particles of polystyrene insulation slurry etc.. All of the above materials are a com feature of the materials within a closed hole, their apparent density is small, it used as insulation materials required.
Rock ( ore) wool and glass wool are sometimes referred to as the mineral cotton, which belongs to the field of inorganic material. Rock wool, not combustion, low price, to meet the heat insulation performance but also has a certain sound insulat effect. But the rock quality varied widely, good thermal insulation properties of l density, the tensile strength is lo