2022年高考英语考前45天大冲刺卷四.doc

2022年高考英语考前45天大冲刺卷四
考前须知：
1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第一卷
第一局部 听力
本次训练无听力
第二局部 阅读理解(共两节，总分值40分)
第一节(共15小题；每题2分，总分值30分)
阅读以下短文，从每题所给的四个选项〔A、B、C和D〕中，选出最正确选项。
A
Broken Wings
1-4 Aug: Musical adaptation of the poet Kahil Gibran’s 1912 masterpiece. Set in New York in 1923, it transports you to turn-of-the-century Beirut.
7:30pm (& 2:30pm 4 Aug). Tickets:￡l0-￡96. trh. co. uk.
Theatre Royal Haymarket, Haymarket, SWIY 4HT. T: 020-7930 8800. E7.
Station: Piccadilly Circus.
Chicago the Musical
Martin Kemp stars as Billy in this jazz musical based on real murder cases which shocked Chicago in the 1920s.
Mon-Sat 7:30pm; Wed & Sat 2:30pm. Tickets: ￡25-￡150. phoenixtheatrelondon co. uk.
Phoenix Theatre, 110 Charing Cross Rd, WC2HOJP. T: 0843-316 1082. E7.
Station: Tottenham Court Road.
Dreamgirls
Musical about a female singing group from Chicago. Classic songs include I Am Telling You I’m Not Going, I Am Changing, and Listen and One Night Only. Join these friends as they go on a musical rollercoaster ride through a world of fame, fortune and the ruthless realities of show business, testing their friendships to the very limit.
Mon-Sat 7: 30pm; Wed & Sat 2:30pm Tickets: ￡15-￡75. savoytheatre org. savoy.
Strand WC2R OET. T: 0844-871 7687. E8.
Station: Covent Garden.
Everybody’s Talking about Jamie
This feel-good musical is set on a council estate in Sheffield, northern England, and tells the story of 16-year-old Jamie and how he overcomes bullies and prejudice. This is inspired by a true bully story.
Mon-Sat 7:30pm; Wed & &t 2:30pm. Tickets: ￡20-￡85. everybodystalkingaboutjarmie.co. uk
Apollo Theatre, 31 Shaftesbury Ava WID 7ES T: 0330-333 4809. E7.
Station: Piccaddly Circus
21. Which number can one call to get more information on the musical about a murder story?
A. 020-7930 8800. B. 0843-316 1082.
C. 0844-871 7687. D. 0330-333 4809.
22. Which one of the musicals isn’t set in the U. S.?
A. Dreamgirls. B. Chicago the Musical.
C. Broken Wings. D. Everybody’s Talking about Jamie.
23. If one wants to enjoy classic songs, which website should he visit to book tickets?
A. trh. co.uk. B. phoenixtheatrelondon. co. uk.
C. savoytheatre. org. savoy. D. everybodystalkingaboutjamie.co. uk
B
My friend, Monty Roberts owns a horse ranch(养马场). The last time I was there he introduced me a story like this: There was a young man who was the son of a horse trainer, who would go from stable(马厩) to stable, race track to race track, farm to farm and ranch to ranch, training horses. So the boy’s school career was continually interrupted. When he was a senior, he was asked to write a paper about what he wanted to be and do when he grew up.
That night he wrote a seven-page paper describing his goal of someday owning a horse ranch. He wrote about his dream in great detail and he even drew a diagram of a 200-acre ranch, showing the location of all the buildings, the stables and the track. He also drew a detailed floor plan for a 4,000-square-foot house that would sit on a 200-acre dream ranch. He put a great deal of his heart into the project and the next day he handed it in to his teacher. Two days later he received his paper back. On the front page was a large red F with a note that read, “See me after class.〞
The boy with the dream went to see the teacher after class and asked why he received an F. The teacher said, “This is an unrealistic dream for a young boy like you. You have no money. You have no resources. Owning a horse ranch requires a lot of money. You have to buy the land. There’s no way you could ever do it... If you will rewrite this paper with a more realistic goal, I will reconsider your grade.〞
The boy went home and thought about it long and haul. He asked his father what he should do. His father said, “Look, son, you have to make up your own mind on this. However, I think it is a very important decision for you.〞 Finally, after a week, the boy turned in the same paper, making no changes at all. He stated, “You can keep the F and I’ll keep my dream.〞
Monty then turned to me and said, “I tell you this story because you are sitting in my 4, 000-square-foot house in the middle of my 200-acre horse ranch. I still have that school paper framed over the fireplace.〞 He added, “The best part of the story is that two years ago that same schoolteacher brought 30 kids to camp out on my ranch for a week. When the teacher was leaving, he said “Look, Monty, when I was your teacher, I was something of a dream stealer. During those years I stole a lot of kids’ dreams. Fortunately, you had enough ambition not to give up on yours.〞
24. How did the father deal with his son’s problem?
A. He did not pay attention to it.
B. He punished his son for the large red F.
C. He encouraged his son to make his own decision.
D. He scolded his son for the ridiculous plan.
25. What can we infer from the teacher’s remarks in the last paragraph?
A. Skill comes by exercise.
B. Everybody’s good at something.
C. It’s great to have dreams.
D. Where there is a will, there is a way.
26. Why was Monty’s schooling continually interrupted?
A. Because he didn’t like his teacher.
B. Because he had to do much housework.
C. Because he refused to go to school sometimes.
D. Because his father always changed his working place.
27. What’s the best title for the text?
A. A boy having no changes B. A boy following his heart
C. A boy holding on to his dream D. A boy owning a horse ranch
C
Did you hear what happened at yesterday’s meeting? Can you believe it? If you find those sorts of quietly whispered questions about your co-workers irresistible, you’re hardly alone. But why are we drawn to gossip?
A new study suggests it’s because the rumors are all about us. “Gossip receivers tend to use positive and negative group information to improve, promote, and protect the self,〞 writes a research team, led by Elena Martinescu of the University of Groningen in the Netherlands. In the journal Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, the researchers described two experiments team, led by Elena Martinescu of the University described two experiments testing the personal value gossip receivers get.
The first featured 178 university undergraduates, who had all previously worked on at least one course assignment with a group of four or more students. Participants were asked to recall and write a short description of an incident, in which a group member shared with them either positive or negative information about another group member’s secret. They then reported their level of agreement with a series of statements. Some of these measured the self-improvement value of the gossip (“The information received made me think I learn a lot from X〞); others measured its self-promotion value (“The information I received made me feel that I am doing well compared to X〞). Still others measured whether the gossip raised personal concerns (“The information I received made me feel that I must protect my image in the group〞).
In the second experiment, 122 undergraduates were assigned the role of “sales agent〞 at a major company. They received gossip from a colleague that a third person either did very well or very badly at a performance evaluation, and were then asked about the emotions that information caused. They also responded to the above-mentioned set of statements presented to the participants in the first experiment.
In each experiment, participants found both negative and positive gossip to be of personal value with different reasons. “Positive gossip has self-improvement value,〞 they write. “Competence-related positive gossip about others contains lessons about how to improve one’s own competence. On the other hand, negative gossip has self-promotion value, because it provides individuals with social comparison information that justifies self-promoting judgments which results in feelings of pride.〞
In addition, the results showed that negative gossip brought about self-protection concerns, the researchers write. “Negative gossip makes people concerned that their reputations may be at risk, as they may personally become targets of negative gossip in the future, which generates fear.〞 Fear is hardly a pleasant sensation(感觉), but it can be a motivating one. As researchers put it: “Gossip conveniently provides individuals with indirect social-comparison information about relevant others.〞
28. Why are we drawn to gossip according to the researchers?
A. We need evaluative information about others to evaluate ourselves.
B. We are interested in the news that arouses our personal concerns.
C. We tend to gain a sense of pride from judging others.
D. We are likely to learn lessons from others’ mistakes.
29. According to the first experiment, which of the following shows self-promotion value?
A. I have to learn from Mary according to what Tom said about her.
B. I should behave myself in case of being gossiped about like Mary.
C. I’ve done better than Mary according to what Tom said about her.
D. I have no comments on what Tom said about Mary.
30. What’s the critical difference of the second experiment compared with the first one?
A. The identities of the participants.
B. The number of the participants studied.
C. The time during which the experiment lasted.
D. The role-play technique used in experiment.
31. What role does “negative gossip〞 play according to the researchers?
A. A fear killer. B. A protector.
C. A motivator. D. A subject provider.
D
Facial recognition technology is already widely used by governments and some advertising companies. The technology uses machine learning tools to search for faces in an attempt to identify people.
In a recent study scientists announced they had developed machine learning tools to track the faces of individual wild chimpanzees(黑猩猩). Dan Schofield said that the system was developed to improve the quality of information collected about chimpanzees in the wild over a long period of time.
“For species like chimpanzees, which have complex social lives and live for many years, getting snapshots of their behavior from short-term field research can only tell us so much,〞 Schofield said.
The researchers wanted to get a more complete understanding of the lives of the chimpanzees by studying them over several generations. But doing this would have required searching through hundreds of hours of video recordings of chimpanzees in the wild.
The researchers recorded the activities of a group of chimpanzees that lived in the West African nation of Guinea. A facial recognition computer model was trained using more than 10 million images of the animals. The model was then used to search, recognize and track individual chimpanzees. The system was able to identify individual chimpanzees correctly about 92 percent of the time. It successfully identified the animals’ sex 96 percent of the time.
The study included an experiment with humans to see how they could perform against the machine learning system in making identifications. The human persons were able to correctly identify individual chimpanzees about 42 percent of the time. The machine learning tool was much faster at completing the experiment. Human experts took about 55 minutes, while the computer took only seconds.
The researchers say they are permitting other scientists to use the system for similar projects. They hope the method will be used with other species to record animal behavior and monitor different animal populations in the environment.
32. What can we infer from Schofield’s words?
A. Researching chimpanzees needs more information.
B. Chimpanzees can live as long as humans.
C. Chimpanzees like to get snapshots too.
D. Short-term field research provides more information.
33. What does the underlined word “this〞 refer to?
A. Recording the chimpanzees in the wild.
B. Studying chimpanzees over several years.
C. Understanding the lives of the chimpanzees completely.
D. Getting snapshots of chimpanzees’ behavior.
34. What did the experiment with humans prove in the study?
A. Humans make more accurate identifications.
B. The machine learning system is more effective.
C. Humans can’t identify the animals’ sex correctly.
D. Machine learning tools take a little more time in identification.
35. What is the best title for the text?
A. Facial recognition for animals is becoming popular
B. Facial recognition is helping animals live in the wild
C. Facial recognition plays a role in raising animals
D. Facial recognition is used to identify and follow animals
第二节〔共5小题；每题2分，总分值10分〕
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The Spring Equinox(春分)
The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides a year into 24 solar terms. The Spring Equinox as the fourth term of the year starts on March 20 and ends on April 4 in 2022. 36. . On the day of the Spring Equinox, sun is directly above the equator(赤道). After the equinox, the sun moves northwards, resulting in gradually longer day time in the Northern Hemisphere(北半球) and longer night in the Southern Hemisphere.
The ancient Chinese people divided the fifteen days of the Spring Equinox into three “hou’s〞 or five-day parts. 37. ; thunder cracks the sky in the second hou; lightning occurs frequently in the third hou, which vividly reveals the climate feature during the Spring Equinox.
38. . It is an old custom that dates back to 4,000 years ago. People practice this tradition to celebrate the coming of spring. It is believed that if someone can make the egg stand, he will have good luck in the future. Some believe that the Spring Equinox is the best time to practice this game because on this day the axis of the earth is relatively balanced against the orbital plane of the earth’s rotation around the sun, which makes it easier to erect an egg.
Spring Equinox is also a good time to fly kites. 39. . So to pray for health, they wrote their medical issues on paper kite. When the kite was in the air, people would cut off the string to let the paper kite float away, symbolizing the flying away of diseases. 40. . On the Spring Equinox, people write a blessing on the kite, hoping that the gods in the sky would see it.
A. Later flying kites developed into a popular game of spring
B. In ancient times, people did not have good medical resources
C. The Spring Equinox signals the equal length of the day and night time
D. It suggests that people flying kites help preserve health and bring good luck
E. Farmers will reward cattle with sticky rice balls to express their gratefulness
F. As the old saying goes, swallows fly back to the North in the first hou
G. Standing an egg upright is a popular game across the country during the Spring Equinox
第三局部 英语知识运用〔共两节，总分值45分〕
第一节 完形填空〔共20小题；每题1.5分，总分值30分〕
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项〔A、B、C和D〕中选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项。
An earthquake hit Kashmir on Oct. 8. It took some 75,000