(英语)中考英语阅读理解技巧和方法完整版及练习题.pdf

英语）中考英语阅读理解技巧和方法完整版及练习题（英语）中考英语阅读理解技巧和方法完整版及练习题一、阅读理解一、阅读理解1阅读理解Without music,life would be a mistake,famous German philosopher（哲学家）FriedrichNietzsche said over a century ago.Music is a big part of our lives.But in recent years,someAmerican schools have cut music classes to control budgets（预算）.For example,Chicago public schools hurt arts education when it fired over 1,000 teachers.Among them,10 percent of the teachers taught art or music,according to The Washington Times.In fact,this is not just a problem in the US.In other countries,such as China and the UK,musicclasses are not thought to be as important as ones like science,math and history.Thats partlybecause music is not seen as a very important life skill,and it isnt tested.Many students are busywith schoolwork,so parents and students choose to focus on subjects that are tested more often.However,learning music is beneficial（有益的）in many ways.When playing music,you need different abilities to work together.It is not as simple as it looks,according to Kenneth K.Guilmartin of Music Together,an early childhood music developmentprogram.For example,when playing the piano,people see music notes and decode（解码）them in their brains.They also use their fingers to make sounds.You need to deal with all thesethings at the same time.Music has a special connection with science as well.You can see that many scientists are goodat playing music：Einstein played the violin and German physicist Max Planck was talented inplaying the piano.（1）Some schools in the US cut music classes,because _.A.they were too difficult to learn B.students in the US werent interested in musicC.the schools wanted to control budgetsD.there werent enough music teachers in the US（2）In Paragraph 2,what does the underlined word them refer to（指代）?A.Students in Chicago.B.Public schools.C.Parents in Chicago.D.Fired teachers.（3）How many scientists who are good at playing music are mentioned in this passage?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.（4）Whats the writers opinion according to this passage?A.Music is as simple as it looks.B.Music classes should be cut in some schools.C.Music is a big part of our lives.D.Music isnt a very important life skill for us.【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】本文介绍了很多地区削减了音乐课以控制预算，这是不合适的，因为音乐在许多方面都是有益的。（1）细节题。根据 some American schools have cut music classes to control budgets可知美国的一些学校停课，因为学校想控制预算，故选C。（2）词义猜测题。根据 Chicago public schools hurt arts education when it fired over 1,000teachers.10 percent of the teachers taught art or music芝加哥公立学校解雇了1000 多名教师10%的教师教授艺术或音乐，可知them 指代被解雇的教师，故选D。（3）细节题。根据 Einstein played the violin and German physicist Max Planck was talented inplaying the piano 爱因斯坦拉小提琴，德国物理学家马克斯普朗克擅长弹钢琴可知文章提到了 2 名擅长演奏音乐的科学家，故选B。（4）推理题。根据 Music has a special connection with science as well 音乐也与科学有着特殊的联系 可知作者的观点是音乐是我们生活的一大部分，故选C。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意。2根据短文内容选择正确答案。A A well-known old man was being interviewed and was asked if it was correct that he had justcelebrated his ninety-ninth birthday.“Thats right.”said the old man.“Ninety-nine years old,and I havent an enemy in the world.Theyre all dead.”“Well,sir,”said the interviewer,“I hope very much to have the honour of interviewing you onyour hundredth birthday.”The old man looked at the young man closely,and said,“I cant see why you shouldnt look fitand healthy to me!”（1）The old man said he had not an enemy in the world,which shows that he was a very_.A.friendly man-he never made any enemies.B.healthy man-he lived longer than all his enemiesC.lucky man-his enemies had all diedD.terrible man-he killed all his enemies（2）When the interviewer said that he hoped very much to have the honour of interviewingthe old man again the following year,_.A.he was trying to make the old man happyB.he wished he himself would live another yearC.he did not believe the old man would live to be one hundredD.he did not believe he would interview the old man again（3）When the old man said,“I cant see why you shouldnt”,what he meant was_.A.“You must try to live another year to interview me again next year.”B.“Of course you can see me again since youre so fit and healthy.”C.“If I live to a hundred years,you should interview me again.”D.“Unless you live another year,you wouldnt be able to interview me again.”【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）B【解析】【分析】本文讲一个高龄老人的语言智慧。（1）细节理解。根据老人说 I havent an enemy in the world.Theyre all dead.可知老人是一个健康的人，他的敌人都死了。故选B。（2）推理判断。根据句中的词 hope；have the honour of 等可知记者是祝愿老人健康长寿，故选 A。（3）推理判断。本句的意思是：我实在看不出你为什么会认为没有机会再采访我,你看起来还象我一样健康着呢。记者本是好意祝愿老人长寿，但是听起来好像是老人活不过一百岁似的。老人用开玩笑的方式来缓和记者说错话的尴尬。故选B。【点评】故事类阅读要紧扣故事的时间线索，人物间的关系，故事的发展和结局，点明的主旨等信息。答题时注意问题中的关键词在文章中的准确定位，根据关键词查找信息，切忌主观臆断，凭感觉做题3阅读理解 An eighty-year-old couple were having trouble with their memories.One day,they decided tosee a doctor.The doctor told them that there was nothing serious,but he suggested that theyshould start writing things down to help them remember things.The couple thanked the doctorand left.Later that night while watching TV,the old man got up from his chair and his wife asked,Where are you going?To the kitchen.Will you get me an ice cream?asked the wife.Sure.Then his wife asked him to write it down.No,I can remember that,replied the husband.Well,I also want some strawberries and cream on top.Youd better write it down,or you will forgetthat,said the wife.No,I can remember that,the husband got a little unhappy and went intothe kitchen.After about 20 minutes,the husband returned with a plate of fish.The wife laughed,Haha!Your bad memory!I wanted some bread with cream.（1）How old was the wife?A.Eight.B.Eighteen.C.Eighty.D.Eighties.（2）Why did the couple go to the doctor?A.Because they had a headache.B.Because they had bad memories.C.Because the doctor was their son.D.Because the old man was ill.（3）What did the husband give to the wife?A.An ice cream.B.Some strawberries and cream.C.Some bread with cream.D.Some fish.（4）What did the wife really want？A.Some bread with cream.B.An ice cream with some strawberries and cream.C.A plate of fish.D.Some strawberries and cream.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）D（4）B【解析】【分析】文章大意：一对老夫妇记忆力出现了问题，去看医生，医生说没有什么大碍，然他们把想做的事记下来便于他们记忆，一天骑在让丈夫拿东西，妻子让他记下来，他说他记住了，可是拿来的不是妻子想要的。（1）细节理解题，根据 An eighty-year-old couple were having trouble with theirmemories.可知他们已经八十了，故答案是C。（2）细节理解题，根据 An eighty-year-old couple were having trouble with theirmemories.可知他们去看医生是因为他们的记忆出现了问题，故答案是B。（3）细节理解题，根据 After about 20 minutes,the husband returned with a plate offish.可知，丈夫给他妻子拿来的是鱼，故答案是D。（4）细节理解题，根据 Will you get me an ice cream?I also want some strawberriesand cream on top.可知吗，妻子要的是带有草莓和奶油的冰淇淋，故答案是B。【点评】考查阅读理解，本文涉及到了细节理解题，细节理解题比较简单，一般可以直接在文中找到答案。4阅读理解 Australia at last!The flight was tiring,but here I am at last,in Sydney!Look!Here we are at last!The Sydney Opera House!It looks like shells!Its wonderful and amazing!And Im taking the plane to New Zealand on Tuesday.Ill post againfrom there.Coffee and Paris!Paris is beautiful!We went on a great city tour.We also took a boat ride onthe River Seine.And its nicer to just sit at a street care and watch the world go by.But,to tell youa secret.Franks disappointed because no one can understand his French!Dont come here!Were staying at a farm in Utah.There is nearly nothing!Its too quiet.Everymorning,we get up really early,and we ride the horses.Then its breakfast and more riding-notmy idea of fun!So,today I walked to a little town near the farm where they actually haveInternet!Next week,were shopping in New York.I cant wait!（1）Where is Jessy writing from?A.Sydney.BNew Zealand.C.Paris.D.Utah.（2）What did Donna and Frank do during their travelling?A.They visited museums.B.They took a boat ride.C.They sat at a street park.D.They watched movies in the cinema.（3）Which of the following is TRUE according to Annas Moments（朋友圈）?A.It is too noisy around the farm.B.Her idea of fun is horse riding.C.She is going to London next week.D.She cannot use Internet at the farm.【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）D【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文讲的是 Jessy,Donna,Anna 几个人参观不同的城市的感受。（1）细节理解题。根据 Australia at last!The flight was tiring,but here I am at last,inSydney!澳大利亚是最后一站。这次飞行很令人厌烦，但是在悉尼这里是我最后一站。故选A。（2）细节理解题。根据 We also took a boat ride on the River Seine.我们还乘船游览了塞纳河。故选 B。（3）细节理解题。根据 So,today I walked to a little town near the farm where they actuallyhave Internet!因此，今天我步行到农场附近的一个小镇在那里他们实际上是有网络的。可知农场没有网络，她不能在农场使用网络，故选D。【点评】此题考查阅读理解。我们先分析问题，弄清题意，然后带着问题阅读短文，从短文的细节中找出和问题相关的细节，选出正确答案。5阅读理解 For more than six million American children,coming home after school means coming to anempty house.Some deal with the situation by watching TV.Some may hide.But all of them havesomething in common.They spend part of each day alone.They are called latchkey children.Theyre children who look after themselves while their parents are working.And their badcondition has become a subject of concern.Lynette Long was once the headmistress of an elementary school.She said,We had a school ruleagainst wearing jewellery.A lot of kids had chains around their necks with keys fastened.I wasconstantly telling them to put them inside their shirts.There were so many keys.It never came tomy mind what they meant,Slowly,she learned they were house keys.She and her husband began talking to the children who had them.They learned of the impact（影响）working couples and single parents were having on their children.Fear is the biggestproblem faced by children at home alone.One in each three latchkey children the Longs talked toreported being scared.Many had nightmares and were worried about their own safety.The most common way latchkey children deal with their fears is by hiding.It might be in ashower stall,under a bed,or in a closet.The second is TV.Theyll often play it at high volume.Itshard to get statistics（统计数据）on latchkey children,the Longs learned.Most parents areslow to admit they leave their children alone.（1）The main idea about latchkey children is that they _.A.are growing in numbers B.suffer problems from being left aloneC.watch too much TV during the day D.are also found in middle class neighbourhoods（2）Which sentence in the second paragraph is the topic sentence?A.We had a school rule against wearing jewellery.B.A lot of kids had chains around their necks with keys fastened.C.Slowly,she learned they were house keys.D.I was constantly telling them to put them inside their shirts.（3）he main feeling these children have when they are at home by themselves is_.A.tiredness B.freedom C.loneliness D.fear（4）The Longs study was mainly on _.A.lonely children who have single parentsB.children whose parents are working or who have one parent onlyC.children who have the problem of fearD.parents who are working far from their homes（5）We may draw a conclusion（结论）that _.A.its difficult to find out how many latchkey children there areB.latchkey children try to hide their feelingsC.latchkey children often watch TV with their parentsD.latchkey children enjoy having such a large amount of time alone【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）D（4）B（5）A【解析】【分析】本文介绍了美国一些“钥匙儿童”的生活情况这一社会问题。（1）推理题。根据 their bad condition has become a subject of concern他们的糟糕状况已经成为人们关注的话题可知，关于钥匙儿童的主要观点是他们独自一人会有问题，故选B。（2）主旨题。根据 Slowly,she learned they were house keys可知，慢慢地，她了解到它们是房子的钥匙是第二段的主题句子，故选C。（3）细节题。根据 Fear is the biggest problem faced by children at home alone 可知，这些孩子独自在家时的主要感觉是害怕，故选D。（4）细节题。根据 They learned of the impact（影响）working couples and single parentswere having on their children可知，主要研究父母在工作或只有一个父母的孩子，故选B。（5）推理题。根据 Its hard to get statistics（统计数据）on latchkey children 可知，结论是很难查出有多少挂钥匙的孩子，故选A。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。6阅读理解 Want to enjoy some extreme sports（极限运动）?Here are a small number of the extremesport clubs across universities in the UK.Octopush（水中曲棍球）Oxford,York.Aberdeen and Warwick are only some of theuniversities that offer this rather unusual sport.Anyone who isable to swim can play.It is played by two teams of six players.Skiing and snowboardingNearly every university in the UK has a skiing and snowboardingclub.For example,Brumski 8.Board Club of BirminghamUniversity has run for 30 years and hasabout 500 members.They hold Christmas and Easter ski trips every year andtakeEveryone wears a mask and carries a small wooden stick.part in competitions.SkateboardingWarwickUniversity is home to the Longboarding Club.Alongboard is two or three feet longer than a usual skateboardand has a wider wheel base.Instead of offering club T-shirts,theLongboarding Club lets members have their personal socks.BASE jumpingThe University of Lincoln offers BASE jumping.In BASE jumping,players jump fromfixed objects and use a parachute（降落伞）to breaktheir fall.They go on weekly trips to SkydiveHibaldstow._.（1）If a student wants to take part in Octopush,he or she should be able toA.ski B.swim C.skate D.skydive（2）How many members are there in Brumski&.Board Club?A.About 30.B.About 300.C.About 50.D.About 500.（3）A usual skateboard is _than a longboard.A.shorter B.longer C.wider D.bigger（4）Which university offers BASE jumping?A.Oxford.B.York.C.Lincoln.D.Warwick.（5）According to the passage,which of the following is the most common sport in UKuniversities?A.Octopush.B.Snowboarding.C.Skateboarding.D.BASE jumping.【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）A（4）C（5）B【解析】【分析】本文介绍了英国各大学的少数极限运动俱乐部。（1）细节题。根据水中曲棍球的介绍 Anyone who is able to swim can play 可知如果一个学生想参加水中曲棍球，他或她应该会游泳，故选B。（2）细节题。根据 Brumski 8.Board Club of Birmingham University has run for 30 years andhas about 500 members 布鲁姆斯基 8 和伯明翰大学董事会俱乐部已经运作了30 年，可知大约有 500 名成员，故选 D。（3）推理题。根据 A longboard is two or three feet longer than a usual skateboard 长板比普通滑板长两到三英尺可知普通的滑板比长板短，故选A。（4）细节题。根据 The University of Lincoln offers BASE jumping 可知 Lincoln 提供基础跳跃，故选 C。（5）推理题。根据 They hold Christmas and Easter ski trips every year and take part incompetitions 他们每年都举行圣诞节和复活节滑雪旅行，并参加比赛 可知滑雪板运动是英国大学最常见的运动，故选 B。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。7阅读理解 Many of us dont pay much attention to the importance of eye care.It is said that if you takecare of your body,then you can surely be healthy.That is why our eyes should be given a lot ofcare.Natural eye care should be put in the first place.There are several causes leading to poor eyesight like not eating enough food,genes（基因）and.aging（老化）.Televisions,computers and reading are also the causes of having pooreyesight.If you happen to work in front of a computer,youd better take a break every once in awhile.Something dirty can cause redness and it will make you feel uncomfortable.It is bad for youreyes,too.If this happens,the best way is to clean your eyes by using cold water.You must also tryyour best to protect your eyes from harmful things.For example,sunglasses are not just forfashion but they can also serve as a great way to protect your eyesight from UV rays.Eating healthy food will do good to your eyesight.Remember that vitamins A,C and E are goodfor eyes.Try to eat food groups that have these vitamins.And you should do eye exercisesbecause they protect your eyesight,too.If a person exercises regularly（定期地）and eats theright kind of food,his eyes will stay in good condition