高考英语专题复习-时态语态讲解及练习.pdf

时态语态及一般用法谓语构成时间状语特殊用法一般现在时：Be(am,is,are)doalways,usually,eve1)按火车、汽车、飞机等时刻1)经常性或习惯性的动作表将要发生的事/doesrytime,seldom,2)现在的特征，状态 及能am/is/are donesometimesoften,2)在时间、条件、方式状语从力句中，用一般现在时代替一now3)普遍真理,格言警句般将来时。andthen,特殊句型:1)Here/Thereoccasionallycomes ourteacher.(一般现在时表正发生动作)2)It is/has been+时段+since.一般过去时：表示过去发生的，和现在无联系的动作或状态或习惯动作be(was,were)yesterday,lastdidweek,an hour ago,the other day,in1982,just nowwas/were donenext,tomorrow,1）一般将来时可用来表示一in+时段，from now种倾向或习惯性动作.on,in the future,eg.Oil will float on water.Whenever he has time,hewill come.其否定式表示“不能 没法”Themachinewontwork.(机器没法开动)2）Cf:be going to 表示说话前 已经作 出的 主观的 打算或计划，或用 来表达 有某 种迹象 要发生的事will do 表示谈话时临时决定的意图，具有临时性和偶然性be to do表示约定、计划或职责、义务要求即将发生的动作。be about to do“正要干什么”，表示即将发生的动作，不与表示将来的时间状语连用。常与when 连用，when 意为：“就在这时”，是并列连词 构成句一般将来时：will/shall do将来某个时刻（或某段时am/is/are going to间内）将来要发生的动作doam/is/are to doam/is/are about todowill/shall be donewould/should bedonewas/were going tobe done第 1 页 共 7 页型：beabouttodo when现在完成时:1表示过去have/has done发生的某一动作对现在have/hasbeen造成的影响或结果，有done时没有时间状语，有时有时 间 状Theyhavecleaned the classroom.(Theycleanedtheclassroom and it is cleannow.)2 表示过去已经开始，持续到现在而且可能继续下去的动作状态。for+时段,since,so特殊句型:far,ever,never,just,yet,till/until,up to now,in thepast()years,always,recently1)Itsthefirsttimethat(have/has done).2)It has been/is+时间段+since.This is the best film that Ihave ever seen.3)短暂性动词的完成时不与时间段连用,如需连用可转化成相应的延续性动词,如diebedead,leavebeHe hasnt given me anyaway,come backbe back,more trouble since then.fall in love with-be in lovewith,marrybe married to,join be a member of/beinHe has died.He has beendead3years.(He died3years ago.)高考英语二轮时态语态一览表及练习时态、语态及一般用法：现在完成进行时：将来完成时表将来某时已发生 的 动作.谓语构成时间状语特殊用法：have/hasdoinghave/hasbeing donebeenallday long,thewholebeenmorning,for+时段表示现在以前这段时间内一直在进行或反复的动作.(可能仍在进行，也可能停了一会儿.)1）How long has it been raining?2）Ive beensitting here all day.有时也用来表揣测.They will have arrived by now.We worked together for a year.He wont haveforgotten me.will/shallhaveby+将来时间.donebe going to havedonewill/shallhaveIshallbeen donehavebe going to havefinishedbeen doneit beforelunch.The newbuilding第 2 页 共 7 页will havebeencompleted by theendofAugust.过去完成had done时had been done表示在过去某一时刻或动作之前已经完成了的动作，即“过 去 的过去”。before,by,until,when,after,once bythe end of+过去时间1）用于 hardly when;no sooner than （一.就）等句子中。Hardly had we arrived when she startedcomplaining.2）hope,thinkexpect,intend,mean,suppose,want,imagine 等，用于过去完成时，表示过去未实现的希望或意图。I had hoped to take my seat in all this noisewithout being found.我本希望乘着这些噪音不被发现地坐到位置上。（但实际上未实现）3)It is the first time+从句（从句用现在完成时have/has done）；It was the first time+从句（用过去完成时 haddone）。eg.It is the first time that Ive been here.It was the first time that he had ever spokento me in such a tune.4)用于对过去假设的虚拟语气中的从句。If I had known his telephone number yesterday,I would have called5)by the time+从句（用一般过去时）作状语，主句用过去完成时 We had finished the work by现在进行时：1 表示说话时正在进行而尚未完成的动作或状态。2 表示现阶段一直在进行的动作，但说话时不am/is/are doingam/is/aredonethese days,nowadays,beingat present,at themoment,nowlast month(by the time he came.)1)下列动词用现在进行时可以表示将来很快要发生的动作，即一般将来时。如：go,come,leave,begin,arrive,return,fly,drive，take 等。Weremoving to the new building next week.2)下列副词 always,continually,constantly,never 等常一般现在时连用，但若用于进行时则表示厌恶或赞扬的感情色彩。You are always forgetting the importantthings.3无进行时态的动词：表“存在、所有、知觉、认为，感情”等状态存在：keep,stay,remain,be,consist of,contain第 3 页 共 7 页一定正在进行。I dontreallyworkhere.Imhelpinguntil thenewsecretarycomes.过去进行was/were+doingat that time,时：1 表was/were+beingthen,this示过去+donetime某一时间yesterday last正进行的week,at10动作。通oclocklast常有时间night状语（从句），或由上下文表示。Theteachercameinwhentheyweretalking.所有：have,belong to,possess,own,hold知 觉：sound,look/seem/appear,smell,taste,feel,see,hear认识:understand,know,suppose,remember,admit,forget,believe情感：like,love,hate,prefer,Hope,want,wonder 等的过去进行时用来提出请求，表示委婉的语气，实际表示现在的情况I was hoping you could send me some moneystamps.(I hope)e,go,plan,expect,hope,intend,lookforward to 等词可用进行时表达本来打算做实际没做成的事He was expecting to finish the work last month,but the machine went wrong.3.在口语中过去进行时可表示最近刚刚过去的事情_-What did you say?-I was asking what youthought of it.Exercises:1.Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology _ sorapidly.A.is changingB.has changedC.will have changedD.will change2.I wonder why Jenny _ us recently.We should have heard from her by now.A.hasnt writtenB.doesnt writeC.wont writeD.hadnt written3.Excuse me,sir.Would you do me a favor?-Of course.What is it?-I _ if you could tell me how to fill out this form.A.had wonderedB.was wonderingC.would wonderD.did wonder4.-_David and Vicky _ married?-For about three years.A.How long were;beingB.How long have;gotC.How long have;beenD.How long did;get5.Now that she is out of job,Lucy _ going back to school,but she hasnt decided yet.第 4 页 共 7 页A.had consideredB.has been consideringC.consideredD.is going to consider6.They _ on the program for almost one week before I joined them,and now we _on it as no good results have come out so far.A.had been working;are still workingB.had worked;were still workingC.have worked;were still workingD.have worked;are still working7.When the old man _ towalk back to his house,the sun _ itself behind themountain.A.started;had already hiddenB.had started;had already hiddenC.had started;eas hidingD.was started;hid8.Scientists think that the continents _ always where they _ today.A.arent;areB.arent;wereC.werent;areD.werent;were9.If the traffic hadnt been so heavy,I could have been back by 6 oclock.-What a pity!Tina _ here to see you.A.isB.wasC.would beD.has been10.The country life he was used to _ greatly since 1992.A.changeB.has changedC.changingD.have changed11.Where did you put the car keys？-Oh,I _ I put them on the chair because the phone rang as I _ in.A.remembered;comeB.remembered;was comingC.remember;comeD.remember;was coming12.I have to go to work by taxi because my car _ at the garage.A.will be repairedB.is repairedC.is being repairedD.has been repaired1.Why dont you put the meat in the fidge?It will _ fresh for several days.A.be stayedB.stayC.be stayingD.have stayed2.The crazy fans _ patiently for two hours,and they would wait till the movie stararrived.A.were waitingB.had been waitingC.had waitedD.would wait3.George and Lucy got married last week.Did you go to their wedding?-No,I _.Did they have a big wedding?A.was not invitedB.have not been invitedC.hadnt been invitedD.didnt invite4.Millions of pounds worth of damage _ by a storm which swept across the north ofEngland last night.A.has been causedB.had been causedC.will be causedD.will have been caused5.What would you do if it _tomorrow?-We have to carry it on,since weve got everything ready.A.rainB.rainsC.will rainD.is raining6.Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea,which _ the Pacific,and we met no storms.A.was calledB.is calledC.had been calledD.has beencalled第 5 页 共 7 页7.In a room above store,where a party _,some workers were busily setting the table.A.was to be heldB.has been heldC.will be heldD.is being held8.I _ along the street looking for a place to park when the accident _.A.went;was occurringB.went;occurredC.was going;occurredD.was going;had occurred9.When he turned professional at the age of 11,Mike _ to become a world championby his coach and parents.A.expectedB.was expectingC.was expectedD.would be expected10.The moment the 28th Olympic Games _ open,the whole world cheered.A.declaredB.have been declaredC.have declaredD.were declared11.Did you see a man in black pass by just now?-No,sir.I _ a newspaper.A.readB.was readingC.would readD.am reading12.-_you _him around the museum yet?-Yes.We had a great time there.A.Have;shownB.Do;showC.Had;shownD.Did;show1.The news came as no surprise to me.I _ for some time that the factory was going toshut down.A.had knownB.knewC.have knownD.know2.By the end of last year,another new gymnasium _ in Beijing.A.would be completedB.was bing completedC.has been completedD.had been completed3.You were out when I dropped in at your house.-Oh,I _ for a friend from England at the airport.A.was waitingB.had waitedC.am waitingD.have waited4.The window is dirty.-I know.It _ for weeks.A.hasnt cleanedB.didnt cleanC.wasnt cleanedD.hasnt been cleaned5.With more forests being destroyed,huge quantities of good earth _ each year.A.is washing awayB.is being washed awayC.are washing awayD.are being washed away6.As soon as he comes back,Ill tell him when _ and see him.A.you will comeB.will you comeC.you comeD.do you come7.Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it _yesterday.A.was happeningB.happensC.has happenedD.happened8.The house belongs to my aunt but she _ here any more.A.hasnt livedB.didnt liveC.hadnt livedD.doesnt live9.Customers are asked to make sure that they_ the right change before leaving theshop.A.will giveB.have been givenC.have givenD.will be given10.My friend,who _ on the International Olympic Committee all his life,is retiring nextmonth.第 6 页 共 7 页A.servedB.is servingC.had servedD.has served11.They _ two free tickets to Canada,otherwise theyd never have been able to affordto go.A.had gotB.gotC.have gotD.get12.At the end of the meeting,it was announed that an agreement _.A.has been reachedB.had been reachedC.has reachedD.had reached第 7 页 共 7 页