名词性从句学案(优).doc

名词性从句学案(优)
名词性从句复习学案
班级_____________ 组别_________________ 姓名__________________
【自主学习，明确目标】
1. 教学目标：1）了解名词性从句的定义、种类，及其位置。
2）掌握名词性从句的语序，引导词的选择及其技巧。
2．教学重点: 熟记that, whether, if, what, which等引导词的特殊用法。
3. 易混淆点：1）whether, if的区别； 2）that, what的区别；
3) what, which 的区别 4) 主语从句中的主谓一致问题。
【自主学习，问题生成】
一、感受名词性从句: 猜猜下列谚语的汉语意思，并判断各句中的名词性从句分别是什么从句。
1. What's lost is lost. (句意：______________________________________________ ________从句)KYYZKmt。3gB5y0e。
2. It is known to all that the earth turns around the sun. (句意： ________从句)hf7UOP6。BN65zlY。
3. Don’t put off till tomorrow what should be done today. (句意： ________从句)9XzziD9。gRe3Ii5。
4. Children are what the mothers are. (句意： ________从句)PSFRXro。w8Jhc7w。
5. We hold this truth that all men are created equal. (句意： ________从句)rwtBmld。mUlCcMA。
二、基础知识回顾：
1. 名词性从句的定义、句法功能和分类
由连接词引导，在复合句中起____词作用的从句叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses)。名词性从句在复合句中的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任________语、 _______语、 ________语和 _______语等，因此根据它在句中不同的句法功能，名词性从句又可分别分为________从句、__________从句、___________从句，和_________从句。PxiM4mD。4kgLKEo。
2. 引导名词性从句的连接词，及其在句中的作用。
名词性从句的引导词
在从句中的作用
连词
that(无意义) whether/ if (是否)
不充当句子成分，只起连接作用
连接代词
what, who, whom(宾格), which, whose,
whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever
主语，宾语，表语，
whose只作定语
连接副词
when, where, why, how, because
whenever, wherever, however
状语
3. 解题方法：
1). 找出主句的谓语，确定是什么从句。
2). 分析从句的句子成分，缺什么，补什么；不缺句子成分，不缺意思，就选_______; 不缺句子成分，只缺是否”， 就选__________或if；缺主语/宾语/表语，就补连接______词，选what, who, whom, which等；缺状语，就补连接_________词，选when, where, why, how等。xJqe17H。xeaRA83。
3). 确定词性后，再根据句子的意思选择适当的引导词。
我的问题：（你在预习中有哪些未能解决的问题和有疑问的地方？写在下面做个备忘吧！等待课堂上与老师和同学他就讨论解决。）bZmXtWs。adL2nq0。
【合作探究，解决问题】
探究一：观察句子，找出主句谓语，划出从句，判断从句类型。
1. Whoever comes is welcome. (____________从句)
2. It is reported that three people were killed in the traffic accident yesterday. (___________从句)IBODoDl。poEbWUr。
3. The question is whether the film is worth seeing. (____________从句)6J9m7ub。2WJrJvt。
4. I wondered why you were so angry. (____________从句)7p7XC88。yib8gHU。
5 It all depends on how we solve the problem. (____________从句)eqXT85b。JBN1gKx。
6. I think it necessary that we should do our homework. (_____________从句)GrGar3M。BfjSJt2。
7. I have no idea which one I should choose. (____________从句)VKjTIMK。KZ17rXA。
小结一：1.______从句在复合句中作主语。________从句一般位于主句________词或介词之后(如例1)，为避免主语冗长，句子头重脚轻，经常用_______作形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末(如例2)。 w23L37s。nVC8nSr。
2. 在复合句中作宾语的从句叫作_______从句。它常位于_______词或介词之后(如例4, 5)。当宾语后面还有宾补时，常用______作形式宾语，而把作真正宾语的宾语从句放到__________(如例7) ycCYN8y。YKnQnDk。
3. 在复合句中用作表语的从句叫作_______从句。它一般位于_______ 动词之后。（如例3）。NnZhoD6。FjyzTrL。
4.同位语从句一般位于fact, news, promise, truth, belief, thought, idea, information, doubt, hope, opinion, plan, suggestion等抽象____词之后，进一步解释和说明前面名词的具体内容或含义。(如例8)aSLWF4p。Vavz0Kd。
探究二：名词性从句的语序问题：选择最佳答案。
1. No one can be sure ____ in a million years.
A. what will man look like B. what man will look like5nz2BL6。E0veN2Y。
C. man will look like what D. what look will man like8mVChd3。bzOwHfH。
2. You can’t imagine ____ when they received these nice Christmas presents.calGEAa。dUShuiM。
A. how they were excited B. how excited they were2hWPTeK。IRNXAxz。
C. how excited were they D. they were how excitedSNbLaFC。34rLHXc。
小结二：名词性从句在句中要用_______语序, (即连接词+主语+谓语……)，从句的引导词必须始终置于从句的句首。K6UZ9PK。TCrytb4。
探究三：主谓一致问题：（用括号中的词的适当形式填空。）
1. When the meeting will begin _________ (have) not been decided yet.UU7ORTF。Ig69wg0。
2. When and where the meeting will begin _________ (have) not been decided yet.G3k8m4V。FJLPTe5。
3. When they will start and where they will go_________ (be) still unknown.QT4xUYx。gw03TM8。
4. What we need __________(be) more time.
5. What we need _________(be) more dictionaries.
小结三：1. 单个的主语从句作主语时，主句的谓语动词一般用_______数形式。（如例1）
2. 由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用_______数形式。（如例2）
3. 如果是两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语，谓语动词则用_______数形式。（如例3）
4. 由what引导从句作主语时，主句的谓语动词的数一般与后面的______语的数保持一致。(如例4、5)3ILJeV9。LHAs5r5。
探究四：连接词的选用：
(一)whether和if的选用 (用A. whether/if B. whether C. if 填空)
1. I asked her __________ she had a bike. 2. It is doubtful _________ he will come here. YwxExow。rwJGCXm。
3. _____________ he will come is not clear. 4. The question is __________ he’ll come. KazTebL。N7hRfdV。
5. I haven’t decided _______ to go there. 6. It all depends on ________ they will support us.
7. I don’t know ________ or not he is well. 8. I have no idea _________ the meeting will be put off. zUsKoSA。suKnUY9。
小结：1.用whether，if均可的情况：
(1) 引导_______词后的宾语从句(如例1)； (2)当it作形式主语，主语从句在________时(如例2)yrv37yb。DQ6Pnpo。
2.下列情况下只能用whether, 不能用if引导名词性从句：
(1) 引导 从句并在句首时(如例3)、引导___________从句(如例4)、同位语从句(如例8)；tLff7ID。G9gf4Jt。
(2)引导_____词后的宾语从句(如例6)；(3)从句后紧跟着_______时(如例7); (4) 后接不定式时(如例5)。(二) that 和what 的选用 （选择A. that B. what填空）ZmZtB7e。qnYNxsS。
1. ______ he wants is encouragement. 2. I have no doubt _____ you will succeed.TThjtW0。x8F1WZd。
3. This is _____ we want to know. 4. He is no longer ____he used to be. 8y8XoSV。o3YRWLF。
小结：1. That在名词性从句中_______任何成分，只起连接作用,即当从句是完整的也不缺任何意义时，就选_______。8m9PRZ1。MUrGf6F。
2. _______除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可作从句的_____语、_____语、或_____语，即当从句中缺主语、宾语或表语时，就选______(如例1, 3, 4)。 what的含义是：“什么”、“所……的人/地方/样子”等。HZp6Dww。qUp9UhF。
(三) which 与what 的选用 (选用which或what填空)
1. The Indians used to live in________ is now part of the USA.Hxalqil。gqN76qj。
2. There are many kinds of bikes in the shop. I don't know __________ to choose. 9YcwIay。dYMBM12。
3. I want to buy something for my mother as a gift, but I don’t know _________ to buy. fqv70u5。9XTk9b9。
4. It is still unknown _________ team will win the match.fsklgmJ。f1V8YrA。
解题点拨：_______表示泛指的事物,常译为"什么"或"所……的事物"；
which表示________范围内的“哪一个(些)”。

IqnsL3v。x3rWZlh。
(四) that, because, why 的选用 (选用A. that B. because C. why填空)L9Sj9Oh。9ejgY44。
1. He failed the exam. That’s ______ he didn’t study hard enough. 3AsIbbu。TMU6Zhb。
2. Tom is ill. That was ________ he was absent from school this morning. QzQWeUs。GMPlbsS。
3. The reason why he was late was_______ he missed the train by one minute.BUchPSi。sc0ejAl。
解题点拨：1. That’s because….那是因为……(强调原因)；That’s why….那是……的缘故(强调结果)。
2. 在表语从句中,当reason做主语时, 引导词只能用________,不能用because (如例3) 。
固定句型：The reason why…(定从) is that….……的原因是……
固定句型：The reason why… is/ was that…. ……的原因是……。

YWb9gkQ。PsXYawU。
探究五：连词that
(一) that 的省略 （选择A. that B. (that) 填空）
1. The result is __________ we won the game.
2. I think ________it will clear up this afternoon and __________ they will come to say goodbye to us.aDqX9BT。E0eEldM。
3. This is a very good composition except ___________ there are a few spelling mistakes. zHqBhVR。YqrFzFK。
4. I think it necessary __________ you should read English aloud every day.kj0jeN9。p3uMAn3。
解题点拨：1. That引导主语从句、______从句和同位语从句时不能省略(如例1)。
2. that引导______从句时，常可省略，但在下列三种情况下不能省略：①当that引导的从句作____词的宾语时(如例3)；②当有_____作形式宾语，而that引导的宾语从句放于句末时(如例4)；③当有两个或多个并列宾语从句时，引导第一个从句的that可省略，其余的不可省略(如例2)。

J1CdDxN。qR47844。
(二) 介词后的that宾语从句 (选用A. it that B. that 填空)
1. He is a good student except ________ he is a little bit careless. 0Vl2INo。9u43WeO。
2. You may depend on __________ we shall never lose heart.CLFuw3K。SanKt5m。
解题点拨：that从句一般不作_______词的宾语，偶尔可作except, but, in等的宾语(如例1)；
其他介词后面需要用that从句作宾语时，需要用______ 作形式宾语(如例2)。

pIou2GP。zRWTsEL。
【问题拓展，能力提升】
读下面一篇作文, 划出文中的名词性从句, 并说明是什么从句（主语、宾语、表语从句）。
My name is Li Qing. What I like most are sports and English. I like making friends and I am ready to help others. In my opinion，success in life depends mainly on whether one can get along well with others. I’m sure that I can be your good friend. It is known that a man who has a settled purpose(明确的目标) will surely succeed. My hope is that I can be admitted to a key university I’m dreaming of. However, it is a fact that I don’t do very well in study. All in all, I will make more efforts to make my dream come true.cuwnWjV。lJr2GY7。
第二课时
1. 教学目标：1）学习名词性从句的时态运用；2）学习名词性从句中的虚拟语气；3）学习同位语从句。
2. 教学重难点：1)同位语从句及其引导词的选用;2)疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句
3. 易混淆点：1）同位语从句的引导词whether与that的区别；2）同位语从句与定语从句的区别。 iYzJinr。18U9E4a。
探究一：易错易混淆点： (一) it作形式宾语 （选择最佳答案）
1. We all find _________ important that we (should) make a quick decision. dS111NC。hTZq6uM。
A. that B. it C. this D. which
2. I hate ________when they talk with their mouths full of food. p0WPVeP。qmgXG1q。
A. it B. that C. these D. them
3. I’d appreciate ______ if you can come to help me. hdjnylP。ySHnErm。
A. that B. it C. this D. you
解题点拨：1. 若主句谓语动词是_______，feel，consider, make, believe等，常用______作形式宾语，而将宾语从句置于宾补后(如例1)。
2. 有些动词接从句作宾语时要用______作形式宾语，这类动词主要有________，________，take，love，like, see to, depend on, count on等(如例2、3)。

VZvj0Ap。cuCs7vN。
(二) 名词性从句中的虚拟语气 (选择最佳答案)
1. It is required that the work _____________finished before dark. kcz7332。StQGjLg。
A. will be B. would be C. should be D. must be iJPjFQZ。MqBbeLy。
2. It is strange that he _____ you this.
A. would tell B. should tell C. had told D. has toldMfeKCQJ。Xxigeyk。
3. My suggestion is that we ___________ out early.
A. will start B. would start C. start out D. started 69VYHfK。TAkv3XP。
4. We suggested that the meeting ___________.
A. should put off B. be put off C. was put off D. putting off26qeHXX。DVk6i39。
5. The smile on his face suggested that he ______satisfied with our work.iqiCIY5。Kgox7Kb。
A. was B. is C. be D. has been
6. The boy insisted that he __________nothing wrong and insisted that he __________punished. l1qG9y2。yl7XL9i。
A. should do; not punish B. did; not punish vVDU8W6。o7s071t。
C. had done; not be punished D. do; should not be punished ocNPQX8。Nav3cr7。
小结一：1. 在“It is +形容词(necessary/ natural/ strange/ advisable/…)+ that ...”句型中, 谓语动词常用虚拟语气，即______________(如例2)。VbTe5tr。pr9OGJP。
2. 表示建议、要求、命令, 坚持要求/主张等动词如：_______、advise、propose、demand、______、advice、request、command、order等后的宾语从句、表语从句谓语动词要用__________表示虚拟(如例1、4、6)。cykekDl。g5PaiAY。
注意: suggest当表示“暗示、表明”，insist 表示“坚持认为”时，从句不用虚拟语气，而按需要来选择时态(如例5、6)。9pf1CJd。9XWe8NS。
3. 在suggestion, proposal, plan, order, advice 等表示“建议、计划、命令、劝告”的名词后的同位语从句、__________从句中要用_语气，即__________________(如例3)。VPIzFD1。2YRUx0L。
(三) wh-ever与no matter wh- 的用法区别
1. Sarah hopes to become a friend of ____ shares her interests.Qc6w76U。fGqTYOe。
A. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter whoRHo98qs。LbinTGU。
2. He would believe ______ you said.
A. anything what B. whatever C. no matter what D. what everGKp9JCj。haqJST9。
3. ________ I said, he wouldn’t listen to me.
A. Whatever B. No matter what C. Whatever/No matter what D. Anything whatSlsBBCv。ljS237f。
解题点拨：wh-ever既可引导名词性从句，又可引导让步状语从句(如例1、2)；
而no matter wh-只能引导让步状语从句(如例3)。

w0uD2Xn。I3SFdKy。
探究二：同位语从句
(一)同位语从句中引导词的选用 (用适当的连词完成句子)
1. I have no idea _________ he has gone. 2. I have no idea _________ he did it.HH6X8Ah。ACPhzwp。
3. I have no idea __________ he did.
解题点拨：在have no idea 之后常用wh-引导同位语从句。

4. A saying goes _________practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧是一句谚语。f7wDQmK。ak3P4He。
5. Word(消息) came_____ the mayor(市长) will visit our school next week.wyDVmcw。PCP7gs5。
解题点拨：同位语从句的引导词有时与它所解释说明的名词被其他成分隔开，构成分隔式同位语从句。

(二) 选用whether或that填空
6. There is no doubt __________ he will keep his promise. q51CyKL。u9JkLDG。
7. We have some doubt __________ they can complete the task on time.XuY5ep2。QOogjzf。
8. I don’t doubt ____________ you will succeed.
9. I doubt __________ he will come tonight.
解题点拨：doubt(怀疑)即可作动词，也可作名词，用于肯定句时，其后的宾语从句和同位语从句常用_______ 引导(如例7、9)；doubt用于否定句时(不怀疑)，其后的宾语从句和同位语从句常用_______引导从句(如例6、8)。在同位语从句中表示“是否”时，只能用________,不能用if。

xybETdb。DuZQ0xq。
(三) 选用A. that B. which C. that/which 填空
10. The news__________ (which/ that) our team has won the match is true. (_________从句)ipUpx1U。rxedmie。
11. The news _____________ (which/ that) he told me just now is true．(_________从句)KoWvkO7。qOh81ax。
连词“that”引导同位语从句与定语从句的区别：

引导从句
that
在从句中
的作用
有无意义
可否省略
可否用
which代替
从句的作用
同位语从句
连接词
________成分，
只起连接作用，
______
不省略
不可代替
说明前面名词
的具体内容
定语从句
关系代词
___、___、表语，
起连接作用，
有意义
作____语
时可省略
指____时常可用which代替
_______或限制
先行词
【问题拓展，能力提升】
一、单项填空
1. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _______ he or she wants. iw9avAo。q5FyRpH。
A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. wheneverF7aPXra。ii5HzMv。
2. It is none of your business________ other people think about you. Believe yourself. (2007 福建)wIBLs1T。uvhMw3v。
A. how B. what C. which D. when
3. He didn’t make ______ clear when and where the meeting would be held. (2007天津)NcReeki。dKYg1Yi。
A. this B. that C. it D. these
4. I’d appreciate ______ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.
A. that B. it C. this D. youlRD1raR。6BLsC0L。
5. ___she couldn’t understand was __ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. (2000全国卷)
  A. that; what  B. what; why   C. what; because  D. why; thatlTrlivi。pslDhzs。
6. Word came _____ Napoleon(拿破仑) himself was coming to inspect them.X62cimp。V4qeXNL。
A. which B. when C. what D. that
7. It suddenly occurred to him _____ he had left his keys in the office. (2012年江西卷)QqXylaT。vemo6Cp。
A. whether B. where C. which D. that FT2XMje。NgxgdfD。
8. Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew _____ she was so angry. (2010 湖南卷) A. where B. whether C. that D. whykyzRn7Z。mi0V85N。
9. —I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.WnAiGBM。Ha8wCbX。
—That’s ____ I don’t agree. You should have a more active life. (2010 江苏卷) fQnKnzn。N3n2H0t。
A. where B. how C. when D whatvj2dflj。UIC0NdL。
二、单句改错：
1. I didn’t know that you will come. 2. When the meeting will be held haven’t been decided yet. qE8kwoW。7BqopoT。
3. Could you tell me when will they arrive? 4. I don’t know how I should do next. 649ouAN。TgilMR8。
5. How and why he did the experiment are unknown to all.RTAGqHu。HImX6gv。
三、以下是一封高三毕业生给老师的一封信, 在空白处填入适当的连接词，使其内容完整、意思连贯。
Dear teachers，
____makes us depressed ______ we will graduate from Chongya Middle School. The reason why we are so sad is _______ we will have to say goodbye to our lovely teachers and classmates.alX9IS9。nqYh8BX。
The days we spent together are full of joys and tears. _____ you are always so strict with us made me hate you. However, you are also ready to give your hand to_______ turns to you for help. Now we understand _____you have tried to do for us. _____ you do and say is of great help to ussbSvTsH。6cjIRGC。
We don’t care about _______we can survive the struggle———National Entrance Exam or not. _____ we cherish is _____we have enjoyed the process.0RNZ7Ui。9eywcVz。
Thanks for your teaching! Best wishes!
Yours，