高等学校研究生英语综合教程上.pptx

高等院校研究生英语系列教材综合教程（上）综合教程（上）INTEGRATED COURSE2UNIT 2ART OF THE TABLECulinary Delights in ChinaReading FocusReading Focus Global Understanding 2Detailed Information3Critical Thinking4Language Points5Reading FocusReading FocusVocabulary in Action6Background Information1Reading FocusReading Focus Global Understanding2Local Chinese cuisines3Every dish has a story4Warmth and hospitalityexpressed by food(Paras.2-5)(Paras.6-11)(Paras.12-15)Introduction(Para.1)Local Chinese cuisinesSichuan cuisine:A._B._C.the use of Chinese prickly ash seeds and other spices like chili pepper Reading FocusReading Focus Global Understandingdelicious yet economicalfamous for its spicy and hot food It is widely acknowledged that from the Ming dynasties onwards,there are eight major schools of cuisine based on regional cooking.(Para.2)school:学派学派Laozi is one of the main works of the School of Taoist.Reading FocusReading Focus Detailed InformationHere,each and every restaurant provides delicious yet economical culinary fare.(Para.3)fare:n.票价；费用；旅客；食物票价；费用；旅客；食物例：例：1)He could barely afford the fare.他几乎付不起车费。他几乎付不起车费。2)For fishers,this is the everyday fare,though not usually for the morning meal as well!这些食物对渔民来说，虽然都是日常的食粮，但他们自己也这些食物对渔民来说，虽然都是日常的食粮，但他们自己也甚少在早上享用。甚少在早上享用。Reading FocusReading Focus Detailed Information Guangdong cuisine:A.with its _ _ _B.famous for _ _C._Reading FocusReading Focus Global Understandingown characteristics that has exerted a far-reaching influence on other parts of China and the worldits seafood as well as for its originality and refined cooking processesoffering various soupsLocal Chinese cuisines Guangdong Province is located in southern China,with a moderate climate and abundant produce all year round.(Para.4)moderate:(adj.)neither very big nor very small,very hot nor very cold,very fast nor very slow etc 中等的，适度的中等的，适度的 moderate exercise 适度的运动a moderate income 过得去的收入have moderate success 大致还算成功at a moderate speed 以适中的速度“produce”,used as a noun,means food or other things that have been grown or produced on a farm to be sold e.g.fresh local produce 新鲜特产 dairy produce 奶产品 Reading FocusReading Focus Language Point As one of the earliest ports open to foreign trade,the province has developed a culinary culture with its own characteristics that has exerted a far-reaching influence on other parts of China as well as throughout the world where it is the most commonly available Chinese cuisine.(Para.4)exert:vt.施加施加(影响、压力影响、压力);运用运用(权威权威);耗费耗费(自己的精力自己的精力)例：例：1)He exerted considerable influence on the thinking of the scientific community on these issues.他对科学界在这些问题上的思考施加了相当大他对科学界在这些问题上的思考施加了相当大的影响。的影响。2)Do not exert yourself unnecessarily.不要无谓地耗费自己的精力。不要无谓地耗费自己的精力。Reading FocusReading Focus Detailed InformationZhejiang cuisine:A._B._Reading FocusReading Focus Global Understandinglight and exquisitewith the refreshing flavors of natureLocal Chinese cuisines Zhejiang cuisine is light and exquisite,and is typical of food from along the lower Yangtze River.(Para.5)light:(adj.)food or alchholic drink that is light either does not have a strong flavor or is easy to digest e.g.1)We had a light white wine with the fish.2)a light,refreshing dessertexquisite:(adj.)extremely beautiful and delicate 精致的；精致的；精美的精美的 e.g.an exquisite hand-painted vase 精致的手绘花瓶精致的手绘花瓶 Reading Focus Reading Focus Language Point-but often the flavor is less authentic compared to that found in Hangzhou,capital of Zhejiang Province,which has unique access to the fish and water of West Lake.(Para.5)authentic:adj.真正的，真实的；可信的真正的，真实的；可信的例：例：authentic Italian food.正宗的意大利食品。正宗的意大利食品。I had obtained the authentic details about the birth of the organization.我已经弄到了有关该组织成立的可靠的详细资料我已经弄到了有关该组织成立的可靠的详细资料Reading FocusReading Focus Detailed InformationEvery dish has a storyReading FocusReading Focus Global UnderstandingGoubuli:A.Goubuli steamed buns _.B.They were _.Dongpo Meat:A._,a greatpoet of the Northern SongDynasty.B._.first sold in Tianjin about 150 years ago so popular that the owner had no time to answer his customersThis dish was named after Su DongpoHe rewarded workers with stewed pork in soy sauceIt is said that,when he was in charge of the drainage work for the West Lake,Su Dongpo rewarded workers with stewed pork in soy sauce,and people later named it Dongpo Meat,to commemorate this gifted and generous poet.(Para.9)reward sb.with sth.:奖赏奖赏Those scientific and technological personnel have been rewarded with a great sum of money.Reading FocusReading Focus Detailed InformationEvery dish has a storyReading FocusReading Focus Global UnderstandingBuddha Jumping over the Wall:A.This dish was created in the _.B.It is prepared _.C._.Gathering Spring Garden in Fuzhou,Fujian,during the reign of Qing Emperor Guangxu.with more than 20 main ingredientsA poet wrote a poem for the dish Buddha Jumping over the Wall was created in a restaurant called Gathering Spring Garden in Fuzhou,Fujian,during the reign of the Qing Emperor,Guangxu(1875-1908).(Para.11)reign:(n.)the period of time during which someone is king or queen e.g.changes that took place during his reignreign:(v.)to rule a nation or group of nations as their king,queen,or emperor e.g.George VI reigned from 1936 to 1952.Reading FocusReading Focus Language Point Fragrance spreads to the neighborhood once the lid lifts,One whiff and the Budda jumps the wall,abandoning the Zen precepts.(Para.11)坛启荤香飘四邻，佛闻弃禅跳墙来。坛启荤香飘四邻，佛闻弃禅跳墙来。Reading FocusReading Focus Detailed InformationWarmth and hospitality expressed by foodReading FocusReading Focus Global UnderstandingEating habits have not changed.A.The old and young _.B.Elders _.C.The hostess or host _.D.Every one_.sit in order of seniority select food for the young and the young make toasts to the eldersapportions the dishes to treat gueststakes into consideration the needs of the group The elders select food for the young while the young make toasts to the elders.(Para.12)If you make a toast to someone,you drink something in order to thank them,wish them luck etc.e.g.Id like to make a toast to the bride and groom.Reading FocusReading Focus Language Point In China,food eaten during festivals is particularly important.At different festivals,people partake of different fare.(Para.15)partake of:to eat or drink something that is offered to you e.g.1)Grandmother likes to partake of a small glass of sherry before lunch.2)Will you partake of a glass of wine?Reading FocusReading Focus Language Point Reading FocusReading Focus Global UnderstandingSpecial food for social festivals:A._.B._.C._.Jiaozi for the Spring FestivalYuanxiao for the Lantern FestivalZongzi for Duanwu FestivalWarmth and hospitality expressed by foodAt the Duanwu festival,people eat zongzi,glutinous rice wrapped in triangular shape in reed leaves,to commemorate the beloved poet Qu Yuan,who drowned himself in the Miluo River after being politically wronged.(Para.15)wrong:n.坏事；不公正坏事；不公正 adj.错误的；失常的；不适当的错误的；失常的；不适当的 vt.委屈；无理地对待；诽谤委屈；无理地对待；诽谤You wronged him when you said that he was dishonest.你说他不诚实是屈了他了。你说他不诚实是屈了他了。Reading FocusReading Focus Detailed InformationText ExplorationTask 2Choose the sentence that best expresses the meaning of the sentence from the text.(P 43)Reading FocusReading Focus Detailed InformationKey 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-CDABDBBDABTask 1Choose the answer that is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the sentence.(P46)Reading FocusReading Focus Vocabulary in Action Key 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-ABBCBABCACTask 21.budA.A blossom develops from a _.B.In this poem,the _ flower means youth.2.accessA.The only _ to that ancient castle is along a muddy track.B.Users can _ their voice mail remotely.3.tasteA.The medicine had a slightly bitter _.B.There was a lot of hard work before we first _ success.Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate form of the word given and explain its meaning.(P47)Reading FocusReading Focus Vocabulary in Action bud(n.)budding(adj.)access(n.)access(v.)taste(n.)taste(v.)4.foolA.Katherine was nobodys _ when it came to money.B.Its no good _ yourself.Hes not coming back.5.produceA.The factory _ an incredible 100 cars per hour.B.We sell tinned goods and local _.6.garnishA.They _ the room with modern paintings.B.The chicken was served with _of parsley and green onion.7.reignA.The Queen _ but does not rule.B.The kings _ lasted for 30 years.Reading FocusReading Focus Vocabulary in Action fool(n.)fooling(n.)produces(v.)produces(n.)garnish(v.)garnishes(n.)reigns(v.)reign(n.)8.concernA.Environmental protection is a growing _ in China.B.He loved his wife,and _ for her happiness.9.nameA.The building is _ after a successful entrepreneur.B.Could I call you by your first _?10.practiceA.Ive_ playing the piano for five years.B.It is his_ to take a walk after dinner every evening.Reading FocusReading Focus Vocabulary in Action concern(n.)concerned(v.)named(v.)name(n.)practiced(v.)practice(n.)Task 3Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate word from the box.Change the form if necessary.Reading FocusReading Focus Vocabulary in Action masterpiece integrate partake steam choiceamaze pleasure present aspire handCuisine in China is a harmonious 1)_ of color,Cuisine in China is a harmonious 1)_ of color,taste,shape and fragrance.For the cooking process,chefs pick taste,shape and fragrance.For the cooking process,chefs pick 2)_ and varied ingredients and seasonings and employ 2)_ and varied ingredients and seasonings and employ the unparalleled and complicated skills 3)_ down from the unparalleled and complicated skills 3)_ down from their fathers,always 4)_ to their ideal of perfection for their fathers,always 4)_ to their ideal of perfection for all the senses.Among the many cooking methods they use are all the senses.Among the many cooking methods they use are boiling,stewing,braising,frying,5)boiling,stewing,braising,frying,5)_ _,crisping,crisping,baking,simmering.baking,simmering.integrationchoicehandedaspiringsteamingWhen they finish theirWhen they finish their 6)6)_ _ they are arranged on they are arranged on a variety of plates and dishes so that they are a real 7)a variety of plates and dishes so that they are a real 7)_ _ _ to view,to smell and ultimately to savor.The to view,to smell and ultimately to savor.The facility to 8)facility to 8)_ of these delights is also of these delights is also distinctivedistinctivechopsticks!To see even the smallest child eat with such chopsticks!To see even the smallest child eat with such dexterity is quite 9)dexterity is quite 9)_ _ for many foreigners.The use for many foreigners.The use of two simple sticks in this way is an art in itself and of two simple sticks in this way is an art in itself and chopsticks havechopsticks have determined the way in which Chinese food is determined the way in which Chinese food is 10)10)_ _ _ at the table.at the table.Reading FocusReading Focus Vocabulary in Action masterpiecespleasurepartakeamazingpresentedmasterpiece integrate partake steam choiceamaze pleasure present aspire handA Cuisine CrisisReading MoreReading MoreDiscuss in groups to identify the missing information.Reading MoreGlobal UnderstandingAbout FrenchcuisineA.As for raw materials,there are:herbs,fruits and vegetables _;seafood,e.g._ wild game,e.g._;and sausages and cheeses laid out to _.piled high in greengrocers creative geometricsoysterhare,venison,boarsmell and savorDiscuss in groups to identify the missing information.Reading MoreGlobal UnderstandingAbout FrenchcuisineB.Nothing has stood for Frances sense of exceptionalism more famously than its cooking.e.g.Water has many _ _ tastes and the taste of olive oils can be _ _.C.If French cuisine has prestige,thats because a._ _ b._ _.different and marketable nutty,fruity impudentFrance has chefs who are interested in good productsFrance still has peasant agriculture as well as factory farmsReading MoreGlobal UnderstandingMany factors caused the decline of French cuisineA.Globalization_ _ Many fruits and vegetables on the outdoor market are imported from foreign countries.Gallic talent,taste and technique have been exported all over the world and at the same time,what is mediocre,cheap and popular has been imported.Reading MoreGlobal UnderstandingMany factors caused the decline of French cuisineB.Government tax and economic policies a.b.c.d.More and more restaurateurs have to cope with red tape,not to mention edicts from Brussels that affect everything from sales taxes to the bacteria in the Brie.The“harmonized”value-added taxes benefit fast-food chains while penalizing sit-down restaurants.Strict labor laws restrict hiring,firing and temp-work.Government regulations,for example,CAP,favor quantity over quality.You cant even be sure where that boar bit the dust.(Para.2)bite the dust:(战斗中战斗中)受伤倒下；倒下死去受伤倒下；倒下死去;一败涂地，失一败涂地，失败败;受辱，丢脸受辱，丢脸例：例：Rowling isnt naming names,but she has said at least two characters will bite the dust.罗林没有指名道姓，但她指出至少有两个角色会大败。罗林没有指名道姓，但她指出至少有两个角色会大败。Reading More Reading More Language Point The congenial quaintness of the street market,in fact,draws directly on globalization.(Para.3)1.congenial:意气相投的；性格相似的；适意的；一致的意气相投的；性格相似的；适意的；一致的She and he were congenial companion in youth.他和她是竹马青梅，他和她是竹马青梅，志趣相投。志趣相投。In theory,winemakers can defuse the threat by simply shifting production to more congenial locations.从理论上来说，只要酿酒商把生产转移到更适宜的地区，从理论上来说，只要酿酒商把生产转移到更适宜的地区，就能化解这种威胁。就能化解这种威胁。2.draw on:利用，吸收利用，吸收And we must draw on the lessons of experience.我们必须借鉴以往的经验教训。我们必须借鉴以往的经验教训。Reading More Reading More Language Point Quite literally,that is now where a lot of French cooking begins-and,increasingly,where the era of great French cuisine as something truly unique and exclusive to France is slowly coming to an end.(Para.3)exclusive to:专为专为所独有；独享所独有；独享 The story is exclusive to this newspaper.这家报纸独家报道这个材料。这家报纸独家报道这个材料。解释：事实上，现在许多法国菜发源于此，而正是这儿却日解释：事实上，现在许多法国菜发源于此，而正是这儿却日 益见证着真正独具法国特色的伟大的法式烹饪时代正益见证着真正独具法国特色的伟大的法式烹饪时代正 在逐渐走向消亡。在逐渐走向消亡。Reading More Reading More Language Point From the Napa Valley to the Thames and Tokyo,non-French cooks have cracked the codes of the best French cuisine.(Para.4)Paraphrase:Cooks from other parts of the world have learned the highlights of the French cuisine.crack:(v.)to solve a complicated problem,or to find the answer to a mystery 解决(难题)；解开(秘密)e.g.Detectives believe they can crack the case.侦探们相信他们可以破这个案子。Reading More Reading More Language Point Meanwhile,what was mediocre elsewherealbeit cheap and popularhas been imported.(Para.4)mediocre:(adj.)not very goode.g.1)I thought the book was pretty mediocre.2)Hes a person of mediocre abilities.albeit:(conj.)although;even if;even though 尽管，即使；纵然 e.g.a peaceful,albeit brief retirement 虽然短暂但却很平静的退休生活 Reading More Reading More Language Point They have become ensnarled in the red tape for which France is infamous.(Para.5)ensnarl:vt.使缠绕 e.g.to be ensnarled in the web of prejudice 陷入偏见之中不能自拔infamous:well known for something bad e.g.an infamous criminal 臭名昭著的罪犯 Reading More Reading More Language Point But the real paradox of French cookingin France,a