二外复习资料.doc

In the early 1600s, a group known as the Separatists lived in England. They were people who wanted to worship God, study the Bible and pray, but the English laws did not allow then to worship as they desired. They were hunted down beaten, and locked up. Eventually, they heard about freedom of religion in Holland, and planned to escape. After much hardship, they were allowed to leave England. Now called Pilgrims, they lived in Holland for 12 years, but left because they couldnt stand the hard life, and couldnt work their own trades. They wanted to find a Kingdom of God for their posterity(后代)to practice religion freely. So they hired the Speedwell and Mayflower to carry them across the Atlantic to a new land in America. The Speedwell had many leaks and had to return back. The Mayflower took in their passengers, making a total of over 100. They sailed two months and three days, cramped and hungry. On November11,1620, the Mayflower spotted land. They landed in Province town, Massachusetts. For over a month, they sent to find the perfect place for them to build their colony. When they finally found a place, they called Plymouth. Right away they started building homes, knowing winter was near. Unfortunately, a violent storm hit when the houses were not yet finished. The Pilgrims were forced to stay on the cramped(狭窄的)Mayflower for their first winter in the new world. When this winter was over, over half of them had died. The Pilgrims eventually made a good friend who helped them. His name was Squanto. He showed them where fish swam, how to hunt deer, and how to plant corn. Squanto was a Native American who was kidnapped(绑架)earlier in his life and taken to England. This is why he was able to communicate with the Pilgrims. With the help of the Native Americans, there was plenty for everyone to eat that first summer, and also plenty to last for the next winter. The Pilgrims had so much to be thankful for. They gave thanks for friends, new homes, freedom of religion, and plenty of food in a three-day celebration with their Native American friends. Today we continue the celebration of the Pilgrims and the Native Americans, and called it thanksgiving. 1.TheSeparatistsleftEnglandinpursuitof_A)wealthB)adventureC)aneasierlifeD)religiousfreedom2.ThePilgrimsspendtheirfirstwinter_A)intheirnewlyfinishedhousesB)ontheshipthatcarriedthemacrosstheAtlanticC)celebratingtheirnewly-wonfreedomD)makingfriendswiththenativepeople3.ThePilgrimslearnttoadapttothenewenvironment_A)withthehelpofthenativesB)byimitatingtheNativeAmericansC)bytrialanderrorD)bylearningfromtheirearlierexperienceinHolland4.HowdidthePilgrimsgetalongwiththeNativeAmericans?A)TheywerehostiletoeachotherB)TheykeptadistancefromeachotherC)TheywereveryfriendlytoeachotherD)Theylearnedfromeachother5.Whatisthecentralideaofthispassage?A)TheoriginofThanksgiving.B)ReligiousFreedomC)EarlyEnglishsettlementsinAmerican D)HardshipsexperiencedbythePilgrimsRecently,oneofmybestfriendJennie,withwhomIhavesharedjustabouteverythingsincethefirstdayofkindergarten,spenttheweekendwithme.SinceImovedtoanewtownseveralyearsago,wehavebothalwayslookedforwardtothefewtimesayearwhenwecanseeeachother.Overtheweekend,wespenthoursandhours,stayinguplateintothenight,talkingaboutthepeopleshewashangingaroundwith.Shestartedtellingmestoriesabouthernewboyfriend,abouthowheexperimentedwithdrugsandwasintootherself-destructivebehavior.Iwasblownaway!Shetoldmehowshehadbeenlyingtoherparentsaboutwhereshewasgoingandevenstealingouttoseethisguybecausetheydidntwantheraroundhim.NomatterhowhardItriedtotellherthatshedeserverbetter,shedidntbelieveme.Herself-respectseemedtohavedisappeared.Itriedtoconvinceherthatshewasruiningherfutureandheadingforbigtrouble.IfeltlikeIwasgettingnowhere.Ijustcouldntbelievethatshereallythoughtitwasacceptabletohangwithabunchoflosers,especiallyherboyfriend.Bythetimesheleft,Iwasreallyworriedaboutherandexhaustedbytheexperience.IthadbeensofrustratingthatIhadcomeclosetotellingherseveraltimesduringtheweekendthatmaybewehadjustgrowntoofaraparttocontinueourfriendship,butIdidnt.Iputthepoweroffriendshiptotheultimatetest.Wedbeenfriendsforfartoolong.IhadtohopethatshevaluedmeenoughtoknowthatIwastryingtosaveherfromhurtingherself.Iwantedtobelievethatourfriendshipcouldconqueranything.Afewdayslater,shecalledtosaythatshehadthoughtlongandhardaboutourconversation,andthenshetoldmethatshehadbrokenupwithherboyfriend.Ijustlistenedontheotherendofthephonewithtearsofjoyrunningdownmyface.Itwasoneofthetrulyrewardingmomentsinmylife.NeverhadIbeensoproudofafriend.6.WhatwordbestsumsupJenniesboyfriend?A)AdruguserB)AloserC)AtroublemakerD)Acriminal7.WhatwastheattitudeofJenniesparentstowardsherrelationshipwithherboyfriend?A)Theywererathertolerant.B)Theywereindifferenttoit.C)Theythoughttheirdaughterdeservedabetterfriend.D)Theydidnotallowhertocontinueit.8.HowdidtheauthorreacttoJenniesrelationshipwithherboyfriend?A)ShetriedherbesttodissuadeJenniefromcontinuingit.B)ShethreatenedtobreakupwithJennieifheradvicewasignored.C)ShewasovercomewithpridethatJennietoldheraboutherboyfriend.D)ShewasveryangrywithJennieforchoosingsuchafriend.9.HowdidtheauthorfeelwhenJennietoldhershehadbrokenupwithherboyfriend?A)Shefeltrelived.B)Shefelthappyandproud.C)Shefeltfrustratedandangry.D)Shefeltexhausted.10.Whatmessagedoestheauthortrytoconveyinthispassage?A)Thepoweroftruefriendshipcanconqueranything.B)Youngpeopleshouldbecarefulinchoosingtheirfriends.C)Parentsshouldtakegoodcareoftheirchildren.D)Drugscandestroyinnocentyoungpeople.For many years large supermarkets have been encouraging us to spend money by pumping the smell of freshly-baked bread into their stories. Now Dale Air， a leading firm of aroma （香气） consultants， has been approached by Barclays Bank to develop suitable artificial smells for their banks. Researchers have suggested that surrounding customers with the “smell if money” will encourage them to feel relaxed and optimistic and give them added confidence in the banks security and professionalism.But before a smell can be manufactured and introduced into banks air conditioning systems. It must be identified and chemically analyzed， and this has proved to be difficult. The problem is that banknotes-and coins tend to pick up the smell of their surroundings. So cash that has been sitting in a cash register at a fishmongers （鱼贩） will smell of fish， and banknotes used to pay for meals in restaurants will tend to smell of food.It may be a challenge， but aroma experts have little doubt that the use of artificial smells can be an effective form of subconscious advertising. Lunn Poly， a British travel company， introduced the smell of coconuts （椰子） into its travel agencies and saw a big increase in spending by holiday makers. Many cafes now have electric dispensers （自动售货机） that release the smell of freshly roasted coffee near their entrances， subtly encouraging customers to come in and have a drink or snack. Even prestigious car maker Rolls-Royce has been spraying the inside of its cars to enhance the smell of the leather seats.“The sense of smell is probably the most basic and primitive of all human senses，” explains researcher Jim ORordan. “ There is a direct pathway from the olfactory （嗅觉的） organs in the nose to the brain.” It is certainly true that most people find certain smells incredibly strong， stringing memories and feelings in a way that few other stimulants （刺激物） can rival. It is a phenomenon marketing consultants have long recognized， but until recently have been unable to harness. “Weve made great progress but the technology of odour production is still in its infancy，” says ORiordan， “Who knows where it will take us.”31.ArtificialsmellshaveNOTbeenusedinAcafesBbanksCtravelagenciesDsupermarkets32.Researchersbelievethatintroducingthe“smellofmoney”intobankswillencouragepeopleAtospendmoneyBtofeelconfidentaboutbanksCtoearnmoremoneyDtowithdrawmoneyfrombanks33.Thedifficultyofproducingthe“smellofmoney”liesinthatApeoplesattitudestowardmoneyaredifferentBits hardtoidentifyandanalyzeitCnotechnologycandoitDexpertshavenomotive34.Theword“harness”inthelastparagraphisclosestinmeaningtoAseeBstudyCcontrolDunderstand35.ResearchersthinkAartificialsmellshelptoimprovepeoplesmemoryBthetechnologytoproduceartificialsmellsisintheearlystageCartificialsmellsareharmfulDtheproductionofartificialsmellsisprofitablyChoice,wearegivento1believe,isaright.Indailylife,peoplehavecometoexpectendlesssituationsaboutwhichtheyarerequiredtomakedecisionsonewayoranother.Inthemain2,thesearejustirksomemomentsatworkwhichdemand someextraenergyorbrainpower,orduringlunchbreakslikechoosingwhichtypeofcoffeetoorderorindeedwhichcoffeeshoptogoto.Butsometimesselectingoneoptionasopposedtoanothercanhaveseriousorlifelongrepercussions.Morecomplexdecision-makingistheneitheravoided,postponed,orputintothehandsofthearmyofprofessionals,Iifestylecoaches,lawyers,advisors,andthelike.waitingtolightentheemotionalburdenforafee2.Butforagoodmany4peopleintheworld,inrichandpoorcountries,choiceisaluxury,notaright.Andforthosewhothinktheyareexercisingtheirrighttomakechoices,thewholesystemismerelyanillusion,createdbycompaniesandadvertiserswantingtoselltheirwares5.Themainimpactofendlesschoiceinpeopleslivesisanxiety.Buyingsomethingasbasicasacoffeepotisnotexactlysimple.Easyaccesstoawiderangeofconsumergoodsinducesasenseofpowerlessness,evenparalysis,inmanypeople,endingintheshoppergivingupandwalkingaway6,orjustbuyinganunsuitableitemthatisnotreallywantedinordertosolvetheproblemandreducetheunease.RecentsurveysintheUnitedKingdomhaveshownthatasizeableproportionofelectricalgoodsboughtperhouseholdarenotreallyneeded.Theadvertisersandtheshareholdersofthemanufacturersare,nonetheless,satisfied.Itisnotjusttheiravailabilitythatistheproblem,butthespeedwithwhichnewversionsofproductscomeonthemarket.Advancesindesignandproductionmeanthatnewitemsarealmostreadybythetimethatgoodshittheshelves7.Productsalsoneedtohaveashortlifespansothatthepubliccanbepersuadedtoreplacethemwithinashorttime.Theclassicexampleiscomputerswhicharealmostobsoleteoncetheyarebought.Atfirst,therewereonlyoneortwoavailablefromalimitednumberofmanufacturers,butnowtherearemanycompaniesallwithnotonlytheirownproductsbutdifferentversionsofthesamemachine.Thismakesselectionaproblem.Gonearethedayswhenonecouldjustwalkwithease.intoashopandbuyonething8;nochoice,noanxiety.Theplethoraofchoiceisnotlimitedtoconsumeritems.Withthegreatermobilityofpeoplearoundtheworld,peoplehavemorechoiceaboutwheretheywanttoliveandworkafairlyrecentphenomenon.Inthepast,nationsmigratedacrosshugeswathesoftheearthinsearchoffood,adventure,andmorehospitableenvironments.Wholenationscrossedcontinentsandchangedthefaceofhistory,Sothemobilityofpeopleisnothingnew.Thecreationofnationstatesandborders9effectivelyslowedthisprocessdown.36.SometimespeopleaskprofessionalstohelpthemmakedecisionsbecauseAthedecisionsmayhaveseriousimpactontheirlivesBonlyprofessionalshavetherighttodothatCtheyhavesufficientmoneytopayDtheyhaveemotionalproblems37.Whenpeoplecannoteasilydecidewhattobuy,whichofthefollowingistheleastpossiblechoice?AGivingupBWalkingawayCBuyinganunsuitableitemDSeekingadvice38.Whydoproductshaveashortlifespannowadays?ATheyareofpoorquality.BTheyarequicklyreplacedwithnewones.CTheyhavetoomanyversions.DTheyarenotdesignedbycomputers.39.Howdoesmigrationtodaydifferfromthatofthepast?APeoplenowmigratetofindbetterjobs.BPeoplenowmigrateforbetterlife.CPeoplenowmigrateforbetterenvironments.DPeoplenowhavemorechoiceaboutwheretomigrate.40.Whichofthefollowingbestexpressesthewritersviewonchoice?ABettermorechoicethannochoiceBBetternochoicethanmorechoiceCAllchoiceiseasyDMorechoice,moreanxiety还有作文的话是青少年之自我反省以自我为中心被溺爱之类的作文是在百度上找的不保证正确率而且如果大家都写一样后果很严重参考一下吧Theproblemofspoilingchildrenhasbeencommonthesedays.Withthedevelopmentofeconomyandtechnology,thequalityoflifehasbecomebetterandbetter.Asaresult,childrentodayareexperiencingmoreandmoreenjoyment.Theirparentswillgivemeunlimitedallowancetosatisfythemsoastoencouragetheirchildrentostudyharder.Consequently.childrenareturningintolittleprincessesandlittleprincesintodayssociety.Thisisdefinitelynottheoutcomewewouldlovetosee.Sincechildrenaregoingtobethefutureofoursociety,itisimportanttotrainthemtodevelopasenseofindependenceaswellasresponsiblityratherthanlaziness.Parentsshouldrealizetheseriousnessofthisproblemsoonandstarttotakeactionstorescuetheirchildren.Otherwise,oursocietywilleventuallymovetowardsadirectionthateveryonedoesntwanttoface.11小汽车正在进入中国家庭22家用汽车的利和弊。FamilyCarsinChinaWiththedevelopmentofcarindustryandtheimprovementofthepeopleslivingstandardinChina,moreandmorecarsaregoingintoChinesefamilies.SomefamilieshavecarsmadeinChina,andothersowncarsimportedfromabroad.Theydrivethemeithertoworkorforholidays.Carshavequiteanumberofadvantages.Itisveryconve