七选五公开课教案.doc

公开课教案：利用逻辑关系来解答七选五
汕头市达濠华侨中学 胡志伟

Teaching aims:
1. To help students understand cohesion in the context;
2. To help the students get some skill of Gap-filling in the NMET.
Teaching important and difficult points:
1. Get some skills of Gap-filling in the NMET based on cohesion;
2. Apply theories to practice.

Teaching Procedures:
Step 1: Warming up
1. Ask students to read the following 2 passages and think about the question: What method does the author use to develop the text?
A
Q: The method the author uses to develop the text is _____________.
Some chemicals can cause food poisoning. They are often added to food while it is being grown, processed, or prepared. For example, many farmers spray(喷洒) chemicals on crops to kill weeds and insects. Some people may have a bad reaction to those chemicals when they eat the crops.
B
Q: The method the author uses to develop the text is _____________.
Make your time worth it. When you do find time to cook a meal, make the most of it and save yourself time later on. Are you making one loaf of bread? Make three or four instead. It takes around the same amount of time to make more of something. So save yourself the effort for a future meal.
2. Introduce some basic characteristics of Gap-filling.

Step 2: Presentation of skills and methods
常见逻辑关系: 因果关系 并列递进关系 转折关系 解释关系 例证关系
因果关系 常见词：_________________________________________________________________________
Ex 1: It is a good thing to stay in touch. However, try not to press your new friend with calls, messages or visits as this would likely wear him or her out and finally you may lose your friend. ________ The best friendships are the ones that grow naturally.
A. Making new friends comes easy for some people.
B. For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch
C. So you will need to give your friend time to react to you.
Ex 2: (2011年全国) Parents should help their children understand money. ________ So you may start talking about money when your child shows an interest in buying things, candy or toys, for example.
A. Ask yourself what things that cost money are most important to you.
B. You should teach your children the value of money as early as possible.
C. The best time to teach a child anything about money is when he shows an interest.

并列递进关系 常见词：_____________________________________________________________________
Ex 1: Enjoy your friendship
The best way to enjoy your friendship is to allow your friends to be themselves. ________ Try not to change them from who they are to what you want them to be. Become the kind of friend you will want your friend to be to you.
A. Do not wait to be spoken to.
B. Try not to find fault with your friends.
C. Making new friends comes easy for some people.
Ex 2: You will want to take notes during classroom discussions and while reading a textbook or doing research for a report. ________ Whenever or however you take notes, keep in mind that note-taking is a selective process.
A. Otherwise, you may not be able to read your notes later.
B. You will also want to develop your own method for taking notes.
C. That means you must first decide what is important enough to include in your notes.

转折关系 常见词：_________________________________________________
Ex 1: Friendship is a very important human relationship and everyone needs good friends. Good friendship has many benefits. It offers companionship, improves self-worth and promotes good health. There are times in our lives such as when we have recently moved into a new town, or changed our jobs or schools. Such changes often leave us without a friend. ________ But for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage. Below are some helpful suggestions on how to make and keep friends.
A. Do not wait to be spoken to.
B. Try not to find fault with your friends
C. Making new friends comes easy for some people.
Ex 2: You didn’t lose “everything”. Once trust is lost, what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life. ________ Instead, it’s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.
A. They’ve been too badly hurt and they can’t bear to let it happen again.
B. This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.
C. Seeing the positive side of things doesn’t mean you’re ignoring what happened.

解释关系 常见词：_________________________________________________________________________
解释例证关系是指后面的句子对前面的句子作解释（是什么）、引申（有本意引出新意）、例证（举例说明）、使意思更加明了，具体。
Ex 1: (2014年全国II) ________ This may surprise you, but one of the best tools for making cooking worth your time is experimentation. It gives you the chance to hit upon new ideas and recipes that can work well with your appetite and schedule. The more you learn and the more you try, the better ability you have to take control of your food and your schedule.
A. Try new things.
B. Understand your food better.

C. Cooking is a burden for many people.
Ex 2: Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences. ________ That is a risk. But you can’t be successful when there’s a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.
A. Learn to really trust yourself.
B. It is putting confidence in someone.
C. Stop regarding yourself as the victim.

例证关系 常见词: __________________________________________________________________________
Ex 1: Winners are great at overcoming problems. ________ Or, you might start to carry along with you the useful phone numbers, so you could call for help when in need. For another example, if your colleague causes you problems on the job for lack of responsibility or ability, find ways of dealing with his irresponsibility or inability rather than simply blame the person.
A. Winners have just as many difficult situations to face as anybody else.
B. Winners are good at seeing the problems as challenges and opportunities to develop their own talents.
C. For example, if you were late because your car broke down, maybe you need to have your car examined more regularly.
Ex 2: (2016年广东适应性测试) lDrive in a variety of conditions
In order for your teen to become a good driver, he or she has to practice driving in a variety of conditions. __________
D. Let your teen finish school before he or she gets on the road
E. An empty parking lot is a good place for a new driver to practice
F. This includes things such as heavy traffic, bad weather and freeways

Step 3: Exercises
1. (2012年全国) 逻辑关系：__________
Don't take it out on yourself.
Sometimes when kids are stressed and upset they take it out on themselves. Oh, dear, that's not a good idea. Remember that there are always people to help you. Don't take it out on yourself. ________
A. You need to figure out what the problem is.
B. Notice your friends' feelings and find a way to help them.
C. Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation.
2. (2010年北京) 逻辑关系：__________
Music is often played in public places because it is designed to make people feel less lonely when they are in an airport or a hotel. It has been proven that Muzak does what it is designed to do. Tired office workers suddenly have more energy when they hear the pleasant sound of Muzak in the background. ________ Supermarket shoppers buy 38 percent more groceries.
A. Music is playing in the background.
B. Factory workers produce 13 percent more.
C. Muzak is played in most of the big supermarkets in the world.
3. 逻辑关系：__________
… On the other hand, the advantages of going overseas may include day-to-day opportunities to learn a new culture, meet new friends with whom you can use and practice the language, and chances to see different parts of the world. ______Those disadvantages include expense, time away from one’s school, family,…
A. The following are its advantages.
B. However, there may be a number of disadvantages.
C. Consider a distance education.
4. 逻辑关系：__________
__________ However, the real movie capital is Mumbai, in India. Mumbai used to be known as Bombay, and so the film industry there is called “Bollywood”
A. Sometimes they even write the script by hand.
B. Most people think that the capital of the movie world is Hollywood, in the United States.
C. They may even shoot scenes for several films on the same day using the same clothes.
5. 逻辑关系：__________
_________ Some choose it because of their religious beliefs. Others say it provides more time for the family to be together.They say home offers a better place for learning. Some parents….
A. So a number of parents began home-schooling.
B. Home–schooling is not accepted by all the people.
C. Parents choose home–schooling for several reasons.
6. (2011年全国) 逻辑关系：__________
Approach money lessons with openness and honesty. ________ If you must say no to a child’s request to spend money, explain, “You have enough toy trucks for now.” Or, if the request is for many different things, say. “You have to make a choice between this toy and that toy.”
A. Tell your child why he can- or cannot- have certain things
B. Permit the child to choose between them.
C. Talk about how the money bought the thing after you leave the toy store.
7. 逻辑关系：1. __________ 2. __________ 3. __________
____1____ One of the best things you can possibly do is to start your own club. It's great fun especially if you are the sort of person who feels there's never anything to do during the school holidays.
The first thing you need to come up with is an idea for your club. ____2____ Some students like keeping pets. Some are fond of pop music. Others enjoy doing sports. The list is endless.
Next you need some friends to be in your club with you. That's easy. All you need is three or four other people who are interested in the same thing as you.
____3____ You should all sit down somewhere together with lots of pieces of paper and write down every name you can think up. That'll keep you busy for ages.
A. Enjoy your own club!
B. Invite a designer to join you.
C. Everyone has their own interest.
D. Some vacation is just around the corner.
E. Then you need to pick a name for your club.
8. 逻辑关系：1. __________ 2. __________ 3. __________
Summer is well underway, and classes of the coming year are preparing college-bound students for university life. So what should these students focus on most to best prepare? ____1____ For example, they can organize class materials, purchase dorm supplies and study the campus map. Most students think that doing these are quite enough. ____2____
● Reach out to future faculty members
…
● Connect with other incoming freshmen and potential roommates
____3____ Reflecting on their freshman experiences, many seniors feel it could have been a better experience had they known some people beforehand. Some suggest connecting with incoming students from your high school, or perhaps a student who might be a family friend.
A. You can always turn to your parents.
B. Consulting experts can open many doors.
C. However, there are still actions that might put them a step ahead.
D. Arriving on campus and realizing you barely know anyone can be frightening.
E. There are plenty of productive ways to spend the final summer before college.

Step 4: 真题演练（2011年辽宁）
Easy Ways to Keep Your Brain Sharp
Everyone is forgetful, but as we age, we start to feel like our brains are slowing down a bit—and that can be a very annoying thing. 71 Read on for some techniques worth trying.
1. 72
People who regularly made plans and looked forward to upcoming events had a 50 percent reduced chance of Alzheimer's disease (早老性痴呆症), according to a recent study. 73 Something as simple as setting a goal to have a weekly coffee date with a friend will do. There's evidence that people who have a purpose in life or who are working on long or short-term goals appear to do better. In other words, keep your brain looking forward.
2. Go for a walk.
Mildly raised glucose (葡萄糖) levels can harm the area of the brain that helps you form memories and physical activity can help get blood glucose down to normal levels. In fact, exercise produces chemicals that are good for your brain. 74
3. Learn something new.
Take a Spanish class online, join a drawing club, or learn to play cards. A study found that mental stimulation (刺激) limits the weakening effects of aging on memory and the mind. But the best thing for your brain is when you learn something new and are physically active at the same time. 75 Or go dancing with your friends.
A. Focus on the future.
B. This can be especially harmful to the aged.
C. It should be something like learning gardening.
D. So take a few minutes each day to do some reading.
E. But don't worry if your schedule isn't filled with life-changing events.
F. Luckily, research shows there is a lot you can do to avoid those moments.
G. In other words, when you take care of your body, you take care of your brain.

Step 5: Homework