主谓一致.doc

高中英语语法：主谓一致讲与练
一、Concept
请观察下列句子中的主语和谓语动词：
I am eighteen, and she is seventeen.
John gets up at six o'clock every morning.
They have not come yet.
主谓一致是指谓语动词在人称和数上必须和主语保持一致。
二、The rules of the subject--verb agreement
1.谓语动词只用单数的情况
(1)不定代词anyone, anybody, anything, everyone, everything, everybody, someone ,somebody, something, no one, nobody, each ,the other等做主语时。
(2)each, every, many a, more than one, no等修饰的名词做主语。
(3)表示时间、距离、价格、金钱、重量等复数名词做主语时。
(4)不定式、动名词、或从句做主语时。
(5)由news, maths, physics, economics等形复意单的名词做做主语时。
(6)the number of +名词做主语时
2.谓语动词只用复数的情况
(1)复数名词做主语时。
(2)and连接两个并列的主语时。(注:当and连接的两个主语表示同一人，同一物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数)
The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting.
War and peace is a constant theme in history.
(3)有两部分构成的表示物体的名词做主语时，如trousers, jeans, glasses, gloves, scissors等。(注：但如果前面有a pair of修饰时，谓语动词用单数)
This pair of trousers is mine.
(4)定语从句中one of ＋复数名词做先行词时，定语从句的谓语动词用复数(注：但当先行词是the only one of ＋复数名词做先行词时，定语从句的谓语动词用单数)。
She is one of the teachers who were praised by the government on Teacher's Day.
She is the only one of the teachers who was praised by the government on Teacher's Day.
(5)a number of+名词做主语时
3.其它
(1) 主语后带有with, along with, together with, as well as, besides, like, but, except, not等引出的名词时，谓语动词和前面的主语保持一致
Healthy eating along with exercise is the only way to become fit.
The teacher as well as stdents was excited.
(2) 分数和百分数做主语时，谓语动词与其后的名词保持一致
The first two problems are difficult.
80% of e-mails on the Internet are in English.
(3) 当or, either...or, neither...nor, not only...but also, whether...or连接的两个名词或代词做主语时，遵循就近原则
Neither he nor I have finished the experiment.
(4) 集合名词如family, class, team, audience, public，group等做主语，作为整体时，谓语动词用单数；作为个体时谓语动词用复数。
The family is a large and good family.
The family are on holiday in Europe.
(5) 名词或代词＋of+名词做主语，谓语动词与of后的名词保持一致。
The rest of the bicycles are on sale.
All of this is wonderful, but the best part of the film is the acting.
(6) all做主语时，指人用复数，指物用单数；all修饰名词做主语时，谓语动词由其后的名词决定。
(7)定语从句中谓语动词的单复数由先行词决定。
三、Exercise
(1) All we need _______ (be) a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing season of the year.
(2) The famous musician, as well as his students, _________ (be) invited to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012Taipei Flower Expo.
(3) Generally, students' inner motivation with high expectation from others ______(be) essential to their development.
(4) The university estimates that living expenses for international students ______ around $8450 a year, which _______a burden for some of them. (be)
(5) All the scientific evidence______ (show) that increasing use of chemicals in farming____(be) damaging our health.
(6) The basketball coach ,as well as his team, _______(be) interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding perform.
(7) The fact that so many people still smoke in public places______(suggest) that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking.
(8)The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which______(be) saved for other purposes.
(9) Listening to loud music at rock concert ______(has/have) caused hearing loss in some teenagers.
(10) Such poets as Shakespeare _____(be) widely read，of whose works，however，some____
(be) difficult to understand.
(11) It is important to remember that success ______ (be) a sum of small efforts made each day and often
_____(take) years of achieve.
(12) One third of the country ______covered with trees and the majority of the citizens _______ black people. (be)
(13) Barbara is easy to recognize as she’s the only one of the women who _______( wear) evening dress.
(14) Either you or one of your students ______ (be) to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.
(15) The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities _______(have)been rising steadily since1990
(16)—Did you go to the show last night?
—Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area (be) invited.
(17)A survey of the opinions of experts (show) that three hours of outdoor exercise a week (be)
good for one’s health.
(18)As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area （need）repairing.
(19)The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one-third (be) used regularly. Now we have 60 working all day long.
(20) Nowadays, a large number of women, especially those from the countryside, ____（work） in the clothing industry.

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