A-Study-on-Student-Centered-Modern-Teaching-Method--探究“以学生为中心”的现代教学模式.doc

外语本科毕业论文

探究“以学生为中心”的现代教学模式

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A Study on Student-Centered Modern Teaching Method

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摘 要
传统的教学模式已无法满足不断的社会的需要。以学生为中心的教学模式给英语教学改革提供了新思路，指明了新方向。它强调了学习者在语言学习过程中的核心地位，使英语教学围绕如何为学习者创造更有利的语言学习环境、促进英语学习、帮助学生克服学习中遇到的困难等展开教学活动。

关键词：英语教学改革；教学模式；核心地位；教学活动
Abstract
Traditional teaching method has been unable to meet the needs of modern society. Student-centered teaching method provides new ideas and indicate a new direction for English teaching reform. It emphasizes the central position of the learners in the language learning process. It makes English teaching can launch a series of educational activities focusing on how to create a more conducive learning environment for learners, how to better improve learning efficiency and how to help students overcome the difficulties in their study life.

Key words: English teaching reform; teaching method; central position; educational activities

Introduction
For a long time, the traditional English teaching method is based on the Teacher-centered. Teachers are the leading role of classroom teaching. This traditional English teaching method makes students become a passive recipient of the language knowledge. It killed the students’ enthusiasm and creativity. Students often only have knowledge of the language, but not have the ability to use language well. What the students learned is “dumb English”. This traditional English teaching method contrary to the purpose of learning a foreign language, which is language communicative ability.
The Teacher-centered traditional English teaching method is not only conducive to fully mobilize the students’ enthusiasm, initiative and creativity, but also not able to improve students ability to learn and practice. Therefore, the Student-centered modern English teaching methods must be established.

Contents
摘 要 I
Abstract II
Introduction III
Contents IV
1 Traditional Teacher-centered English Teaching Method 1
1.1 Three types of the traditional teaching methods 1
1.1.1 Short-term behavior teaching mode 1
1.1.2 Grammar teaching mode 1
1.1.3 “Teacher talk” teaching mode 1
1.2 Drawbacks of the traditional Teacher-centered English teaching method 1
1.2.1 Passive Learning methods 1
1.2.2 Blind learning methods 2
1.2.3 Closed learning methods 2
1.2.4 Monotonous learning methods 3
2 The modern Student-centered teaching method 4
2.1 The modern Student-centered teaching method ideology 4
3 Measures to establish a Student-centered modern teaching method 5
3.1 Understanding of students 5
3.2 Respect students 5
3.3 Services for students 6
3.4 Inspire students 6
3.5 Motivate students 7
4 The specific implementation of the Student-centered English teaching methods 8
4.1 Team cooperation 8
4.2 Activities and games 8
4.3 Role-play 9
5 Advantages of the Student-centered modern teaching methods 10
5.1 Improve students’ learning efficiency 10
5.2 Improve students’ learning ability 10
5.3 Enhance students’ self-confidence 10
6 The significance of Student-centered English teaching method 10
Conclusion 12
References 13

1 Traditional Teacher-centered English Teaching Method
1.1 Three types of the traditional teaching methods
　　The traditional Teacher-centered English teaching method can be divided into three categories: the short-term behavior teaching mode, the grammar teaching mode, the “teacher talk” teaching mode.
1.1.1 Short-term behavior teaching mode
　　Currently there is a bad phenomenon for students to study English, which is they just study English for passing the test. The traditional English teaching method mainly emphasize the exam-oriented education as a prerequisite. English teaching need students should listen, speak, read, write and translate. However, during the short-term teaching mode, students can not really make full use of English in daily life.
1.1.2 Grammar teaching mode
　　Grammar teaching mode was first introduced in Germany, but finally it was replaced in Europe because of meaningless. However, in our country “Grammar teaching mode” is still widely applied. Grammar teaching mode is a grammar-based, languages-neglected teaching mode. It excessively emphasizes on grammar rules, while ignoring the importance of communication and misunderstanding the nature of language.
11.3 “Teacher talk” teaching mode
“Teacher talk” teaching mode is just the “cramming” teaching. In the classroom, the teachers just talk, speak and teach alone, while students are ignored at all.
1.2 Drawbacks of the traditional Teacher-centered English teaching method
1.2.1 Passive Learning methods
　　Students lose their initiative to study English, they just accept new knowledge passively.
　　One of the obviously characteristics of the traditional. The teaching method is a unilateral indoctrination. In the traditional teaching method, the teacher is on the absolute position of authority. And therefore, in the learning life, those students who just on the passive situation only to do what teachers ask and to listen what teachers speak. So in the traditional teaching methods, students do not have their own subjective creativity and thinking skills at all.[1] Needless to say, on their own initiative to select learning content, learning time or about everything, students just listen to the teacher’s explanations and gradually lose their own spirit of initiative and the ability to learn. Finally students become an obedient “good boy”. Students have to face various disciplines and learning requirements from their teachers. So the students just like a machine, to do the completion of a variety of arduous task of learning. Students’ learning life is very boring and their learning efficiency is very low because of the passive learning method.
1.2.2 Blind learning methods
　　Blind reading, resulting in students appear the phenomenon of “High scores, low capacity ”. Lack of creativity and innovative thinking ability.
　　Because of the blind learning methods, students gradually lose the ability to create and to explore and finally develop the habit of accepting the existing knowledge and experience without any subjective thinking. Those students are all just waiting for the books, teachers, or someone else to create new cognitive experience for them. They neither willing nor able to explore at all and they can not use existing knowledge to solve practical problems[2] They believe that what teachers say is always right, the knowledge of the book is always right. “blind learning methods” makes students lose their ability of being questioned. Whether the knowledge is right or wrong, students are fully accept without any thinking. Because of this, many students regard the remedial classes or competition classes as a quick magic. In fact, this is just reflect their characteristics about the “blind learning methods”.
1.2.3 Closed learning methods
　　One-way transmission from teachers to students led to a lack of communication between them.
　　In traditional teaching methods. For one hand, interaction between teachers and students become the main or even the only way to study. This is a one-way transmission. For another hand, the communication between students and teachers is often overlooked. This causes student become isolated individuals in their learning life and they lack of cooperation consciousness. In traditional class, there are only seats and teams without any significance. When students learn something, they just learn from the teachers, and rarely communicate with teachers or cooperate with the students to solve the problem. Students are enclosed in self-knowledge. Long-term effect make the students lose consciousness and ability to cooperate, and even make them form some character defects, such as selfishness, pride, etc.
1.2.4 Monotonous learning methods
　　Lack of diversified mode of education. It is difficult for students to cultivate interest in English.
　　In the traditional teaching methods, if something is the emphasis in oriented education, teachers will explain patiently and to consolidate with a large number of exercises. If something is good for the development of the students were considered useless in oriented education, teachers will passed it over and frankly emphasizes those knowledges will not exist in the exam. Thus, in eyes of the students is also only “the exam”. Test scores always seems to be the most important to standard the teaching methods. Whether teachers teach well and whether students learn well is just depends on a report card. Under the guidance of traditional teaching, the students’ learning styles will inevitably exhibit monotonic characteristics. Students focus on accumulation of knowledge rather than on the accumulation of method, focus on memory rather than on the application, focus on acceptance rather than on practice.[3] The students always have numerous exercises papers, rote memorization mathematical formulas. Cooperation, explore and other methods for students is only some strange terms. This resulting the students rigid thinking and lack of the necessary inductive analysis, logical reasoning ability. Under this influence of monotonous learning methods, the students just like the U disk, could only store knowledge.
2 The modern Student-centered teaching method
2.1 The modern Student-centered teaching method ideology
　　Student-centered teaching method bring a new vision, provide a new idea, indicate a new direction for English teaching reform. It emphasizes the centrality of the learner in the language learning process. Teaching activities are made around how to create a more favorable environment for language learning, to promote learning English, to help students overcome the difficulties encountered in learning.[4] This helps the students to mobilize a positive attitude and to encourage students to learn independently, helps them effectively solve problems, and ultimately helps students enable to learn how to learn.
　　The key of the Student-centered teaching method is ledding by teachers and independent learning skills of the students. We can not ignore the teacher’s dominant position in the implementation of Student-centered teaching mode, that is to teach students how to learn. However, teachers should teach students “fishing” rather than “fish”. In English learning, “fish” is the knowledge of English, learning method is “fishing”. So English teachers need to supply the effectively and correct method for students to learn. Changing from Teacher-centered to Student-centered, the most important thing is not to change the teaching concepts but immediately take action to implement the teaching practice.
　　The Student-centered English teaching methods emphasizes that students are the main body in teaching activities, while at the same time, the demands on teachers can not be ignored. Teachers must seriously explore the mental activity of students about their process of acquiring knowledge and developing skills, to cultivate students’ interest and enthusiasm.
3 Measures to establish a Student-centered modern teaching method
3.1 Understanding of students
Understanding of students rather than misunderstanding students.
　　Educators must accurately grasp the object of education. As a teacher, just know their students’ academic is no longer enough in the modern teaching method. Therefore, guiding under the Student-centered concept, teachers should understand and accept the student’s status, including their strengths and weaknesses, their features and deficiencies, their emotions, their habits and their aspirations. Only this way can teachers truly understand what is students’ physical and psychological needs. Only this way can teachers really design specific teaching methods to guide students to achieve their goals through their own efforts step by step. The Age gap between teachers and students are likely to cause the generation gap, but the generation gap is not the inevitable product of the age gap. Teachers should continuously advance with the times, grow with their students. Only the educated educators accompanied by the experience of the educated to experience growth, can they really have an understanding to them.[5] In fact, compared with their predecessors, the contemporary students are well-informed, quick thinking, have enough courage and good at accepting new things. Once educators understand the educated, they will discover it is not difficult to learn many positive things from the students.
3.2 Respect students
Respect students rather than despise students.
For different students, their IQ and emotional intelligence, learning ability and learning efficiency, morality and quality are likely to vary. However, whether it is top students, regular students or backward students, in the face of the concept of Student-centered teaching method, everyone is equal. Therefore, in any of the classroom, there should not be exist any ‘neglected corner’ or ‘forgotten corner’. Teachers should treat every student equally, especially those who with disabilities or mental defects. Teachers should respect every educated. Respect the student in fact means to respect themselves, to respect the teaching profession and to respect education. Practice shows that even those students who temporarily in a backward position, there are many strengths and advantages.
　　These students have great potential to be developed, and these potentials are often overlooked or misunderstood in the traditional teaching method.[6] For example, in a variety of schools, there are always existing those whose academic performance behind the others. Compared with excellent groups those students often be neglected or even be discriminatory. They are the vulnerable groups among the students. If we were able to pour more love and care for them, and try to develop policies and measures to mobilize the enthusiasm of those students. This may inspire great spiritual strength, and even produce amazing results.
3.3 Services for students
Services for students rather than use the students.
　　In people’s subconscious, students are often seen as the product of the school. In fact, this concept may not adapt to the trend of the times. Within the framework of the WTO, education is included in the “services” category. Education as a generalized service, its products can be a teaching tool for students. Students are consumers, should at the center position without any doubt. In this sense, the school’s students are “God”, so that they should get satisfactory service. As a waiter in the education sector, the responsibilities of teachers is to provide education services, and “dedication to student services” must be regarded as their sacred duty. However, some teachers