牛津译林版七年级上册unit7单元语法讲解与练习doc.doc

2014年秋季一加一教育七年级英语讲义（十六）
Unit7 Grammar﹠知识点复习
编写人：蔡丹丹 审核人：张万丽 2014/12/10
PartI 、some 与 any
some意为“一些”、“几个”,通常用于肯定句中。现将其主要用法归纳如下:
一、 some作形容词用时,可以修饰复数可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词。例如:
　　There are _________ students in the classroom. 教室里有几个学生。
　　There ______ some milk in the glass. 杯子里有一些牛奶。
二、 some作代词用时,可在句中作主语或宾语。例如:
　　Some of the boys _______ playing games now. 有几个男孩现在正在做游戏。
　　I have no paper. Please give me __________. 我没有纸了,请给我一些吧。
三、 some有时也可以用在疑问句中,表示请求、建议,并期望得到对方的肯定回答。它也可以用于反问句中。例如:
　　Can you give me________ money? 你能给我一些钱吗?
　　Would you like________ more rice? 再来点米饭好吗?
　　Why don’t you buy __________ flowers for her? 你为什么不给她买些花呢?
any也有“一些”的意思,但它常用在否定句、否定答语或疑问句中。其具体用法如下:
一、 any作形容词用时,可以修饰可数名词的单数或复数,也可以修饰不可数名词。例如:
　　Do you have________ questions to ask? 你有什么问题要问吗?
　　There isn’t ________ water in this bottle. 这个瓶子里没有水。
二、 any作代词用时,也可用于肯定句中,表示“任何”的意思,起强调作用。例如:
　　You may take _______ of them. 这些东西,你随便拿哪个都行。
三、 any有时也可用于条件句中。例如:
　　If you have________ time, please come to my house. 如果你有时间,请来我家(玩)。
　　If you have _________, give us some. 如果你有的话,就给我们一点儿吧。
用some或any填空。
　　1. I can see_____birds in the tree.
　　2. There isn’t_____orange juice in my bottle Please give me_____ .
　　3. —Do you h ave_____picture-books? —No, I don’t have_____ . But I have_____story-books.
　　4. —Is there_____rice in the bag? —No, there isn’t_____ .
　　5. —Are there_____boys in the classroom? —No, but there are_____girls in it.
　　6. —Which one can I take? —You may take_____one of them.
　　7. —Would you like_____fruit juice, please? —No. I’d like_____tea.
　　8. If you have_____questions, please put up your hands.
　　9. May I ask you_____questions, Miss Wang?
　 10. Can you see_____bikes under the tree?
　　 PartII 、There be
1. 定义：There be句型表示某处存在某物或某人。 
2. 结构：(1) There is + 单数可数名词/不可数名词 + 地点状语.          
(2) There are + 复数名词 + 地点状语.  
   ★ there是引导词，在句中不充当任何成分，翻译时也不必译出。句子的主语是某人或某物，谓语动词be要与主语（某人或某物）的数保持一致。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时，谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致。（就近原则） 
eg. ① There_______ a bird in the tree.   
     ② There ________ a teacher and many students in our classroom.  （就近原则） 
③There are many students and a teacher in our classroom. （就近原则） 
3. There be句型与have的区别： 
   (1) There be 句型和have都表示“有”的含义
区别如下：There be表示“某处存在某物或某人”；
have表示“某人拥有某物/某人”，它表示所有、拥有关系。  
 eg. ①He has two sons.   
   ②There are two men in the office.   
句型转换 一：否定句  
    There be句型的否定式的构成和含有be动词的句型一样，在be后加上not即可。 (注意在改否定句的时候如肯定句中有some要改为any，一般疑问句变化也一样)  
    There are some pictures on the wall. →____________________________________________  
There is a bike behind the tree.  →  ___________________
二：一般疑问句  
There be句型的一般疑问句变化是把be动词调整到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可。但同时要注意：当肯定句中有some时，要将其改为any（否定变化也一样）。
★肯定回答：Yes, there is / are.  否定回答：No, there isn't / aren't
 There is some water in the bottle. →_________________________________________________
    There are some cakes on the table. →________________________________________________
★常见的的介词和介词短语： 
介词：at 在.....             in 在......里面            on 在......上面    under 在......下面      
behind 在......后面        near 在......附近              
介词短语举例：  at home 在家     in the box 在盒子     
on the floor 在地板上             under the tree 在树下         in front of 在……前面  
behind the door 在门后面  near the zoo 在动物园附近              
按要求完成句子 
 1. There is a computer in my house. (一般疑问句)        
 _____ ______ a computer in ______ house?   
2. There are some flowers on the teachers’ desk. (一般疑问句)       
 ______ ______ ______ flowers on the teachers’ desk ?       
3. There aren’t any apples on the tree.(变回肯定句）        
There ______ ______ apples on the tree.       
4. There is a pear in the box.(变否定句)         
There ______ a pear in the box.  
5. There are fifty students in my class.(对划线部分提问)        
 ______ ______ students are there in your class?   
Unit 7 单元练习
一、单项选择
( ) 1. There ________ a lot of juice in the fridge.
A. has B. is C. are D. have
( ) 2. Tom needs some help ________ his homework. Can you help ________?
A. to, he B. with, him C. to, him D. with, his
( )3.---Where does your father work? ---He works as a waiter.
A. in the school B. in the shoe shop
C. in the restaurant D. in the bus shop
( )4. I buy some presents for my best friend and they me 30 yuan.
A. spend B. pay C. cost D. take
( )5. I like this pair of shoes. Could I ?
A. try them on B. try on it C. try on them D. try it on
( )6. Daniel is ________ his purse, but he can't ________ it.
A. looking for; find B. seeing; look for
C. finding; look at D. looking at; see
( )7. Fred ________ many football boots. But this pair of boots ________ the nicest.
A. has, are B. has, is C. there are, are D. there are, is
( )8．How delicious the cakes are! Could I have ________one?
A. the other B. other C. another D. some more
( )9．The price of the computer is not _____ but cars are very _________.
A. high; expensive B. expensive; high C. high; high D. expensive; expensive
( )10．This pair of socks is too expensive. Do you have a cheaper _______?
A. one B. socks C. pair D. ones
( ) 8. She looks cool_________ blue jeans．
A．on B．in C．for D．at
( )9. He is________ to buy ________for his parents．
A．rich enough；enough present B．enough rich；enough presents
C．rich enough；enough presents D．enough rich；presents enough
( )10. I want to buy a nice present________ my mother and I must give it_______her myself.
A．for；to B．to；for C．for；for D．with；to
( )11. ---“Would you like a glass of water?” ---“ . I’d like a cup of tea.”
A. Yes, please. B. No, thanks. C. Yes, thanks. D. No, I don’t.
二、动词填空
1. The playground is a good place (play) football with friends.
2. ---Do you have fun (swim) in the river? ---Yes. I do.
3. The restaurant (have) good food and we all like it very much.
4.It’s easy_____ __ (find)his house．
5. My cousin often spends his pocket money (buy) books.
6. I need you (help) me with my English.
7. I don’t have enough money (buy) him a coat.
8. This pair of trousers (match) her white T-shirt.
9.The English teacher is giving lessons but Daniel ________ (look) out of the window.
三、句型转换
1. A lot of restaurants are on the top floor. (改为同义句)
___ ________ ________ ________ restaurants on the top floor.
2. I spend two hours doing my homework.（改为同义句）
It __________ me two hours __________ _________ my homework.
3. How much is your new bike?（改为同义句）
How much ________ your new bike _________?
_________ _________ _________ _________ your new bike?
4. She has some rulers in the desk.（改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答）
_______ she _________ _________ rulers in the desk?
_______, _______ _________.
5. I spend ten dollars on the football cards. (改为同义句)
The football cards ten dollars.
6.You can’t forget to close the windows．(改为祈使句)
_______forget to_______ the windows．
7.These cards cost me 5 yuan.（同义句）
_______ _____ _ 5 yuan ___________ these cards.
四、翻译句子
1. 在阳光购物中心有许多不同的商店。

2. 他想给他的朋友买个圣诞礼物。

3. 他正在向他父母求助。

4. 他们正在谈论给他朋友买什么礼物。

5. 他也许对音乐不敢兴趣。
____________
六、根据首字母提示补全短文（每空1分，共10分）
There is a CD s 1 near my home. You can see many d 2 kinds of CDs-pop, dance, jazz and so on. o 3 the first floor, there i 4 a pop music section(区)on the left and a classical（古典的）music on the r 5 ．And the country(乡村)music section is b 6 the pop music section and the classical music section. If you want to e 7 the exciting music, you can t 8 left at the country music section and g 9 upstairs(上楼),then turn right. There is a jazz music section and a dance music section on this floor. Please take your time and enjoy the b 10 music in the shop.
1．_______ 2．_______ 3．_______ 4．_______ 5．_______
6．_______ 7．_______ 8．_______ 9．_______ 10．_______