新编英美概况教程周叔麟.pptx

Gao LinaGao LinaHarbin Institute of PetroleumHarbin Institute of PetroleumA Survey of the United Kingdom and A Survey of the United Kingdom and the United States of Americathe United States of AmericaPart 1Part 2Part 3Part 4Chapter 1 Geography of the United KingdomPart 5Part 6IntroductionIntroduction.Look at the map of the UK and try to fill in the following blanks.Look at the map of the UK and try to fill in the following blanks.Name and Location:Name and Location:The full name of the UK is the United Kingdom of _ _ and _.The capital of the UK is _.Politically,the UK consists of England,_,Wales and _.The British Isles are located off the Northwest coast of Europe.The _ and the North Sea separate Britain from Europe and the _ Sea separates Britain and Ireland.KKGreatBritainNorthern IrelandLondonScotlandNorthern IrelandEnglish ChannelIrishChapter 1 Geography of the United KingdomIntroductionIntroduction.The constituents of the UK.The constituents of the UK.1.The UK consist of two large islands and 2000 smaller islands.Geographically,most of the UK is located on the British Isles :the main island,Britain,and part of the Irish island.Most of the smaller UK islands are found near western and northern Scotland.1.The island of Britain is crossed by the 0 meridian of longitude.The 0 degree meridian was established at the original site of the .Greenwich ObservatoryGreenwich ObservatoryPart 1Part 2Part 3Part 4Part 5Part 6不列颠群岛/英伦三岛Chapter 1 Geography of the United KingdomGeneral Characteristics of the UK General Characteristics of the UK.Fill in the following form and memorize the basic information.Fill in the following form and memorize the basic information about the UK.about the UK.National flag:National Anthem:Total area:Population:Capital and largest city:Official language:Union JackGod Save the QueenApproximately 242,000 sq kmNearly 61,000,000 LondonEnglish KPart 1Part 2Part 3Part 4Part 5Part 6Chapter 1 Geography of the United KingdomGeneral Characteristics of the UK General Characteristics of the UK.Look at the topography of the UK and learn the topographic.Look at the topography of the UK and learn the topographic features of the UK.features of the UK.1.UK mountains are not high by world standards.in Scotland,the highest peak in the UK,reaches only 1,343 meters.2.The topography of Scotland is distinguished by theHighland Boundary Fault ageological rock fracture.The fault line separates two distinctively different regions;namely theHighlandsto the north and west and thelowlandsto the south and east.Ben NevisBen NevisBen NevisBen Nevis is the highest mountain in the British Isles.Standing at 1,344 meters above sea level,it is located at the western end of theGrampian Mountainsin Scottish Highlands.The 700-metre(2,300ft)cliffs of the north face are among the highest in the United Kingdom,providing classicscramblesandrock climbsof all difficulties for climbers andmountaineers.Over 150,000 people walk or climb Ben Nevis every year,and many of these do so either on their own or in small groups.Part 1Part 2Part 3Part 4Part 5Part 6本尼维斯山CChapter 1 Geography of the United KingdomGeneral Characteristics of the UK General Characteristics of the UK.Climate of the UK.Climate of the UK.1.The United Kingdom has a temperate climate,with plentiful rainfall all year round.The temperature varies with the seasons seldom dropping below 11 C(12 F)or rising above 35C(95F).2.The climate is a gift of the North Atlantic Drift Current,which flows west of the UK.3.The annual rainfall varies little from year to year,and droughts are rare.Much of the rain comes in a protracted drizzle,not in heavy showersPart 1Part 2Part 3Part 4Part 5Part 6 fChapter 1 Geography of the United KingdomWater:the Key Geographic FeatureWater:the Key Geographic Feature.Water:the key geographic feature.Water:the key geographic feature.The key feature that marks Britain is water.Water has shaped the climate,the landscape,the history and the industrial resources of Britain.Apart from the border with the Republic of Ireland ,the UK is surrounded by the sea.The dependence upon ships for international trade and for defense led Britain to become a major maritime power.The deposits from ancient seas and oceans influenced the nature of Britain and its land.Part 1Part 2Part 3Part 4Part 5Part 6爱尔兰共和国 fChapter 1 Geography of the United KingdomWater:the Key Geographic FeatureWater:the Key Geographic Feature.River Thames.River Thames.Watch the video and try to get the basic information of Thames.Part 1Part 2Part 3Part 4Part 5Part 6泰晤士河 fChapter 1 Geography of the United KingdomWater:the Key Geographic FeatureWater:the Key Geographic Feature TheRiver Thamesflows throughsouthern England.It is the longest river entirely in England and thesecond longest in the United Kingdom,after theRiver Severn .It rises atThames Headin Gloucestershire,and flows into theNorth Seavia theThames Estuary.While it is best known for flowing throughLondon,the river also flows alongside other towns and cities,includingOxford,Reading,Henley-on-Thames,andWindsor.Part 1Part 2Part 3Part 4Part 5Part 6塞文河Chapter 1 Geography of the United KingdomGeographic HistoryGeographic History1.The UKs natural resources were created during the shifting dance of the earths plates,the solid matter that floated on the liquid magma.2.Because the region that now the UK lies on the continental shelf,when the ocean levels rose,much of the land was covered by water.3.When the glaciers advanced and retreated over much of northern and mountainous Britain,they smoothed the mountains and dropped debris in the valleys.4.The rising waters after the last ice age have slowly separated the Britain Isles from the European Continent.Part 1Part 2Part 3Part 4Part 5Part 6Chapter 1 Geography of the United KingdomSurface Features and Geography-by Surface Features and Geography-by Political RegionPolitical Region.Scotland.Scotland.Scotland has a population of over 5 million people in an area of nearly 80,000 sq km.some Scots still speak their native language,Gaelic,although most speak English,the official language.Geologically,Scotland is divided into three main regions:the Highlands and Western Isles,the Lowlands,and the southern Uplands.Edinburgh is the capital.Part 1Part 2Part 3Part 4Part 5Part 6爱丁堡Chapter 1 Geography of the United KingdomSurface Features and Geography-by Surface Features and Geography-by Political RegionPolitical Region.England.England.In 2008,England has a population of nearly 61 million,living in an area of 130,836 sq km.England consists of many different geological regions:the Pennines,a range of mountains coming down the center of England;the Lake District in the northwest of England;Vale of Eden;Lowlands of Central England;the hills of Southwestern,ect.Part 1Part 2Part 3Part 4Part 5Part 6奔宁山脉湖区Chapter 1 Geography of the United KingdomSurface Features and Geography-by Surface Features and Geography-by Political RegionPolitical Region.Wales.Wales.Located in the southwestern corner of Britain,Wales is a land of mountains;nearly 40%of Wales lies above 240 meters.The longest river in Britain,the Severn River,rises in these central mountains,tumbling and dashing through the mountain valleys in a fast flow into England before reaching the Irish Sea at the Bristol Channel.Cardiff is the capital.Part 1Part 2Part 3Part 4Part 5Part 6Chapter 1 Geography of the United KingdomSurface Features and Geography-by Surface Features and Geography-by Political RegionPolitical Region.Northern Ireland.Northern Ireland.Northern Ireland is situated in the northeastern portion of the Island of Ireland.The total area of Northern Ireland is 14,160 sq km.the regions topography is often described as saucer-shaped.It is an attractive tourist destination for golfers,fishers,horseback riders,hikers and campers.Belfast is the capital.Part 1Part 2Part 3Part 4Part 5Part 6贝尔法斯特Chapter 1 Geography of the United KingdomCommonwealthCommonwealth TheCommonwealth of Nations,commonly known asthe Commonwealth,is anintergovernmental organizationof 53member states that were mostly territoriesof the formerBritish Empire.The Commonwealth operates byintergovernmental consensusof the member states,organized through theCommonwealth Secretariat,andnon-governmental organizations,organized through theCommonwealth Foundation.Part 1Part 2Part 3Part 4Part 5Part 6英联邦