2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习专题01语法填空测含解析.doc

2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习专题01语法填空测含解析
班级 姓名 学号 分数
（测试时间：60分钟，分值90分）
1. 【河北省五个一联盟xx届高三上学期第二次模拟】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As you know, science plays ___1___ very important role in our education. Do you want to keep up ___2___ the latest research and discoveries in science? There are many good websites ___3___ you can check out the latest in the science world.
One great site is Science News for Kids. This site reports science news ___4___ (cover) a wide range of subjects. The articles are intended for younger readers, but adults will find this site ___5___ (suit) for them as well. Another wonderful site, one that I check out every day,___6___ (call) Science Daily. The site is ___7___ (constant) updated with news, often about exciting ___8___ (finding) that change how we view the world.
These sites post the latest stories and also keep all the past articles they ___9___ (post) earlier. That way you can find articles just about anything that ___10___ (be) related to the science fields you are interested in.
【答案】1. a 2. with 3. where 4. covering 5. suitable 6. is called 7. constantly
8. findings 9. posted 10. is

4. 考查非谓语动词。cover与其逻辑主语This site之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词，填covering。
5. 考查固定结构。find + sb. / sth. + adj. 意为“发现某人(物)……”。形容词作find的宾语补足语，所以填suitable。
6. one与call之间是被动关系，用被动语态，且表示主语现在的状态，用一般现在时，综上所述，用一般现在时的被动语态，填is called。
7. 考查副词。修饰动词updated，用副词，所以填constantly。
8. 考查名词单复数。经常是关于一些令人激动的发现。“令人激动的发现”是复数意义，所以填findings。
9. 考查时态。表示发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，所以填posted。
10. 考查主谓一致。that ___10___ (be) related to the science fields you are interested in.是一个定语从句，修饰先行词anything，先行词anything在从句中作主语，谓语动词用单数，且表示一个客观的事实，用一般现在时，所以填is。
2. 【江西省红色七校xx届高三第一次联考】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
As we all know,Hangzhou, a beautiful city, won the bid___1___September 16th xx. Thus, it will be the third Chinese city  ___2___(host) the games.
Hangzhou is a beautiful city with a long history. Hosting the Asian Games will give it a new look.___3___ the event will cost the government a lot, the benefits are easy for us to see. To the citizens in Hangzhou, the best part of it is that it will give us the chance to watch world-class matches and ___4___(pete) close to home. Secondly, there is no doubt ___5___ the event will attract more visitors to enjoy  ___6___ (visit) this wonderful city. At the same time, it is good for the development of the tourism. Meanwhile, as the construction goes on, more roads  ___7___(build) and the Metro system will be expanded,  ___8___ can reduce traffic jams.
In the next few years, Hangzhou will try its best to prepare  ___9___ for the big show. ___10___ splendid Hangzhou is waiting to see you in 2022.
【答案】1. on 2. to host 3. Though/although 4. petitions 5. that 6. visiting
7. will be built 8. which 9. itself 10. A

4. 句意：它将给我们观看世界级的比赛和竞争。pete竞争（动词），petition竞争（名词），根据句意可知名词用复数形式，故答案为petitions。
5. 固定句式：there is no doubt that---，毫无疑问--故答案为that。
6. 固定搭配：enjoy doing sth.喜爱做某事，故答案为visiting。
7. 句意：随着建设的继续，更多的公路将被建成。此处用一般将来时态的被动语态，故答案为will be built。
8. 句意：更多的公路将被建成，更多的地铁将被延伸，这将会减少交通事故。此处前面整个句子做先行词，后面是which引导的非限制性定语从句，故答案为which。
9. 句意：在接下来的几年里，杭州为了这次大的展示也将尽全力把自己准备好。可知答案为itself 。
10. 句意：在2022年，你将看到一个辉煌的杭州。根据句意可知答案为A.。注意大写开头。
3. 【四川省蓉城名校高xx届高三上学期第一次联考】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
One of the main ___1___ (challenge) many international students face is their English-language proficiency. If your first language is not English and if your previous education ___2___ (be) not in English, it is important to take all English-language proficiency tests as soon as possible.
You ___3___ (expect) to read, write, understand and speak English properly and fluently to carry out your studies. Conversational English will not be enough.
Colleges and universities require proof of English-language proficiency when you apply and measure your skills by ___4___ (ask) you to take a standardized test of English. Even with excellent academic qualifications, you may not be admitted ___5___ your English-language proficiency is too low.
International students often underestimate the stress caused by ___6___ (sudden) changing cultures, friends, methods of teaching and living environments. Moving suddenly from speaking and thinking in ___7___ language of your country to thinking, listening and speaking in English is very stressful.
Get an accurate estimate of your ability in English. If ___8___ (need), attend a language school ___9___ starting studies in the US to improve your ability. Be sure to ask the admission office if the institution offers an intensive course to those learning English ___10___ a second language.
【答案】1. challenges 2. was 3. will be expected 4. asking 5. if 6. suddenly 7. the 8. needed 9. before 10. as

3. will be expected 考查将来时态的被动语态。 光有口头英语是不够的，为了继续学业还要求你会读，会理解，表达恰当和流畅。主语为you，用 will be expected表示被动。
4. asking 考查非谓语动词。此处为动名词asking做介词by的宾语。
5. if 考查条件状语从句。如果（if）你的英语水平低，即使你有很好的学术成绩也可能不被录用。
6. suddenly 考查副词用法。suddenly修饰动名词changing。国际生通常低估了文化、朋友圈教学方法和生活环境的突然变化。
7. the 考查冠词用法。此处用定冠词the，表示特指你自己的母语。
8. needed 考查条件状语从句中的省略。补全条件状语从句应为If it is needed ，此处it is 可以省略，故填写过去分词needed，意为“如果需要的话”。
9. before 考查介词用法。before starting studies in the US在你开始在美国求学之前。
10. as 考查介词用法。as 作为。大学提为那些将英语作为第二外语的学生提供强化课程。4.【江西省九江市十校xx届高三第一次联考】
Summer camps are the place 1 teenagers are going to be helped under professional guidance. Troubled teens 2 (suffer) from behavior problems are treated through different methods. A number of summer camps are offering 3 wide range of services.
Right now large 4 (quantity) of youths have serious behavior problems. Among the reasons behind the rude nature of a kid 5 (be) the modern life style, bad pany, and perhaps improper care by their parents. Military summer camps are helpful in solving the behavior problems. A strict training program is offered to youths. Outdoor projects 6 (give) to teenagers for improving their creative skills. These projects also bring confidence inside a troubled teen. 7 addition, weekly reports are sent to them based upon analysis of performance and activity of teens.
Teenagers are the main sufferers of eating disorder. It increases unwanted fat on various parts of the body and 8 (negative) affects a person’s physical or mental health. The children who don’t care about their health and are unable to pay attention to physical fitness are admitted into 9 (weigh) loss summer camps. There the staff members and trainers are expertise in helping troubled teens. They put full effort on teens 10 (bring) back their normal life.
【答案】
1. where 2. suffering 3. a 4. quantities 5. are 6. are given
7. In 8. negatively 9. weight 10. to bring
【解析】
试题分析：本文介绍了暑期夏令营在帮助问题青少年方面所起的重要作用。

4. quantities 考查固定搭配。短语large quantities of许多，大量；该短语做主语时谓语动词使用复数形式。
5. are 考查主谓一致。本句是倒装句，真正的主语是复数名词短语the modern life style, bad pany, and perhaps improper care by their parents，所以谓语动词要使用复数形式are。
6. are given 考查时态语态。全文都使用一般现在时介绍暑期夏令营，且本句主语outdoor projects与give构成被动关系，所以使用一般现在时的被动语态are given。
7. In 考查固定搭配。短语in addition而且，另外；表示上下文的递进关系。这些项目可以给年轻人带来自信，而且基于他们的表现的分析会发送给他们自己。
8. negatively 考查副词。在英语中副词通常做状语修饰形容词、副词或动词。而形容词通常做定语和表语。本句中使用副词negatively修饰动词短语affect a person's physical or mental health.
9. weight 考查名词。在英语中介词后面通常接名词或名词短语做宾语，所以本句中使用名词短语weight loss做宾语。
10. to bring 考查不定式。本句中不定式在句中做目的状语。句意：为了让这些孩子回归正常生活，他们付出了全部努力。
5. 【广西贵港市xx届高三上学期12月联考】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Cambridge University is one of the ___1___ (old) universities in the world, and one of the largest in the United Kingdom. It is famous ___2___ outstanding academic achievements and the high quality of research undertaken in a wide range of science and art subjects. The university pioneers work in the ___3___ (understand) of diseases, the creation of new materials, advances in telemunications and the research into the origins of the universe. It trains doctors, veto, architects, engineers and teachers. At all levels about half of the students at Cambridge study arts and humanities, many of ___4___ have gone on to bee outstanding figures in the arts, print and broadcast ___5___ (medium). The university’s achievements in sconces can be measured by the sixty or more Nobel Prizes ___6___ (award) to its members over the years.
As Cambridge approached ___7___ (it) eight hundredth anniversary in xx, it was looking to the future. The modern university is an international center of teaching and research in ___8___ vast range of subjects. It continues to change in response to the challenges it faces. The 1990s ___9___ (see) a major expansion of the university acmodation for teaching and research. There are many major new buildings either underway ___10___ already pleted, including the Law Faculty Building and the Judge Institute of Management Studies.
【答案】1. oldest 2. for 3. understanding 4. whom 5. media 6. awarded 7. its 8. a
9. saw 10. or

5. 句意：他们中的许多人已经成为艺术、印刷和广播媒体界的杰出人物。medium媒体，复数是media，根据句意用名词复数形式，故答案为media。
6. 句意：通过多年来颁发给会员的六十个或更多诺贝尔奖，大学的成就是可以衡量的。此处是过去分词做后置定语，故答案为awarded。
7. 形容词物主代词修饰名词，答案为its。
8. 句意：在众多学科中。in a vast range of在广阔的范围内，故答案为a。

9. 句意：20世纪90年代，大学的教学设施大幅度扩张。根据句意可知用一般过去时态，答案为saw。
10. 句意：有许多新的主要建筑正在进行或已经完成。固定词组：either---or---，或者---或者---，可知答案为or。

2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习专题01语法填空练含解析
1.【xx·新课标I】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical munity（医学界） 1 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 2 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical munity was trying to fight.
Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 3 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 4 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 5 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 6 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 7 (be) full of fat and salt; by 8 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 9 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 10 is not good for the health.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了对于食物中的脂肪和盐分，人们的态度不一。脂肪和盐分对于健康来说是必不可少的，但如果人们摄入过多的脂肪和盐分，自身的健康将会收到损害。

3. to process 考查不定式。句意：他们被要求加工食物 require表示“要求”， require sb. to do sth.表示“要求某人做某事”，被动形式为“sb. be required to do sth.”，表示“某人被要求做某事”。故填to process。
4. are removed 考查被动语态。句意：当脂肪和盐分从食物中被去掉 分析可知fat，salt和move之间是被动关系，脂肪和盐分是被人们去掉，所以用被动语态。故填are removed。
5. a 考查冠词。固定短语as a result表示“结果”，句意：结果，人们将吃更多的食物去弥补损失的东西。故填a。
6. worse 考查比较级。句意：更糟糕的是，人们所吃快餐的数量增加了。故填worse。
7. is 考查主谓一致。句意：快餐食物中充满了脂肪和盐。fast food的意思是“快餐”，表示一类食物，为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填is。
8. eating 考查动名词。句意：通过吃更多的快餐，人们将在饮食中摄入超过需求量的脂肪和盐。根据前文中的by可知此处应该填名词，所以填eat的动名词形式。故填eating。
9. careful 考查形容词。句意：然而，注意不要走极端。分析语境可知be后面应该用形容词做表语，故填careful。
10. which 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：很可能摄入过多的脂肪和盐，那对健康没有好处。分析可知which is not good for the health为非限制性定语从句，先行词为前文中的have too much of both“摄入过多的脂肪和盐”。故填which。
【名师点睛】
语法填空题的考查形式为：在一篇200词左右的语篇（短文或对话）中留出10处空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容或所提供单词的正确形式，所填写词语不得多于3个单词。考生须灵活运用语法知识，如单词词性、单词时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断各空白处应填写的内容。具体考查形式有以下几种：
一、给出动词基本形态，填写词性词形转化(转为名词、形容词)，或填写谓语部分，可能需要填写两个或三个词，或是填写非谓语动词；
二、给出形容词，需要填写比较级、最高级，或词性词形转化，转化为副词，或是填写反义词(前缀)；
三、给出副词，填写比较级、最高级，或是填写反义词；
四、不给提示词，主要填写介词、连词、冠词和代词。
有提示词：考查谓语动词，非谓语动词，形容词，副词
例如第2题has had some unintended side 2 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease，给出了提示词effect。考生可以从词性变化和单复数两方面考虑，effect可变为形容词effective，变为副词effectively，分析语境可知划线处应该填名词，不需要做词性上的变化。所以考生可以从单复数方面考虑，根据划线处前的some可知应该填名词的复数形式。所以考生可以确定正确答案为effects。
无提示词：考查冠词，介词，连词，代词
例如第10题it is possible to have too much of both, 10 is not good for the health. 结合语境可知作者要表达“很可能摄入过多的脂肪和盐，那对健康没有好处”的意思。分析可知which is not good for the health为非限制性定语从句，先行词为前文中的have too much of both“摄入过多的脂肪和盐”，所以填which。
2. 【xx·新课标II】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In 1863the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible __1__(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and ___2__ word. It took three years to plete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, ____3___(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over___4___ top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.
Steam engines ___5__(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been___6__(fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using___7__ every day.
Later, engineers ____8___(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道）, which became known to the tube. This development was only possible with the ___9___ (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most ___10___(success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.
【解析】

5.were used考查被动语态，根据句意：蒸汽发动机“被用于”拉货物，故填were used.
6.fairly 考查副词，这里fair是形容词，pleasant也是形容词，所以需要将fair变为副词来修饰形容词，故填fairly.
7.it考查代词，这里用it指代前句的railway,故填it.
8.managed 考查动词，本文全篇都是一般过去时，所以这里也应用一般过去时，故填managed.
9.introduction考查词性转换，空格前是the,后面应该是名词，故填名词introduction.
10.successful考查形容词，空格前是most,其后要跟形容词构成最高级，故填successful.
【名师点睛】
在语法填空中，我们要特别注意词性转换题。如本文的【小题9】，横线前是冠词the，所以横线上要使用名词introduction。【小题6】，在英语中，副词通常做状语修饰形容词、副词或动词，形容词通常在句中做定语或表语修饰名词。所以本句中使用副词fairly作状语修饰形容词pleasant。
词类转换题要先确定所要填的单词在句中的成分。
技巧1：作表语、定语或补语，通常用形容词形式。
技巧2：作主语，或在及物动词或介词后作宾语，用名词形式。
技巧3：修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式。
技巧4：括号中所给词为动词时，也不一定是考动词的时态语态或非谓语动词， 有可能考词类转换；若是形容词或副词，有可能考查其比较级或最高级。
技巧5：词义转换题。词类不一定要变，主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un-, im-，il-, ir-，in-, non-, dis-等，在词根后加-less等。 
考点：考查语法填空
3.【xx·新课标III】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to challenge of her new A-level course .But unlike school friends ,16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 1 (real)Instead, she is earning $6500 a day as 2 model in New York.
Sarah 3 (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the new year. Her father Peter44,want her to give up school to model fulltime But Sarah, 4 has taken part in shows along with top models wants 5 (prove) that she has brains as