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1、2018年最新版 英语国家概况 谢福之 一、选择题 （答案在所有选择题下面） I. Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements. 1. The two main islands of the British Isles are . A. Great Britain and Ireland B. Great Britain and Scotland C. Great Britain and Wales D. Great Britain and England
2、 2. is the capital city of Scotland. A. Belfast B. Edinburgh C. Aberdeen D. Cardiff 3. According to a 2005 estimate, Britain now has a population of over million. A. 160 B. 600 C. 60 D. 16 4. Among the four parts of the United Kingdom, is the smallest. A.
3、England B. Scotland C. Wales D. Northern Ireland 5. Almost a quarter of the British population lives in England. A. northeastern B. southeastern C. northwestern D. southwestern 6. English belongs to the group of Indo-European family of languages. A. Celtic B. Indo-Ir
4、anian C. Germanic D. Roman 7. The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of words to English. A. Danish and Finnish B. Dutch and German C. French and Italian D. Latin and Greek 8. The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by the influenc
5、e. A. Norman B. Dutch C. German D. Danish 9. Samuel Johnson’s dictionary was influential in establishing a standard form of . A. grammar B. handwriting C. spelling D. pronunciation 10. At present, nearly of the world’s population communicate in English. A. half B.
6、 a quarter C. one third D. one fifth 11. The attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410. A. Norman B. Danish C. Celtic D. Germanic 12. By the late 7th century, became the dominant religion in England. A. Celtic Christianity B. Anglo-Saxon Christia
7、nity C. Germanic Christianity D. Roman Christianity 13. Westminster Abbey was built at the time of . A. St. Augustine B. Edward the Confessor C. William the Conqueror D. Alfred the Great 14. The marked the establishment of feudalism in England. A. Viking invasion
8、 B. signing of the Magna Carta C. Norman Conquest D. Adoption of common law 15. The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of . A. the House of Valois B. the House of York C. the House of Tudor D. the House of Lancaster 16. The direct cause for the Religious Re
9、formation was King Henry VIII’s effort to . A. divorce his wife B. break with Rome C. support the Protestants D. declare his supreme power over the church 17. The English Civil War broke out in 1642 between . A. Protestants and Puritans B. Royalists and Parliamentari
10、ans C. nobles and peasants D. aristocrats and Christians 18. was passed after the Glorious Revolution. A. Bill of Rights B. Act of Supremacy C. Provisions of Oxford D. Magna Carta 19. The Industrial Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middle of the cent
11、ury. A. 17th B. 18th C. 19th D. 20th 20. Britain faced strong challenges in its global imperial dominance by the beginning of the century. A. 17th B. 18th C. 19th D. 20th 21. The British government is characterized by a division of powers between three of the following bran
12、ches with the exception of the . A. judiciary B. legislature C. monarchy D. executive 22. The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on . A. passing the bills B. advising the government C. political parties D. public attitude 23. As a revisin
13、g chamber, the House of Lords is expected to the House of Commons. A. rival B. complement C. criticize D. inspect 24. British Cabinet works on the principle of . A. collective responsibility B. individual responsibility C. defending the collectivism D. defending the i
14、ndividuals 25. The main duty of the British Privy Council is to . A. make decisions B. give advice C. pass bills D. supervise the Cabinet 26. In Britain, the parliamentary general election is held every years. A. three B. four C. five D. six 27. has a distinct
15、 legal system based on Roman law. A. Wales B. England C. Scotland D. Northern Ireland 28. Generally speaking, the British Parliament operates on a system. A. single-party B. two-party C. three-party D. multi-party 29. The policies of the Conservative Party are characterized by
16、 pragmatism and . A. government intervention B. nationalization of enterprises C. social reform D. a belief in individualism 30. The Labor Party affected the British society greatly in that it . A. set up the National Health Service B. improved public transportation C.
17、 abolished the old tax system D. enhanced the economic development 31. The British economy achieved global dominance by the . A. 1860s B. 1870s C. 1880s D.1890s 32. In , the British Parliament passed two important acts to establish a welfare state. A. 1945 B. 1946
18、C. 1947 D. 1948 33. The in the early 1970s worsened an already stagnant economy in Britain. A. oil crisis B. high inflation rates C. large imports D. unemployment problem 34. Of the following practices, does not belong to Thatcher’s social welfare reform. A. reduc
19、ing child benefits B. shortening the unemployment benefits period C. reducing the unemployment D. lowering old age pensions 35. The Blair government has been successful in all the following aspects except . A. limiting government spending B. keeping inflation under control C. re
20、ducing unemployment D. reducing inequality 36. Britain has devoted of its land area to agriculture. A. 54% B. 64% C. 74% D.84% 37. Britain’s important fishing areas include all the following except . A. the North Sea B. the English Channel C. The sea area arou
21、nd Ireland D. The sea area between Britain and Ireland 38. Coal mining industry in Britain provides of the energy consumed in the country. A. 1/3 B. 1/4 C. 1/5 D. 2/3 39. The car industry in Britain in mostly . A. foreign-owned B. state-owned C. joint-venture D. p
22、rivately-owned 40. Of the following sectors in Britain, has experienced spectacular growth since the end of Word War II. A. agriculture B. energy industry C. service industry D. manufacturing industry 41. In Britain, the division between grammar schools and vocational schools were end
23、ed by the introduction of comprehensive schools in the . A. 1930s B. 1940s C. 1950s D. 1960s 42. About of British children receive primary and secondary education through the independent system. A. 5% B. 6% C. 7% D. 8% 43. Partially funded by central government g
24、rants, the British universities receive their remaining funds from all the following sources except . A. tuition fees B. loans C. donations D. corporate contributions 44. Of the following, is NOT a basis of admission to Britain’s universities. A. result in national entrance
25、test B. A-level result C. an interview D. school references 45. To be admitted to the Open University, one need . A. some educational qualifications B. no educational qualifications C. General Certificate of Education-Advanced D. General National Vocational Qualifications 46
26、 Among Britain’s quality press, the following newspapers are regarded as the “Big Three” with the exception of . A. The Times B. The Guardian C. The Observer D. The Daily Telegraph 47. Life on Earth is a kind of program produced by the BBC and is popular among 500 million viewe
27、rs worldwide. A. feature B. drama C. documentary D. soap opera 48. is Britain’s top pay television provider. A. BSB B. SkyTV C. BBC D. BSkyB 49. Of the following, is NOT a common feature of all the British holidays. A. families getting together B. friends exch
28、anging good wishes C. friends enjoying each other’s company D. families traveling overseas 50. The following Christmas traditions are particularly British except . A. Trooping the Color B. Queen’s Christmas message C. Boxing Day D. Christmas pantomime 51. The most significan
29、t achievement of the English Renaissance is . A. poetry B. drama C. novel D. pamphlet 52. is viewed as Romantic poetry’s “Declaration of Independence.” A. “I Wondered Lonely as a Cloud” B. Don Juan C. “Preface to Lyrical Ballads” D. Prometheus Unbound 53. Of Dickens
30、’ novels, is considered autobiographical. A. A Tale of Two Cities B. David Copperfield C. Oliver Twist D. Great Expectations 54. is a representative of English Critical Realism at the turn of the 19th century. A. Robert Louis Stevenson B. John Milton C. Joseph Co
31、nrad D. Thomas Hardy 55. Of the following statements, is NOT correct in terms of Neo-Romanticism. A. It prevailed at the end of the 19th century. B. The writers were dissatisfied with the social reality. C. The writers believed in “Art for Art’s Sake”. D. Treasure Island was a rep
32、resentative work. 56. is NOT included in the modernist group. A. Oscar Wild B. Virginia Woolf C. William Butler Yeats D. T. S. Eliot 57. Of the following books, was NOT written by Thomas Hardy. A. Jude the Obscure B. Tess of the D’Urbervilles C. Adam Bede
33、 D. The Return of the Native 58. Of the following statements, is NOT correct about Virginia Woolf. A. She was a central figure of the “Bloomsbury Group”. B. She experimented with stream of consciousness. C. She was an influential feminist. D. Her masterpiece was The Rainbow. 59. Of t
34、he following writers, is NOT a Nobel Prize winner. A. Samuel Beckett B. James Joyce C. William Golding D. V. S. Naipaul 60. Waiting for Godot is written by . A. Samuel Beckett B. George Orwell C. William Golding D. D. H. Lawrence 61. The United States has states on t
35、he continent. A. 50 B. 49 C. 48 D. 35 62. The state of is the largest in area of all the states. A. Alaska B. Hawaii C. Texas D. Florida 63. The U. S. lies in North America, with Canada to the north, Mexico to the south, the Atlantic to its and the Pacif
36、ic to its . A. northern, east, west B. central, east, west C. southern, west, east D. western, east, west 64. The largest river in the U. S. is . A. the Missouri River B. the Mississippi River C. the Ohio River D. the Colorado River 65. Some of the world famo
37、us universities like Harvard, Yale and MIT are located . A. in the South B. along the Pacific Coast C. in New England D. in the Midwest 66. is located on the U. S. –Canadian border between Lake Erie and Lake Ontario. A. Yellowstone National Park B. The Grand Canyo
38、n C. Niagara Falls D. The Great Salt Lake 67. The native Alaskan population includes the following except the . A. Indians B. Eskimos C. Aleuts D. Blacks 68. The largest minority in the United States is the . A. Pacific Islanders B. Blacks C. Native Americans D.
39、Asians 69. The Immigrants Act of 1924 restricted the further immigration into the United States, particularly from . A. Europe B. Asia C. Africa D. South America 70. The characteristic of dominant American culture is . A. English-speaking,
40、 northern European, Roman Catholic and middle-class B. English-speaking, western European, Roman Catholic and upper-class C. English-speaking, northern European, Protestant and upper-class D. English-speaking, western European, Protestant and middle-class 71. The first successful English colony
41、in North America was founded at in . A. Jamestown, Louisiana B. Boston, Massachusetts C. Jamestown, Virginia D. Plymouth, Georgia 72. Pilgrim Fathers are a group of who came to America to avoid persecution in England. A. Protestants B. Puritans C. Catholics
42、 D. Christians 73. The Seven Years’ War occurred between the . A. French and American Indians B. French and Spaniards C. French and British D. British and American Indians 74. “No taxation without representation” was the rallying slogan of . A. the settlers of Virginia
43、 B. the people of Pennsylvania C. the colonists in New England D. the people of the 13 colonies 75. The first shots of the American War of Independence were fired in . A. Concord B. Lexington C. Philadelphia D. Boston 76. In May 1775, was held in Philadelphia and began t
44、o assume the functions of a national government. A. the First Continental Congress B. the Second Continental Congress C. the Boston Tea Party D. the Congress of Confederation 77. Abraham Lincoln issued to grant freedom to all slaves. A. Declaration of Independence B. Constitut
45、ion C. Emancipation Proclamation D. Bill of Rights 78. The policy of the United States was at the beginning of the two world wars. A. neutrality B. full involvement C. partial involvement D. appeasement 79. President applied New Deal to deal with the problems of the Great
46、Depression. A. Wilson B. Truman C. Roosevelt D. Kennedy 80. The Vietnam War was a long-time suffering for Americans, and it continued throughout the terms of Presidents . A. Johnson, Nixon and Ford B. Truman, Eisenhower and Kennedy C. Kennedy, Johnson and Nixon
47、 D. Eisenhower, Kennedy and Johnson 81. The U. S. Constitution came into effect in . A. 1787 B. 1789 C. 1791 D. 1793 82. The Constitution of the United States . A. gives the most power to Congress B. gives the most power to the President C. tries to give each
48、branch enough power to balance the others D. gives the most power to the Supreme Court 83. The Bill of Rights . A. defines the rights of Congress and the rights of the President B. guarantees citizens of the United States specific individual rights and freedoms C. is part of the Declara
49、tion of Independence D. has no relationship with the Constitution 84. The following except are guaranteed in the Bill of Rights. A. freedom of religion B. the right to get into people’s house by police C. freedom of speech and of press D. the right to own one’s weapon if one wishes 85
50、 All the following except cannot make legislative proposal. A. the Senator B. the Representative C. the Secretary of State D. the President 86. The following except are all powers of the President. A. vetoing any bills passed by Congress B. appointing federal judges
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