高考英语形容词和副词语法填空和改错精炼.doc

2017高考英语形容词与副词语法填空与改错考点解读
语法填空
学习目标：1.分清形容(adj)和副词(adv)，包括它们的形式和各自的作用
2.能在语境中正确选择用形容词还是副词，并写对形式
3.注意形容词和副词的一些特殊情况
4.要分清不同的“级”，并能在语境中正确使用不同的“级”（原级、比较级、最高级）
学习方法：1.自主学习（理解并熟记形容词和副词各自的作用和正确形式）
2.通过练习加深对自主学习内容的理解和记忆，并不断思考总结以验证自主学习内容的规律，以便达到更好的灵活使用形容词和副词的目的
学习过程：
Step1自主学习（理解熟记，不懂的立即问）
1)形容词的作用修饰名词作定语,如：abeautifulgirl；系动词后作表语，如：Whatyousaidjustnowisexciting.作动词的宾补,如：Greenvegetableskeepyouhealthy.
2)副词的作用：修饰形容词、动词、副词、介词短语及句子，作状语，如：
extremelyterrible(adj),work(v)hard,getupverylate(adv),deepintothenight(介词短语),
Fortunately,hepassedtheexam.
3)动词、名词变形容词的常见后缀：
后缀
例词
-able
accept—acceptablesuit--suitable
comfort—comfortablereason--reasonable
-ible
access—accessiblehorror—horribleterror--terrible
-ful
-less
forget—forgetfulharm—harmfulhopeless
hope—hopefulpeace—peacefulhelpless
-ed
excite—excitedfrighten--frightened
-ing
excite—excitingfrighten--frightening
-al
music—musicalorigin—original
person—personalcenter—centralnature--natural
-ive
act—activeeffect—effectiveimpress--impressive
-ous
anxiety—anxiouscuriosity—curioushumor--humorous
-t
confidence—confidentpatience--patient
-y
taste—tastyhealth—healthysun--sunny
-ish
fool—foolishchild—childishself--selfish
-ern
south—southerneast--eastern
4)形容词变副词的后缀：
在形容词后加ly可变成相应意义的副词
直接加ly
slow--slowly
改y为i后加ly
happy--happily
去e加ly
true—truly
注意：一些以ly结尾的词是形容词而不是副词：friendly,lively,lovely,likely,deadly,silly,orderly,timely等，需特殊记忆。
5）特殊情况：1.ill,content,afraid,asleep,awake,alive,alone,worth等形容词只放在系动词后作表语。如：I’malonenow.
2.有些词有固定的副词修饰，如：allalone,sound/fastasleep,wideawake,wellworth,like/enjoymuch,well/clearlyremember等，也需特殊记忆。
3.有些副词有两种形式，如：close(adjandadv)/closely，free/freely,high/highly,deep/deeply等，请看例句区别：
Theyaredeeplymoved.（抽象）
Theydiveddeepinthesea.（具体）
特别注意这两个词：hard(adv)：辛苦地，努力地；
hardlyadv)几乎不
6）形容词及副词的“级”
1.熟悉特殊形式的比较级和最高级，如：good/well,better,best
2.熟悉常见的比较结构，如：as…as；比较级+than；the+比较级，the+比较级；the+比较级+ofthe+名词等
3.注意特殊的词，如：senior(to),junior(to),superior(to)等本身含有比较意义，无比较级、最高级形式。
一、考点规律分析
短文改错对形容词与副词的考查主要涉及形容词和副词比较等级的误用（尤其是在本身已是比较级的词前误加more）、形容词与副词的混用（如修饰动词时误用形容词或修饰名词时误用副词）等，另外，用作表语时该用形容词的却误用了名词、简短副词（如in，down等）的误加与漏用、涉及形容词搭配的as…as结构、how与what混用等也是常考的考点。
语法填空
1.Theriverwassopollutedthatit_________(actual)caughtfireandburned.
2.Bendyourkneesslightlyandreachoutyourarmsliketreebranches,naturallyand_______(soft).
3.Justbe______________(patience).
4.Althoughparentsshouldtake_well)careoftheir
youngchildren,theydon’t______________(necessary)doanythingforthem.
5.---DoyoulikeMary’snewhairstyle?
---Perfect!Howmuch________(good)shelookswiththecurlyshorthair!
6.---Areyousatisfiedwiththeresultoftheexam?
---Notatall.Ican’thavea________(bad)one.
7.---Lilydidsucceedatlast!
---Yeah,indeed,butshewas_______________(luck)thansuccessful,Ithink.
8.Thatwouldbeavery_________(reason)thingtodoinabigcity,butitcoulddestroyasmallvillagelikethis.
9.Maryfelt__________(please),becausethereweremanyemptyseatsintheroom.
10.Theteachersareveryenthusiasticand__________(friend)andtheclassroomsare_____________(amaze).
11.anorangeisalittle(big)thanapple,butmuch(small)thanawatermelon.
12.TheChangjiangRiveristhe(long)riverinChina.
13.Sueisalittle(beautiful)thanhersister.
14.Hermotherisgetting(fat)and(fat).
15.Ithinkit’stooexpensive.I’dlikea(cheap)one.
16.Thisbookisnotas(interesting)asthatone.
17.The(hard)youtrytobeathim,themorelikelyyouwillgethit.Hecontrolyou!
18.Icannotcontrolmybodywell.Mylegsbecome(pain).
19.Thereweremanypeoplewaitingatthebusstop,andsomeofthemlookedveryanxiousand(disappoint).
20.Finally,thathardworkpaidoffandnowthewaterintheriveris(clean)thanever.
21.Heownedafarm,whichlookedalmostabandoned.(Lucky),healsohadacowwhichproducedmilkeveryday.
22.As(nature)architects,thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactlyhowthicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.
23.Wallsmadeofadobetakeintheheatfromthesunonhotdaysandgiveoutthatheat(slow)duringcoolnights,thuswarmingthehouse.
24.Thegirlusedtobeshy,butis(gradual)gettingactiveingroupworkandismorewillingtoexpressherself.
25.itwas(consider)ofMichaeltoinformusofhisdelayincasewegotworried.
26.Theygavemoneytotheoldpeople’shomeeither(personal)orthroughtheircompanies.
27.LittleTomsat(amaze)watchingthemonkeydancinginfrontofhim.
28.Itwasoneofthe(excite)experienceIhadeverhad.
29.(Fortune),hemissedthelasttrainandhadtostayedinahotel.
30.Myparentswere(terrible)worriedaboutmysafetywhenIgotlostinthepark.
31.Thelionpouncedonthegoatandthegoatfellonetheground,(die).
32.WetriedoutbesttoclimbthetopofthemountainbutthenIfoundthatoneofmychildrenwas(miss).
33.Becausealanguageis(constant)changing,awordcanmeanatotallydifferentthingtowhatitmeaninthepast.
34.Don’tpanicorgetoutofline,andtrytoremainquietand(calmly).
35.Onceyouhaveconfidence,youcanmakeasmanyfriendsas(possibly).
语法填空
Sometimeago,afriendofmine,whoworkedinapartofthecityIdidn’tknowvery_______(good),invitedmetocallonhim.IttookmehourstogetthereandItook_________(greatly)troubletofindaproperspottoparkmycar.AsIwasalreadythree-quartersofanhourlate,Iparkedmycar__________(quick).
Atnoon,justIwasleavingmyfriend’soffice,it_______(sudden)struckmethatIhadnoideawhereIhadparkedmycar.IcouldhardlygouptoapolicemanandtellhimthatIhadlostasmallgreencarsomewhere!Walkingdownstreet_______street,Iexaminedeachcar_____(close)andwasveryhappytoseeasmallgreencarjustbehindanoldcar.ButHow____________(disappoint)Iwastodiscoverthatthoughthecarwas________exact)likemyown,itbelongedtosomeoneelse!Feelingquite_________(tire)now,Iwentoffforlunch.Sometime__________(late),Ilefttherestaurantandwalkeddownthestreet.Turningthecorner,Inearlyjumpedforjoy:mycarwasrightinfrontofme,andtherewasnoproblemthistime.
MydeskmateadmiresmyfluentEnglishverymuchandIusuallyfeel_________________(encourage)byhiscompliments.
Oneday,whenwelearnedthenewword“eccentric”inclass,we___________(ask)tomakeasentencewithit.Ivolunteeredtodoitby______(say)“Mydeskmateisaneccentricboy______clothesneverfithim.”Hearingthis,thewholeclassburstinto_________(laugh)andmydeskmate’sfaceturnedred._______class,Ilearnedfromtheteacherthatmydeskmate_____________(drop)outofschoolifhehadn’tbeenhelpedbyothers.Mymindlesswordsmust___________(hurt)himdeeply.
NotuntilthendidIrealizewordscouldbepowerful_____bothpositiveandnegativeways.Weshouldavoid_________(hurt)othersifwecan’talwaysbeencouragingwhenwespeak.
单句改错
（1）Afteranhourorsowebegantofeelveryfrightening.
（2）Charlessaid，“AssoonasIseearealtallbuilding，Iwanttoclimbit.
（3）LastSunday，policecarshurrytothetallerbuildinginNewYork.
（4）Asaresult，peopleinthemodernworldgenerallylivemuchmorelongerthanpeopleinthepast.
（5）Therefore，therearestillsomecountrieswherepeoplehaveshorterlives.
（6）Peopleinindustrialcountriescanexpecttolivefortwicesolongaspeoplewholivedafewhundredyearsago.
（7）Insomeplacesyoumayborrowmanybooksasyouwant.
（8）ItoldMother，Father，SisterandallmyfriendsherethatagreattimeIhad.
（9）Ineverknewaridedownarivercouldbesomuchexciting.
（10）I‘msurewe’llhaveawonderfullytimetogether.
（11）First，letmetellyousomethingmoreaboutmyself.
（12）Iusedtoplayping-pongalotinmysparetime，butnowIaminterestinginfootball.
（13）Also，thesportteachesustheimportantofobedience.
（14）Unfortunate，therearetoomanypeopleinmyfamily.
（15）IthinkIlikedthoseclassesbecauseIfeltthattheyhelpedmeunderstandwhattheworldworks.
（16）Afterlearningthebasicsofthesubject，??nothingelseseemedverypracticallytome.
（17）WheneverIseethemIwilloftenthinkofmyEnglishteacher.
（18）Whatthingsareinotherhomes，Iwonder.
（19）Forinstance，onenightheplayedstrongandloudlymusictillfouro‘clockinthemorning.
（20）Butheisdifferencenow.
（21）Thetimepassesquickly.Eveningcamedown.
（22）…althoughradioscanbeverynoise.
（23）…allplannedandwrittenbygrown-upstomakechildrenwantthingsthattheydon‘trealneed.
（24）Butoneofthebestplayersinourteamtoldmejustthenthathewouldn‘tplaybasketballanymore.
（25）Butoneofthebestplayersinourteamtoldmejustnowthathewouldn‘tplaybasketballoncemore.
（26）Iwoulddescribemyselfasshyandquietly.
（27）FindinginformationontheNetiseasily.
（28）Yes，aconcertcanbeveryexcited.
（30）Nowadaysmillionsofpeopleofallagetakepleasureinahobbywhichisbothinterestedandfun.
（31）Shecalled119immediate.
（32）However，??weseldomfeltlonelyorhelplessly.
高考常见形容词与副词
1.immediateadj立即的，即刻的；立刻的，马上2.clearadj清楚的，清晰的
3.cautiousadj小心翼翼的4.vividadj生动的，逼真的
5.exactlyadv1.确切地,精确地。完全地2.恰好地,正好地6.fortunatelyadv.幸运地
3.(用于答语)完全正确。（的确这样）
7.surprisinglyadv令人惊讶的8.hardlyadv几乎不
9.insteadadv代替，相反10atleast至少
11.speciallyadv专门12.especiallyadv特别，尤其
13.simplyadv简单地；仅仅，只不过14.namelyadv即，也就是
15.notnearly=farfrom=nowherenear远非，远远不，一点也不16.patientadj耐心的；n病人
17.plainadj简单的，朴素的18.familiaradj熟悉的。
19.luckyadj幸运的20.amazingadj令人惊异的，
21.accidentallyadv1.偶然地。意外地2.附带地22.silentadj沉默的
23.calmadj平静的24.secretadj秘密的
25.otherwiseadv否则26.meanwhileadv期间，同时
27.besidesadv除…..以外还有28.efficientadj高效的，有效的
29.flexibleadj灵活的plexadj复杂的
31.smoothadj平稳的，光滑的，顺利的32.cautiousadj小心翼翼的
33.sensitiveadj敏感的，体贴的34.honestadj诚实的
35.confidentadj自信的36.shyadj.1.害羞的，腼腆2.羞涩的
37.thoughtfuladj1.深思的,沉思的2.富有思想的。经认真推敲的
38.lightheartedandoptimisticadj无忧无虑而且非常乐观
39.neverthelessadj然而40.privateadj私人的(privatecars)
41.personaladj个人的(personalbelongings)42.uniqueadj唯一的,独一无二的。独特的
43.favourableadj赞同的，有利的44.preciousadj宝贵的，珍贵的
45.essentialadj必要的，重要的46.worthwhileadj值得的
47.physicaladj体力的，物理的48.suddenadj突然的
49.merelyadv仅仅，只50.rarelyadv罕见的
51.splendidlyadj极好地，灿烂地52.increasinglyadv越来越多地
53.naturallyadv自然地54.accurateadj精确的，准确的
55.ridiculousadj可笑的，荒谬的56.urgentadj紧急的，急迫的
57.shallowadj浅的，肤浅的58.frequentlyadv经常地,频繁地
59.especiallyadv特别地，尤其地60.obviouslyadv显而易见
61.necessarilyadv必要地，必须地，必然地62.generallyadv一般地，通常地
63.eventuallyadv最终，最后64.adoptableadv可采用的,可收养的
65.acceptableadj可以接受的66.available(adj)可利用的,可使用的，可得到的
67.accessibleadj易接近的，易受影响的，可理解的68.relativelyadv相对地，比较地
69.approximatelyadv大约70.absolutelyadv绝对正确，
71.punctualadj守时的72.gentleadj温柔的
73.neatlyadv整洁地74.entirelyadv完全地
75.highlyadv高度地，非常地76.stronglyadv强烈地，坚固地
77.extremelyadv极端地，非常78.reasonablyadv合乎情理地
79.eagerlyadv热切地；渴望地80.badlyadv很，非常
81.slightlyadv稍微，轻微地82.equallyadv平等地
83.latelyadv最近，近来84.enthusiasticadj热情的。热烈的。热心的
85.energeticadj精力充沛的，有活力的86.talkativeadj1.喜欢说话的
87.impressiveadj影象深刻的2.多嘴的3.健谈的
88.traditionaladj传统的89.practicaladj1.实践的,实际的
90.similaradj类似的，相似的91.convenientadj方便的，便利的
92.soonerorlater迟早，早晚，93.moreorless或多或少，差不多，几乎
94.onceinawhile偶尔，时而不时95.nowandthen偶尔，有时