2023年GCT真题A卷外语运用能力测试.doc

2023年GCT真题A卷——外语运用能力测试
第四部分  外语运用能力测试(英语)
(50题，每题2分，满分100分)
Part One  Vocabulary and Structure
Directions:
      There are ten incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four
choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark
your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.
1. He added that the state government has made _________ arrangements for the conference.
    A. accurate                       B. absolute
    C. adequate                       D. active
2. This video may be freely reproduced __________ commercial promotion or sale.
    A. as for                          B. except for
    C. thanks to                       D. up to
3. You ___________ engage in serious debate or discussion unless you are willing to endure attacks.
    A. have better not                  B. had better not
    C. have better not to                D. had better not to
4. Coffee has been a favorite drink for centuries, _________ the time when we were drinking it strong and black, without sugar.
    A. during                         B. for
    C. before                         D. since
5. By 2050 the world will have about 2 billion people aged over 60, three times _________ today.
    A. as much as                     B. as that of
C. as many as                     D. as those of
6. Saffron returned to London to __________ her acting career after four years of modeling.
    A. follow                        B. chase
    C. seek                          D. pursue
7. He has fancy dreams about his life, and nothing ever quite ____________ his expectations.
    A. matches                       B. makes
    C. reaches                       D. realizes
8. ___________ my neighbor's kid with his coming exam, I spend an hour working with him every day.
    A. To help                        B. Helping
    C. Helped                        D. Having helped
9. When I worked as a bank clerk, I had the opportunity to meet a rich ___________ of people: students, soldiers and factory workers
    A. diversity                       B. kind
    C. range                          D. variety
10. Cuts in funding have meant that equipment has been kept in service long after it _____________ replaced.
     A. should have been              B. would have been
     C. could have been               D. might have been
Part Two  Reading Comprehension
Directions:
    In this part there are three passages and one chart, each followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.
Questions 11-15 are based on the following passage:
     Happy hours are not necessarily happy, nor do they last for an hour, but they have become a part of the ritual of the office worker and businessman.
     On weekdays in pubs and bars throughout America, there is the late afternoon happy hour. The time may vary from place to place, but usually it is held from four to seven. After the workday is finished, office workers in large cities and small towns take a relaxing pause and do not go directly home. They head off instead for the nearest bar or pub to be with friends, co-workers and colleagues. Within minutes the pub is filled to capacity with businessmen and secretaries, office clerks and stock executives. They gather around the bar like birds around a fountain or forest animals around a watering hole and chat about the trifles of office life or matters more personal. This is their desert garden, the place to relieve the day's stress at the office.
     At these happy hours, social binding occurs between people who share the same workplace or similar professions. They may chat about each other or talk about a planned project that has yet to meet a deadline. In this sense, these places become extensions of the workplace and constitute a good portion of one's social life.
11. For office workers and businessmen the happy hour is their ____________.
     A. professional requirement       B. regular practice
     C. refreshing break               D. unpaid work
12. Happy hours are held because office workers need to ___________.
     A. have a good rest after work      B. stay away from household work
     C. make new friends              D. celebrate their achievements
13. The phrase "filled to capacity" in Paragraph 2 means the pub is _____________.
     A. too crowded                  B. rather entertaining
     C. completely full                D. very noisy
14. Happy hours contribute to office workers' __________.
     A. cooperation in society           B. promotion in their company
     C. connection in society           D. loyalty to their company
15. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
     A. The happy hour is a social gathering in America.
     B. People avoid talking about work at happy hours.
     C. Happy hours are held on weekdays only.
     D. People exchange work experiences at happy hours.
Questions 16-20 are based on the following passage:
     Lazy? Shy? Live in a cave? Those might not be positive attributes for the average human, but they sure are good for animals trying to survive in a changing environment. According to a new study, beasts that hibernate (冬眠) or crawl into holes are less likely to be listed as endangered than those that don't.
     Following up a previous study on extinct animals, which showed that species exhibiting "sleep or hide" (SLOH) behaviors did better than others, the researchers wanted to see if the same was true of modern creatures like moles and bears. To find out if our more timid animals have a leg up in the survival game, researchers made a master list of 443 sleep-or-hide mammals.
     With their list in hand, the team compared their 443 to the "red list" of endangered species published by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. As suspected, a sleepy or hiding animal was less likely to be on the red list than a regular animal, and a red-list animal was also less likely to be a SLOH-er.
    This makes a lot of sense, as animals that hide away in a cave or a tree hole are protected by their physical shelters from a variable environment outside, while hibernators enjoy a flexible metabolism (新陈代谢) that can help them adapt to a changing climate.
16. On the list of extinct animals studied, there were _____________.
     A. fewer SLOH-ers than regular animals
     B. more SLOH-ers than expected
     C. as many SLOH-ers as regular animals
     D. hardly any SLOH-ers
17. The phrase "a leg up" in Paragraph 2 probably means __________.
     A. an instinct                    B. an advantage
     C. a fight                       D. a chance
18. The study of modem creatures ___________.
     A. is unrelated to the study of extinct animals
     B. finds evidence missing in the study of extinct animals
     C. has findings similar to those of the study of extinct animals
     D. reveals a different pattern from the study of extinct animals
19. According to the passage, red-list animals are more likely to ____________.
     A. be lazy                     B. be timid
     C. live long                     D. sleep less
20. In the last paragraph the author ____________.
     A. compares the behaviors of sleepers and hiders
     B. offers an explanation for the survival of sleepers and hiders
     C. analyzes how a changing environment affects SLOH-ers
     D. emphasizes what can be learned from SLOH-ers
Questions 21-25 are based on the following passage:
    In computing, passwords are commonly used to limit access to official users. Yet the widespread use of passwords has serious drawbacks. Office workers now have to remember an average of twelve system passwords. In theory they should use different passwords for each site, but in reality these would be impossible to remember, so many people use the same password for all.
    An additional problem is that the majority use simple words such as "hello", or names of family members, instead of more secure combinations of numbers and letters, such as 6ANV76Y. This permits computer hackers to download dictionaries and quickly find the word that allows them access.
     When system users forget their passwords there is extra expense in supplying new ones, while if people are forced to change passwords frequently they often write them down, making systems even less secure. Therefore, it is clear that the idea of passwords, which have been used as security devices for thousands of years, may need rethinking.
     One possible alternative has been developed by the American firm Real User, and is called "passfaces". In order to access the system a worker has to select a series of photographs of faces from a randomly (随机地) generated sequence. If the pictures are selected in the correct order, access is granted. This concept depends on the human ability to recognize and remember a huge number of different faces, and the advantage is that such a sequence cannot be told to anyone or written down, so is more secure. It is claimed that the picture sequence, which used photographs of university students, is easier to remember than passwords, and it has now been adopted for the United States Senate.
21. What is the disadvantage of passwords as mentioned in Paragraph 1 ?
     A. They do not ensure security.
     B. They are difficult to remember.
     C. They have to be changed frequently.
     D. They limit computer accessibility.
22. One can make a password safer by _____________.
     A. inserting pictures between numbers
     B. avoiding the use of letters altogether
     C. setting up a firewall against computer hackers
     D. using complicated combinations of numbers and letters
23. "Passfaces" is a method to get access to a system through ___________.
     A. remembering a large number of faces
     B. selecting photographs of faces one likes
     C. recognizing a sequence of face pictures
     D. showing one's face in front of the computer
24. One advantage of "Passfaces" over a password is that ____________.
     A. it is easier to remember
     B. it is more complicated
     C. it takes less time to log in
     D. it allows one to write less
25. What does the author think of the password?
      A. R is an old system that needs improvement.
      B. It provides as much security as before.
      C. R should be abandoned by computer users.
      D. It has developed to an advanced stage.
Questions 26-30 are based on the following chart:
FedEx
Service
Restrictions U.S. EXPRESS FREIGHT
 INTERNATIONAL
EXPRESS
FREIGHT
 INTERNATIONAL AIR CARGO
 1 or 2 Day
Freight
 3 Day
Freight
 International
Priority Freight or
Economy Freight
 International
Premium or
Express Freight
 International
Airport to
Airport
Minimum weight
per piece or
shipment 68kg
 68kg
 68kg
 No minimum
restrictions
 No minimum
restrictions
Maximum weight
per piece 997kg 997kg 997kg 997kg 997kg
Maximum length Plus girth per piece 762cm
 762cm
 762cm
 762cm
 762cm
Maximum length
per piece 302cm
 302cm
 302cm
 302cm
 302cm
Maximum height
per piece 178cm 178cm 178cm 178cm 178cm

26. Which of the following might be a proper title for the chart?
     A. FedEx Freight Measurements and Methods
     B. FedEx Shipment Regulations in US and Other Countries
     C. FedEx International Freight Customer Service Guide
     D. FedEx Express Freight and Air Cargo Service Restrictions
27. What's the minimum weight a shipment must reach in order to be transported by air?
     A. No restrictions.                B. 68kg.
     C. 122kg.                       D. 997kg.
28. If you need to ship something 300cm long within US, which service can you choose?
     A. Shipment in less than 1 day
     B. Shipment in 1 or 2 days.
     C. Shipment in 3 days.
     D. Shipment in more than 3 days.
29. What does "girth" possibly mean?
     A. Measurement around an object.
     B. Measurement of object weight.
     C. Formula to calculate object width.
     D. Formula to calculate object length.
30. FedEx services have different restrictions on the goods' ____________.
     A. maximum weight per piece
     B. maximum length plus girth per piece
     C. maximum length per piece
     D. maximum height per piece
Part Three  Cloze
Directions:
     There are ten blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.
     Fueled by weather, wind, and dry undergrowth, uncontrolled wildfires can burn acres of land—and consume everything in their way—in mere minutes.
      31   , more than 100,000 wildfires clear 4 million to 5 million acres of land in the U.S. every year. A wildfire moves at speeds of up to 23 kilometers an hour, consuming everything—trees, bushes, homes, even humans—in its  32.
     There are three conditions that need to be  33  in order for a wildfire to burn: fuel, oxygen, and a heat source. Fuel is any material  34  a fire that will burn quickly and easily, including trees, grasses, bushes, even homes. Air supplies the oxygen a fire  35  to burn. Heat sources help spark the wildfire and bring fuel to   36  hot enough to start burning. Lightning, burning campfires or cigarettes, hot winds, and even the sun can all provide  37  heat to spark a wildfire.
      38  often harmful and destructive to humans, naturally occurring wildfires play a positive role in nature. They  39  nutrients to the soil by burning dead or decaying matter. They remove diseased plants and harmful insects from a forest ecosystem (生态系统). And by burning  40  thick trees and bushes, wildfires allow sunlight to reach the forest floor, enabling a new generation of young plants to grow.
31. A. After all       B. Above all    C. In sum         D. On average
32. A. route          B. track       C. path           D. trace
33. A. stable         B. present     C. fixed           D. favorable
34. A. surrounding    B. keeping    C. causing         D. making
35. A. acquires       B. needs      C. captures        D meets
36. A. materials      B. places      C. temperatures    D. conditions
37. A. additional      B. excessive   C. plentiful       D. sufficient
38. A. Although      B. As         C. If             D. Whereas
39. A. drive          B. reduce     C. return          D. assign
40. A. over          B. through    C. below          D. beyond
Part Four  Dialogue Completion
Directions:
     In this part, there are ten short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each
followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that most appropriately
suits the conversational context