2023年四级真题.doc

2023年6月全国大学英语四级考试 —— 试卷
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
1. 越来越多旳博物馆免费对外开放旳目旳是什么？
2. 也会带来某些问题
3. 你旳见解？
Free admission to museums

Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)
How Do You See Diversity?
As a manager, Tiffany is responsible for interviewing applicants for some of the positions with her company .During one interview, she noticed that the candidate never made direct eye contact. She was puzzled and somewhat disappointed because she liked the individual otherwise.
He had a perfect resume and gave good responses to her questions, but the fact that he never looked her in the eye said “untrustworthy,” so she decided to offer the job to her second choice.
“It wasn’t until I attended a diversity workshop that I realized the person we passed over was the perfect person,” Tiffany confesses. What she hadn’t known at the time of the interview was that the candidate’s “different” behavior was simply a cultural misunderstanding . He was an Asian-American raised in a household where respect for those in authority was shown by averting(避开) your eyes.
“I was just thrown off by the lack of ye contact; not realizing it was cultural,” Tiffany says. “I missed out ,but will not miss that opportunity again.”
Many of us have had similar encounters with behaviors we perceive as different. As the world becomes smaller and our workplaces more diverse, it is becoming essential to expand our under-standing of others and to reexamine some of our false assumptions .
Hire Advantage
At a time when hiring qualified people is becoming more difficult ,employers who can eliminate invalid biases(偏爱) from the process have a distinct advantage .My company, Mindsets LLC ,helps organizations and individuals see their own blind spots . A real estate recruiter we worked with illustrates the positive difference such training can make .
“During my Mindsets coaching session ,I was taught how to recruit a diversified workforce. I recruited people from different cultures and skill sets .The agents were able to utilize their full potential and experiences to build up the company .When the real estate market began to change, it was because we had a diverse agent pool that we were able to stay in the real estate market much longer than others in the same profession.”
Blinded by Gender
Dale is an account executive who attended one of my workshops on supervising a diverse workforce . “Through one of the sessions ,I discovered my personal bias ,” he recalls . “I learned I had not been looking at a person as a whole person , and being open to differences .” In his case , the blindness was not about culture but rather gender .
“I had a management position open in my department ;and the two finalists were a man and a woman . Had I not attended this workshop , I would have automatically assumed the man was the best candidate because the position required quite a bit of extensive travel . My reasoning would have been that even though both candidates were great and could have been successful in the position , I assumed the woman would have wanted to be home with her children and not travel .”Dale’s assumptions are another example of the well-intentioned but incorrect thinking that limits an organization’s ability to tap into the full potential of a diverse workforce .
“I learned from the class that instead of imposing my gender biases into the situation , I needed to present the full range of duties, responsibilities and expectations to all candidates and allow them to make an informed decision .” Dale credits the workshop , “because it helped me make decisions based on fairness .”
Year of the Know-It-All
Doug is another supervisor who attended one of my workshops .He recalls a major lesson learned from his own employee.
“One of my most embarrassing moments was when I had a Chinese-American employee put in a request to take time off to celebrate Chinese New Year . In my ignorance , I assumed he had his dates wrong , as the first of January had just passed . When I advised him of this , I gave him a long talking-to about turning in requests early with the proper dates .
“He patiently waited , then when I was done , he said he would like Chinese New Year did not begin January first , and that Chinese New Year ,which is tied to the lunar cycle ,is one of the most celebrated holidays on the Chinese calendar . Needless to say , I felt very embarrassed in assuming he had his dates mixed up . But I learned a great deal about assumptions , and that the timing of holidays varies considerably from culture to culture .
“Attending the diversity workshop helped me realize how much I could learn by simply asking questions and creating dialogues with my employees , rather than making assumptions and trying to be a know-it-all ,” Doug admits . “The biggest thing I took away from the workshop is learning how to be more ‘inclusive’ to differences.”
A better Bottom Line
An open mind about diversity not only improves organizations internally , it is profitable as well . These comments from a customer service representative show how an inclusive attitude can improve sales .”Most of my customers speak English as a second language . One of the best things my company has done is to contract with a language service that offers translations over the phone . It wasn’t until my boss received Mindsets’ training that she was able to understand how important inclusiveness was to customer service . As result , our customer base has increased .”
Once we start to see people as individuals . and discard the stereotypes , we can move positively toward inclusiveness for everyone . Diversity is about coming together and taking advantage of our differences and similarities . It is about building better communities and organizations that enhance us as individuals and reinforce our shared humanity .
When we begin to question our assumptions and challenge what we think we have learned from our past , from the media, peers , family , friends , etc , we begin to realize that some of our conclusions are flawed(有缺陷旳) or contrary to our fundamental values . We need to train our-selves to think differently , shift our mindsets and realize that diversity opens doors for all of us ,creating opportunities in organizations and communities that benefit everyone .
1. What bothered Tiffany during an interview with her candidate?
A) He just wouldn’t look her in the eye. He was slow in answering her questions.
B) His answers to some of her questions were irrelevant.
C) His answers to some of her questions were irrelevant .
2. Tiffany’s misjudgment about the candidate stemmed from .
A) Racial stereotypes. C) Racial stereotypes.
B) Invalid personal bias . D) Emphasis on physical appearance
3. What is becoming essential in the course of economic globalization according to the author?
A) Hiring qualified technical and management personnel.
B) Increasing understanding of people of other cultures.
C) Constantly updating knowledge and equipment.
D) Expanding domestic and international markets.
4. What kind of organization is Mindsets LLC?
A) A real estate agency. C) A cultural exchange organization.
B) A personnel training company. D) A hi-tech company
5. After one of the workshops ,account executive Dale realized that .
A) He had hired the wrong person. B) He could have done more for his company.
C) He had not managed his workforce well. D) He must get rid of his gender bias.
6. What did Dale think of Mindsets LLC’s workshop?
A) It was well-intentioned but poorly conducted. B) It tapped into the executives’ full potential.
C) It helped him make fair decisions. D) It met participants’ diverse needs.
7. How did Doug, a supervisor, respond to a Chinese-American employee’s request for leave?
A) He told him to get the dates right. C)He flatly turned it down
B) He demanded an explanation. D)He readily approved it.
8. Doug felt when he realized that his assumption was wrong.
9. After attending Mindsets’ workshops, the participants came to know the importance of _________ to their business.
10. When we view people as individuals and get rid of stereotypes , we can achieve diversity and benefit from the ______ between us.
Part III Listening Comprehension (35 Minutes)
Section A
11. A) She expected more people at her party. B) She enjoys entertaining small children.
C) She threw a surprise party for her friend D) She has always enjoyed great popularity.
12. A) They are not used to living in a cold place. B) They feel lucky to live in Florida.
C) They are going to have a holiday. D) They have not booked their air tickets yet.
13. A) He was pleased to get the medal. C) He used to be a firefighter.
B) He was very courageous. D) He was accused of causing a fire.
14. A) Make a profitable investment. C) Get parts for the machine from Japan.
B) Buy a new washing machine D) Have the old washing machine fixed.
15. A) He is pleased with his exciting new job. B) He finds the huge workload unbearable.
C) He finds his office much too big for him. D) He is not so excited about his new position.
16. A) The woman is going to hold a big party tomorrow.
B) The man has no idea what the right thing to do is.
C) The woman doesn’t know how to get to the party.
D) The man offers to drive the woman to the party.
17. A) Drawing up a business plan. C) Finalizing a contract.
B) Discussing a term paper. D) Reviewing a co-authored article.
18. A) She ordered some paper. C) She chatted online with a friend
B) She had the printer repaired. D) She filled in an application form
Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
19. A) His health is getting worse. C) His past life upsets him a good deal.
B) He can no longer work at sea. D) He has not got the expected pension.
20. A) She passed away years ago. C) She has been working at a clinic.
B) She used to work as a model. D) She has been seriously ill for years.
21. A) She has made lots of money as a doctor. B) She is going to take care of her old dad.
C) She has never got on with her father. D) She is kind and generous by nature.
22. A) He dines out with his wife every weekend. B) He is excellent but looks had-tempered.
C) He does not care about his appearance. D) He is not quite popular with his patients.
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
23. A) The man has sent the order to the woman by mistake
B) Some of the telephone systems don’t work properly
C) Some of the packs do not contain any manuals.
D) The quality of the goods is not up to the standard.
24. A) Send a service engineer to do the repairs. B) Consult her boss about the best solution.
C) Pass the man’s order to the right person. D) The quality of the goods is not up to the standard.
25. A) Ideal. B) Temporary C) Partial D) Creative
Section B
Passage One
Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.
26. A) It is entertaining. C) It takes lots of time.
B) It is a costly hobby. D) It requires training.
27. A) They can harm nearby plants. C) They fight each other for food.
B) They may catch some disease. D) They may pollute the environment.
28. A) Place the food on warmer spots. C) Avoid using any contaminated food.
B) Use prepared feed mixtures only. D) Continue the feeding till it gets warm.
Passage Two
Questions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.
29. A) He will betray even his best friends. B) He is able to make up good excuses.
C) He will lie whenever he wants. D) He tries to achieve his goal at any cost
30. A) She made him apologize C) She broke up with him.
B) She readily forgave him D) She refused to answer his calls.
31. A) Buy her a new set of tires. C) Lend her his batteries.
B) Help clean her apartment. D) Move furniture for her.
Passage Three
Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
32. A) The atmosphere they live in is rather unreal. B) Their parents put too much pressure on them.
C) It’s hard for them to get along with other kids. D) They have to live in the shadow of their parents.
33. A) He always boasts about his rich father. B) He will grow up to be good for nothing.
C) He has too much to know the value of things. D) He is too young to manage his inherited property.
34. A) She wants Amanda to get professional care. B) She has no experience in raising children.
C) She wants to show off her wealth. D) She has no time to do it herself.
35. A) The lifestyle depicted in Hollywood movies. B) The worship of money, beauty and pleasure.
C) The attention the media focuses on them. D) The pursuing of perfection in performance.
Section C
Around 120 years ago, Ebbinghaus began his study of memory. He(36) .on studying how quickly the human mind can remember (37) . One result of his research is known as the total time hypothesis(假设), which simply means the amount you learn (38) on the time you spend trying to learn it . This can be taken as our first rule of learning.
Although it is usually true that studying for four hours is better than studying for one, there is still the question of how we should use the four hours. For example, is it better to study for four hours (39) or to study for one hour a day for four days in a (40) ?. The answer, as you may have (41) , is that it is better to spread out the study times. This (42) , through which we can learn more (43) .by dividing our practice time, is known as the distribution of practice effect. Thus, (44)
But we’re not finished yet. We haven’t considered how we should study over very short periods of time. (45) .Should you look at the same word in rapid succession, or look at the word and then have some delay before you look at it again ?(46)
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Part IV Reading Comprehension (reading in depth) (25 minutes)
Section A
Questions 47 to 56 are based