英语四级冲刺范文背诵.pptx

四级写作的题材具有显著的现实性，基本可以分为四级写作的题材具有显著的现实性，基本可以分为两大类：两大类：1.贴近大学生的学习工作及课余生活的校园题材；贴近大学生的学习工作及课余生活的校园题材；2.论及当前社会的现象、发展变化及进步的热点话论及当前社会的现象、发展变化及进步的热点话题。题。作文作文主要的写作结构主要的写作结构n 对比论述型对比论述型n 观点论证型观点论证型n 问题解决型问题解决型n 现象分析型现象分析型n图片、图表分析型图片、图表分析型图表、图片分析型图表、图片分析型图表作文的命题形式是根据图片或者图表，要求考生用简洁、生动的语言把图表中所提供的信息准确、完整地表达出来。然后进行分析和评论，并得出合乎逻辑的结论。图表作文是一种信息的转换。也就是说，写图表作文时，首先要以题目中的要求为指导，审慎读图，准确把握图表传达的信息，将其扩展成文。图表作文往往是以说明为主，图表中的数据是为了说明某个问题而提供的，只要问题能阐释清楚，就不必面面俱到地把所有数据都在文章中引用出来。考生要切忌毫无目的地引用图表中的数据。引用数据过多的同学往往得分很低。二、图表作文的段落设计二、图表作文的段落设计1.开头段-说明该图表反映的概况，选择能充分说明主题的典型数据进行概述；2.中间段-对数据进行仔细地分析比较，归纳出增减速率，找出产生变化的原因；3.结尾段-写出看完图表后的想法或评论，得出自己的结论。backStructurevFrom the graph(table,chart),we can clearly see the increase(decrease)of _.It added up to(decreased)_ in 19_,while it increased(decreased,were,was)to _in 19_.Therefore,it can be predicated that _ is(are)to be on the rise(on the decrease)in the future.vThere are chiefly _ reasons for the increase(decline).In the first place,owing to _,_have realized the importance of _.Secondly,with the development of(with the growth of,with the increase of,with the improvement of),_ have adopted more active and effective methods.vIn spite of whats mentioned above,there are some problems.The graph indicates that _ was(were)fluctuated(波动波动).Hence,the situation is still serious and how to improve _ is still a challenging task.图表作文模板vAs can be clearly seen from the graph/table/chart,vgreat changed have taken place in _ 图表显示的情况vOr:As is shown in the table/figure,.vThe _ have/has skyrocketed/jumped from _ to _.描述变化vWhen it comes to the reasons for the changes,different people give different explanations.Here I shall just give a few.概述原因vTo begin with,.原因之一vWhats more,.原因之二vLast but not least,.原因之三vWhile it is desirable that _,there are still some problems and difficulties for _ 话题转移vFirstly,_ 要点一vIn addition,_ 要点二vIn a word,_ 总结vChanges in People DietvOutline:1.statethechangesinpeoplesdietinthepastfiveyears2.givepossiblereasonsforthechanges3.drawyourownconclusionYear/food19921993199419951996Grain49%47%46.5%45%45%Milk10%11%11%12%13%Meat17%20%22.5%23%23.5%Fruit Vegetable24%22%20%20%21%Total100%100%100%100%100%The GraphvFrom the graph,we can clearly see that great changes have been taking place inpeoplesdietovertheperiodfrom1992to1996.Theconsumptionofgrainisdecreasingyearbyyear,whilethatofsomehighenergyfood,suchasmilkandmeat,isincreasingsteadily.v There are two major reasons.In the first place,withtheimprovementinthelivingstandard,peoplecanaffordtobuymuchmoreexpensivefoodwithbetternutrition.Secondly,peoplenowpaymoreattentiontothequalityofit,becausetheyknowitisofgreatbenefittotheirhealthtodietinascientificway.Therefore,theytrytheirbesttoimprovethestructureoftheirfood.vFrom the above,we can see that peopleslivinglevelhasbeenrisingmarkedlyinthepastfiveyears.Anditcanbeconcludedthattherewillbeamoreprosperousfuturewaitingforus.图表分析型图表分析型1.上图所示为1990年、1995年、2000年某校大学生使用计算机的情况，请描述其变化；2.请说明发生这些变化的原因（可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明）；3.你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题。v (1)As is shown in the bar chart above,wecanseethatcollegestudentsarenowspendingmuchmoretimeonthecomputer,fromonehourtofourhoursperweekfrom1990to1995.(2)It is self-evident thatitsharplyincreasestotwentyhoursintheyearof2000.(3)And still,thetimethatcollegestudentsspendinusingcomputersisontherise.v(4)Three possible reasons contribute tothisphenomenon.(4)One reason is thatmostcollegestudentsnowcanaffordapersonalcomputerduetothesharpdeclineinitsprice.(5)Another reason is thattheyfindthecomputerawonderfulthingtohavefunwith.For instance,theycanchatthroughQQorplayinggamesonline.(6)Whats more,fromInternet,theycanlearnthingsmuchmorequicklythansimplyfromreadingbookssothattheycansecureagoodjobinthefuture.(7)All these lead tomuchmoretimespentinusingcomputers.v(8)However,in my opinion,therearesomecomplaintsfrombothteachersandstudents.(9)For one thing,studentscomplainaboutthelessavailabilityofcomputersandslowspeedofthenetwork.(10)For another,someteachersworrythatthemuchmoretimespentplayingcomputergamesorsurfingonlinewillleadstudentstoignoretheirstudiesandevendocheatinginsteadofdoingresearchbytheirown.(11)To sum up,inspiteofproblemsconcerningtheuseofcomputer,computerisstillofmoremeritsthandefects.Production of Radios and TV Sets in Factory Av根据左图，写一篇120字的短文。Production of Radios and TV Sets in Factory AvAccordingtothegraph,duringtheperiodfrom1980to1989,therewasgradualdeclineintheproductionofradiosinFactoryA.Itfellfrom1,600setspermonthin1980to1,000,setspermonthin1989.Thus,therewasatotalfallof600setspermonthlyoutputduringthetenyears.Ontheotherhand,therewasamarkedincreaseintheproductkmofTVsets,Thefactoryproducedonly200setsin1980,buttheoutputroseto1,200setspermonthin1989.Thus.therewasatotalincreaseof1,000setspermonthduringthetenyearsperiod.Thepresentoutputappearsstableat1,200setspermonth.Traveling Abroadv补充：1.Aswecanseefromthechart/graph/table/diagram2.Thechart/graph/table/diagramshowsthatAsisshownin;Accordingto;Ascanbeseenin3.Thischart/graph/table/diagramshowsagreat/sharp/sudden/slow/rapid.increase/drop.4.Tomakeageneralization;onthewhole;ingeneral/generallyspeaking5.表示增长、上升的词汇increase,rise,climb,goup,soar,skyrocket，副词：sharply,remarkably,obviously,significantly,gradually,slowly6.表示下降、减少的词汇decrease,drop,fall,godown,decline7.表示持续不变的词汇leveloff;remainsteady/unchanged8.表示倍数的词汇double;triplethenumberof/thepercentageof;four/fivetimes9.表示多少的词汇alittle/much/alotmore/lessthan,over图表作文框架图表作文框架:第一段只写三句第一段只写三句v第一句：Asisshowninthegraphabove,wecanseeclearlythatgreatchangeshavetakenplaceinfromtov第二句：Thefirstyearssawv第三句：Thelastyearswitnessedv第二段只写四句第二段只写四句v第一句：Whathascausedthisproblem?Itseemstomethattherearereasons.v第二句：Firstly,/第三句：Secondly,/第四句：Finally,v第三段只写四句第三段只写四句v第一句：Howtosolvetheproblemhasbecomeahotissueamongmanypeople.v第二句：Foronething,/第三句：Foranother,v第四句：Onlyinthiswaycanwesuccessfullysolvetheproblem.不同观点作文不同观点作文v第一段一般只写三句第一段一般只写三句v第一句：Itiswidelybelievedthatbymanypeopleforsometimethat.v第二句：Onereasontheythinkisthat.v第三句：Theotherreasontheyholdisthat.v第二段一般只写三句第二段一般只写三句v第一句：Whileothersarguethat.v第二句：Theymaintainthat.v第三句：Theyalsoclaimthat.v第三段写四句第三段写四句v第一句：Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wemaycometotheconclusionthat.v第二句：Ontheonehand,.v第三句：Ontheotherhand,.v第四句：Onlyinthiswaycanwe.TheHarmfulnessofSmokingv1.Showyourunderstandingofthesymbolicmeaningofthecartoon;v2.Givereasonswhysmokingisharmful;andv3.Howwecansolvetheproblem.vModelCompositionvAsisshowninthecartoon,whenthemanisenjoyingthecigarette,thesmokebecomesamonster（怪物）whichwilldevourhim.Thispicturetellsusvividlythatsmokingisharmfultopeople.vTheharmfulnessofsmokingcanbeillustratedinthreeaspects.Firstofall,smokingdoesharmtopeopleshealth.Itiscommonknowledgethatmanydeadlydiseasesderivefromsmoking.Thebestexampleislungcancer.Inaddition,smokingcostsalotofmoney.Itisestimatedthattensofbillionsofyuanisspentoncigaretteseveryyearinourcountry,whichisahugewaste.Lastbutnottheleastimportant,smokingmaycausefire.DoyoustillrememberthebigfireinNortheasternChinawhichcausedseriousdamagestopeopleslivesandproperties?vSincesmokingdoessomanyharms,everyoneofusshouldtrytodosomethingtoputanendtotheproblem.Thegovernmentshouldmakestricterrulestoprohibitsmokinginpublicplacesandthesmokersshouldgiveupsmoking.TheTearsofABirdv1Describethecartoonanddeducethepurposeofthedrawerofthepicture;v2Statetheharmfuleffectsofthephenomenon;v3Givesuggestionsastohowtosolvetheproblem.vAscanbeclearlyseenfromthecartoon,abirdissittingonthetopofahugeax,withtearsstreamingfromitseyes.Becauseallthetreesarecutdown,thebirdwillhavenohabitat.Thecartoonconveysthemeaningthatitisurgenttopreservethewoodsforthebirdsandprotecttheenvironmentforhumanbeings.Thecuttingoftrees,aswellasthedestructionofourenvironment,mayleadtoseveralharmsasfollows.Inthefirstplace,thetreesprovideuswithmanyvitalthingswehumansneed,suchasoxygen,food,shelterandsoon.Theanimals,suchasthebirdinthepicture,alsoneedthetrees.Inthesecondplace,iftreesarecutdown,thentherewillbenothingtoretaintherainwater,thusfloodswillhappenmoreofteninthefuture.Lastbutnotleast,thereisonlyoneearth.Iftheenvironmentisdestroyed,thenwewillhavenoplacetolivein.Sincethisphenomenoncausessomanyharmfuleffects,wehavetocomeupwithsomemeasurestodealwithit.Firstofall,theauthoritiesshouldadoptthepolicyof“sustainabledevelopment”,justasourgovernmenthasbeendoing.Whatsmore,everycitizenshouldrealizetheseriousnessoftheproblemandmakeconcertedeffortstoprotectourenvironment.LovevAmong all the worthy feelings of mankind,love is probably the noblest,but everyone has his/her understanding of it.vThere has been a discussion recently on the issue in a newspaper.Write an essay to the newspaper tov1 show your understanding of the symbolic meaning of the picture below,v2 give a specific example,andv3 give your suggestion as to the vbest way to show love.vItisgenerallybelievedthatloveisahottopicwhichismosttalkedabout.ThisistruenotonlyinChinabutalsoinothercountries.Loveisoftheutmostimportancetothehumanbeings.Asisdescribedinthepicture,“loveisalampwhichisbrighterindarkerplaces.”Thisisindeedtrue.Peopleindarkerplacesneedmorelightthanordinarypeople.vTakemyneighborasanexample.Therearethreemembersintheirfamilyandthetwoadultswerelaidofflastyear.Theonlychildwillhavetodropoutofschoolnextsemester.Inordertohelpthem,Idonatedallmymoney300yuantopaythetuition.AndIplantocallonotherstodonatemoremoney.ThoughIcannotdoalot,Ihavegivenlovewhichislikealampinadarkplacewherelightismostneeded.vSotosumup,weshouldofferourhelptoallwhoareinneed.Weexpecttogetlovefromothersandwealsogivelovetoothers.Ibelievethattherelationshipbetweenpeoplewillbeharmoniousandoursocietywillbeabetterplaceforustolivein.back对比论述型对比论述型v此类作文多为提纲式作文，议论文体裁。此类作文多为提纲式作文，议论文体裁。v通过论述相反的两个观点，或分析评论某一社会通过论述相反的两个观点，或分析评论某一社会 现象的优缺点，现象的优缺点，v然后给出自己的见解和看法，是四级考试写作中然后给出自己的见解和看法，是四级考试写作中 最常见的作文形式。最常见的作文形式。e.g.Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary?（2000.6）1.很多人认为有必要举行英语口语考试，理由是很多人认为有必要举行英语口语考试，理由是2.也有人持不同的意见，也有人持不同的意见，3.我的看法和打算我的看法和打算backvv套用格式套用格式套用格式套用格式（1）Different attitudes towards the object or the issue（2）Its advantages or one sides opinion Point 1 Point 2Point 3 Its disadvantages or the other sides opinion Point 1 Point 2 Point 3（3)The authors attitude towards it(balanced view or suggestion)v对比论述型模板一对比论述型模板一(1)When it comes to _,peoples opinions differ.(2)Many people believe that _.(3)For one thing,_4)For another,_.(5)Some people,however,take a different attitude.(6)They regard _.(7)In their views,_.(8)Furthermore,_.(9)As far as I am concerned,_.(10)On the one hand,_.(11)On the other hand,_.(12)So _.填充内容填充内容填充内容填充内容（1）文章主题）文章主题（2）一些人的观点）一些人的观点（3）理由一）理由一（4）理由二）理由二（5）另一些人反对）另一些人反对（6）另一些人的观点）另一些人的观点（7）理由一）理由一（8）理由二）理由二（9）作者自己的观点、）作者自己的观点、看法看法（10）论点一）论点一（11）论点二）论点二（12）总结上文）总结上文Sample:Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary?（2000.6）1.很多人认为有必要举行英语口语考试，理由是很多人认为有必要举行英语口语考试，理由是2.也有人持不同的意见，也有人持不同的意见，3.我的看法和打算我的看法和打算 samplevv对比论述型模板二对比论述型模板二对比论述型模板二对比论述型模板二 （1）When it comes tothetestofspokenEnglish,peoples opinions differ.（2）Many people believe thatitisnecessarytoadoptsuchatest.（3）For one thing,fluentspeakingabilityisbadlyneededintodayssocietythatisexperiencingreformandopening-up.（4）For another,inamorecompetitivesocietysuchasourstoday,fluentspokenEnglishmeansmoreadvantageyouhavetobeatyourrivalincompetingforapositionwithmuchappealtobothofyou.（5）Some people,however,take a different attitude.（6）They regardthetestasbeingunnecessary.（7）In their views,fluentspokenEnglishdoesnotnecessarilymeanabetterjob;sometimes,opportunityplaysamoreimportantrole.（8）Furthermore,manypeopledonotusespokenEnglishatallintheirwork.（9）As far as I am concerned,Iamreallyinfavorofthetest.（10）On the one hand,itcanencouragecollegestudentstotryeverymeanstoimprovetheirspokenEnglish.（11）On the other hand,collegestudentswillbenefitendlesslyintheirfuturecareeriftheycanspeakfluentEnglish.（12）SoIdecidetomakeuseofeveryopportunitytopracticemyspokenEnglish,andsurelyitwilldomemuch（1）Whenasked_,peoplehavedifferentopinions.(2)Manypeoplebelievethat_.(3)Ontheonehand,_.(4)Ontheotherhand,_.(5)Allthesepointtotheindispensabilityof_.(6)However,otherclaimthat_.(7)Asfarastheyareconcerned,_.(8)Moreover,_.（9）Asforme,_，(10)because_.(11)Whatsmore,_.(12)Therefore_对比论述模板三对比论述模板三对比论述模板三对比论述模板三 对比论述模板四对比论述模板四对比论述模板四对比论述模板四（1）Thereisnoconsensusofopinionamongpeopleasto_.(2)Somepeoplewhoareinfavoroftheideaof_holdthat_.(3)Foronething,_.(4)Foranother,_.(5)Therefore,_(6)However,thosewhoinsiston_arguethat_.(7)Intheiropinion,_.(8)Inaddition,9）Thus,_.(10)Inmyviewpoint,_.(11)Thatistosay,_.(12)Inaword,_(1)Thereisaheateddebateover_.(2)Itiscommonlyacceptedthat_.(3)Incontrast,othersthink_.(4)Thosewhoholdthefirstopinionsuggestthat_.(5)Intheirviews,_.(6)However,othersthink_.(7)Theyarguethat_.(8)Consideringoneafteranother,Istandonthesideof_.9)Firstofall,_.(10)Furthermore,_.(11)Thirdly,_.(12)Therefore,_.Nowadaysmanypeopleprefer _(主题)becauseitplaysasignificantroleinourdailylife.Generally,itsadvantagescanbeseenasfollows.Ononehand,_(主题的优点1).On theotherhand _(主题的优点2).However，every coin has its two sides.Thenegativeaspectsarealsoapparent/evident.Oneoftheimportantdisadvantagesisthat _(主题的缺点1).Tomakemattersworse,_(主题的缺点2).Throughtheaboveanalysis,Ibelievethatthepositiveaspectsfar outweighitsnegativeaspects.Whatever effects it has,itiscertainthat_(主题)itselfisneithergoodnorbad.Itistheeffectstowhichitisputthatdetermineitsvaluetooursociety.对比论述对比论述-利弊型利弊型back问题解决型v问题解决型作文通常首先提出一个有待解决的问题，然后要求考生就该问题提出解决方法、途径，有时还要求考生最后谈论适合自己的方法。这种题型常见的结构模式是：第一段：导言。描述现状、困难，提出问题。第二段：方法。列举说明处理某事的方法或解决某个问题的途径。第三段：评价、建议或个人选择。针对第二段所阐述的方法给予简要的评论，也可提出个人建议或选择，并简述理由。v本题型的写作重点在How,即解决办法。即解决办法。引出问题引出问题分析分析/解决问题解决问题总结归纳总结归纳backv真题实战真题实战How to Succeed in a Job Interview?(2001.1)Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition of the topic How to Succeed in a Job Interview?You should write at least 120 words,and base your composition on the outline(given in Chinese)below.1.面试在求职中的作用面试在求职中的作用2.取得面试成功的因素：仪表、举止、谈吐、能力、专业知取得面试成功的因素：仪表、举止、谈吐、能力专业知识、自信、实事求是识、自信、实事求是问题解决型 范文欣赏范文欣赏 With the development ofourmodernsociety,theinterviewisbecomingmoreandmoreimportantinjob-hunting.So it is of great importance for us tomasterskillsoninterview.On the one hand,ifajobseekercanleaveagoodimpressiononthemindoftheinterviewer,hemaybeluckyenoughtogetthejobcompetedforbymanyapplicants.On the other hand,ifthejobhuntergivesapoorperformanceduringtheinterview,heisunlikelytostandachance.Tobesuccessfulinajobinterview,we have figured out many ways tomakeanexcellentperformanceinaninterview.First,theapplicantoughttopayattentiontohisappearanceandmannerofspeaking.Second,heissupposedtodisplayhisability.Finally,areallyimpressivejobseekermustconveyasenseofself-confidence.In a word,iftheintervieweedisplaysthesecharacteristicsandpresentshismostattractivequalitiesduringtheinterview,theinterviewermightmakeanon-the-spotdecisiontotakehimon.To sum up,thejobinterviewisindeedimportant.It is high time for us topayattentiontotheskills.Therefore,iftheintervieweehasmadefullpreparationsforitandgivenafairlyconfidentandhonestperformance,hisorhersuccesscanbeensured.对比选择型How to Succeed in a Job Interview?Currently,greatimportancehasbeenattachedtointerviewsbyboththeemploy