高三英语二轮复习第3模块阅读理解专题五文化型阅读理解大纲版.pptx

2012届高三英语二轮复习精品课件：第3模块-阅读理解-专题五文化型阅读理解-大纲版专题五专题五 文化型阅读理解文化型阅读理解 专题专题五五文化型阅读理解文化型阅读理解专题五专题五 专题导读专题导读 文文化化类类阅阅读读理理解解文文章章属属高高考考常常选选材材料料之之一一。这这类类文文章章常常涉涉及及文文化化、教教育育、法法制制、宗宗教教等等方方面面的的文文学学艺艺术术、发发明明创创造造、文文化化遗遗产产保保护护、宗宗教教与与文文化化、风风俗俗与与习习惯惯、道道德德与与法法制制、中中外外文文学学名名著著节节选选、各各国国学学校校教教育育、家家庭庭教教育育等等等等。这这类类材材料料的的命命题题点点往往往往落落在在主主旨旨大大意意题题、事事实实细细节节题题上上。在在做做这这类类阅读理解题时，阅读理解题时，应注意以下几个方面：应注意以下几个方面：专题导读专题导读专题五专题五 专题导读专题导读 1.先先题题后后文文。先先读读题题目目，再再带带着着问问题题读读文文章章。这这类类阅阅读读理理解解文文章章相相对对来来说说事事实实细细节节题题稍稍多多一一点点，如如果果带带着着问问题题读文章，读文章，有利于我们抓细节。有利于我们抓细节。2.先先做做细细节节题题。因因为为做做完完了了局局部部性性的的事事实实细细节节题题后后，自自然然会会加加深深我我们们对对文文章章的的理理解解，这这样样更更有有利利于于做做主主旨旨大大意意题。题。3.重重点点敲敲定定主主旨旨题题。主主旨旨大大意意题题提提问问的的形形式式主主要要有有两两大类：一类是大类：一类是Main idea型；一类是型；一类是Topic或或Title型。型。专题五专题五 真题典例真题典例 2011全国卷全国卷 The way we do things round here Some years ago，I was hired by an American bank.I received a letter from the head of the Personnel Department that started，“Dear John,I am quite pleased that you have decided to join us.”That“quite”saddened me.I thought he was saying“were kind of pleased you decided to join us 真题典例真题典例专题五专题五 真题典例真题典例although I wish we had hired someone else.”Then I discovered that in American English“quite”sometimes means“very”，while in British English it means“fairly”So the first lesson about working in other countries is to learn the language and by that I dont just mean the words people speak.It is body language，dress，manners，ideas and so on.The way people do things highlights many of the differences we see between cultures(文化文化)专题五专题五 真题典例真题典例 Some of these differences may be only on the surfacedress，food and hours of workwhile others may be deeper and take longer to deal with.Mostly，it is just a question of getting used to the differences and accepting them，like the climate(气气候候)，while getting on with business.Some of the differences may be an improvement.People are more polite；the service is better；you ask for something to be done and it happens without having to ask again.However，other differences can be troubling，like专题五专题五 真题典例真题典例punctuality(准准时时)If you invite people to a party at 7 oclock your guests will consider it polite to turn up exactly on time in Germany，five minutes early in the American Midwest，an hour early in Japan,15 minutes afterwards in the UK，up to an hour afterwards in Italy and some time in the evening in Greece.I prefer not to use the word“late”because there is nothing wrong with the times people arrive.It is simply the accepted thing to do in their own country.专题五专题五 真题典例真题典例 【要要点点综综述述】作作者者以以自自己己在在美美国国的的一一次次找找工工作作的的经经历历，说明了在国外工作了解外国文化差异的重要性。说明了在国外工作了解外国文化差异的重要性。专题五专题五 真题典例真题典例 ()1.The author was unhappy as mentioned in Paragraph 1 because he thought_.Athe American bank didnt think much of him Bthe American bank might hire another person Cits difficult to get used to American culture Dits easy to misunderstand Americans专题五专题五 真题典例真题典例 【解解析析】A细细节节理理解解题题。根根据据第第一一段段的的第第三三句句话话That“quite”saddened me.和和第第四四句句话话I thought he was saying“were kind of pleased you decided to join us although I wish we had hired someone else.”可可知知是是A。结结合合下下面面的的解解释释American English“quite”的的意意思思，可可知知B“这这家家银银行行打打算算雇雇用用另另外外一一个个人人”错错误误。C“难难以以习习惯惯美美国国文文化化”和和D“容容易易误解美国人误解美国人”与事实不符。与事实不符。专题五专题五 真题典例真题典例 ()2.The word“highlights”in Paragraph 2 probably means_.Aencourages Bhelps to narrow Cincreases Ddraws attention to 【解解析析】2D词词义义猜猜测测题题。从从第第二二段段的的最最后后一一句句话话画画线线部部分分前前面面的的The way people do things和和后后面面的的many of the differences we see between cultures可可 知知 这这 里里 的的highlights是是“吸吸引引注注意意力力”的的意意思思。A项项意意为为“鼓鼓励励”，B项意为项意为“帮助缩小帮助缩小”，C项意为项意为“增加增加”，与语境不符。，与语境不符。专题五专题五 真题典例真题典例 ()3.According to the author，what should we do with most cultural differences?AAsk the native people for help.BUnderstand and accept them.CDo things in our own way.DDo in depth research.【解解析析】3B细细节节理理解解题题。从从第第三三段段的的第第二二句句话话Mostly，it is just a question of getting used to the differences and accepting them可知是可知是B。专题五专题五 真题典例真题典例 ()4.When invited to a party the people who are usually punctual are_.AItalians BGermans CGreeks Dthe British 【解解析析】4B细细节节理理解解题题。根根据据最最后后一一段段的的第第四四句句话话your guests will consider it polite to turn up exactly on time in Germany以以及及后后面面给给出出的的各各个个国国家家的的例例子子，可可知知是是德国人最守时。德国人最守时。专题五专题五 新题预测新题预测 (一一)Over the years Ive been teaching kids about a simple but powerful spiritthe ant philosophy(哲哲 学学).I think everybody should study ants.Ants have an amazing four part philosophy,and here is the first part：they never quit.Thats a good philosophy.If theyre headed somewhere and you try to stop them,theyll look for another way.Theyll climb over，theyll climb 新题预测新题预测专题五专题五 新题预测新题预测under,and theyll climb around.They keep looking for another way.What a neat philosophy,to never quit looking for a way to get where theyre supposed to go.Second,ants think winter all summer.Thats an important perspective(态态度度，观观点点).You cant be so naive(无无知知的的)as to think summer will last forever.So ants are gathering in their winter food in the middle of summer.An ancient story says,“Dont build your house on the sand in专题五专题五 新题预测新题预测summer.”It is important to think ahead.In summer,you have to think about the storm.You have to think about rocks as you enjoy the sand and sun.The third part of the ant philosophy is that ants think summer all winter.That is so important.During the winter,ants remind themselves,“This wont last long；well soon be out of here.”And on the first warm day,the ants are out.If it turns cold again,theyll go back,but then they come out again if it is warm.They cant wait to get out.专题五专题五 新题预测新题预测 And here is the last part of the ant philosophy.How much will an ant gather during the summer to prepare for the winter?All that he possibly can.What an incredible(难难以以置置信信的的)philosophy,the“all that you possibly can”philosophy.What a great ant philosophy!Never give up,look ahead,stay active and do all you can.专题五专题五 新题预测新题预测 ()1.If ants have trouble reaching somewhere,they will _.Agive up their effort at last Blook for others help C.wait for a chance to come Dget there in another way 【解解析析】D细细节节理理解解题题。根根据据第第二二段段的的“If theyre headed somewhere and you try to stop them,theyll look for another way.”可可知知，它它们们会会寻寻找找其其他他方方法法到到达达它它们们想想去的地方。去的地方。专题五专题五 新题预测新题预测 ()2.In Paragraph 3,people are advised _.Ato build their houses in winter Bto gather some food in winter Cto build the house on the sand in summer Dto think about the storm in summer 【解解析析】2D 推推理理判判断断题题。根根据据第第三三段段的的“In summer,you have to think about the storm.”可以确定答案。可以确定答案。专题五专题五 新题预测新题预测 ()3.The third part of the ant philosophy is_.Amore important than the other three Bto believe in yourself and think about no difficulty Cto be active and make use of every opportunity Dthat we should know winter is longer than summer 【解解析析】3C细细节节理理解解题题。第第四四段段中中的的“During the winter，ants remind themselves，They cant wait to get out.”，以以及及作作者者在在最最后后一一段段中中所所概概括括的的“stay active”，表明蚂蚁有积极进取的精神。，表明蚂蚁有积极进取的精神。专题五专题五 新题预测新题预测 ()4.Which of the following shows the“all that you possibly can”philosophy?AWe should try our best to do what we can.BOne should think of what will happen in the future.COne should get more pay for what he has done.DWe should spend more time doing our work.【解解析析】4A细细节节理理解解题题。根根据据最最后后一一段段第第二二句句的的“How much will an ant gather during the summer to prepare for the winter?All that he possibly can.”可知答案。可知答案。专题五专题五 新题预测新题预测 (二二)Once,many years ago,I pulled a family out of a burning car somewhere in Wyoming.Last week I received a telephone call from a woman who could not stop crying as she told me that one of my stories had saved her son from committing suicide.In closing she called me a hero.That got me thinking about what a hero is.Was I a hero because I pulled a family from a burning car?If so,how could I be a hero just because I wrote a story that saved someones life?专题五专题五 新题预测新题预测 Today I decided to look up the word“hero”in the dictionary to see exactly what it meant.It read“a person who does something brave”and also“a person who is good and noble”That statement impressed me more than the part about being brave.So I thought about something very important.And I remembered what happened to me years ago.专题五专题五 新题预测新题预测 After my marriage of twenty years ended,I was in such a condition.I was within hours trying to get up enough courage to end the pain and misery.When I returned home,someone had sent me a card in the mail which told me how much they would appreciate me as a friend.That wonderful card probably saved my life.That person,without even knowing_ it,_ saved a life and became a hero.专题五专题五 新题预测新题预测 Many stories I kept writing in the following years saved the life of a teenage boy.In turn that makes the person who sent me the card a double hero.I suppose that is why I fight so hard to help the children now living in orphanages(孤孤儿儿院院).Most children come out of these institutions with a very hard and bitter attitude against the world.The gifts we send them let them know that they have not been forgotten.Hopefully,most of them will never hurt anyone because of the kindness shown to them by those of us who cared.If it works,we will also become“heroes”专题五专题五 新题预测新题预测 ()1.The main idea of the passage is _.Awhy the writer should be a hero Bwhat a hero exactly is Cwhether the writer is a hero Dthat everyone is a hero 【解解析析】B主主旨旨大大意意题题。从从第第二二段段的的开开头头“That got me thinking about what a hero is”到到结结束束，作作者者都都围围绕绕着着“什么是英雄什么是英雄”这个话题，因此主旨大意应该是这个话题，因此主旨大意应该是B。专题五专题五 新题预测新题预测 ()2.Why did the woman call the writer a hero at the end of the call?ABecause his story saved her sons life.BBecause he saved a family from a burning car.CBecause he asked her son not to kill himself.DBecause he was cute and kind to everybody.专题五专题五 新题预测新题预测 【解解析析】2A细细节节理理解解题题。根根据据第第一一段段的的“Last week I received a telephone call from a woman who could not stop crying as she told me that one of my stories had saved her son from committing suicide.In closing she called me a hero.”可可知知女女士士感感激激作作者者是是因因为为他他的的故故事事阻阻止止了了她她儿儿子自杀，故可知答案。子自杀，故可知答案。专题五专题五 新题预测新题预测 ()3.What does the underlined word“it”in the last sentence of Paragraph 5 refer to?AThe wonderful card the writer received.BThe action of sending the card.CThe fact that the sender helped the writer.DThe fact that the sender was a friend of the writer.【解解析析】3C词词义义猜猜测测题题。根根据据上上文文那那个个美美好好的的卡卡片片救救了了作作者者的的命命，尽尽管管送送卡卡片片的的人人没没有有意意识识到到这这一一点点可可知知，it应该指代送卡片的人使作者获救这件事。所以选应该指代送卡片的人使作者获救这件事。所以选C。专题五专题五 新题预测新题预测 ()4.According to the writer,who can be considered as a hero?AA person who is brave.BA person who writes wonderful stories.CA person who can hold a door for others.DA person who helps someone in trouble.【解解析析】4D推推理理判判断断题题。根根据据作作者者对对hero的的解解释释，见见义义勇勇为为的的人人是是英英雄雄，帮帮助助那那些些需需要要帮帮助助的的人人也也是是一一种种英英雄，因此只有雄，因此只有D符合条件。符合条件。