green-electricity-绿色能源.pptx

Green electricitySustainable Energy StarEnergy Star Smart-grid Smart-gridContentsContentsA brief introductionA brief introductionEnergy efficiency Energy efficiency Sustainable energy researchSustainable energy research1 12 23 34 IntroductionIntroduction Sustainable energy(or green electricity)is the sustainable provision of energy that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs.可持续能源可持续能源 是可持续的能源供应，以满足目是可持续的能源供应，以满足目前的需求，又不损害未来后代满足他们的需求的前的需求，又不损害未来后代满足他们的需求的能力。促进可持续能源的技术，包括可再生能源，能力。促进可持续能源的技术，包括可再生能源，如水电，太阳能，风能，波浪能，地热能，潮汐如水电，太阳能，风能，波浪能，地热能，潮汐能，同时也包括设计为提高能源利用效率的技术。能，同时也包括设计为提高能源利用效率的技术。 Effectively,the provision of energy such that it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their ownneeds.Sustainable Energy has two key components:renewable energy and energy efficiency.Renewable Energy and Efficiency Partnership(British)“实际上，提供能源上，提供能源满足足现在的需求，而又不在的需求，而又不损害未来后害未来后代代满足他足他们自己的需要的能力。自己的需要的能力。.-可持可持续能源有两个能源有两个主要主要组成部分：可再生能源和能源效率。成部分：可再生能源和能源效率。”-可再生能源可再生能源效率伙伴关系效率伙伴关系计划（英国）划（英国）Energy which is replenishable（可（可补充的）充的）within a human lifetime and causes no long-term damage to the environment.Jamaica Sustainable Development Network“能源是在一个人的一生期能源是在一个人的一生期间是可是可补充的，并不会造成充的，并不会造成长期的期的对环境的破坏。境的破坏。”-“牙牙买加可持加可持续发展网展网络”Energy efficiency and renewable energyEnergy efficiency and renewable energy Renewable energy and energy efficiency are sometimes said to be the“twin pillars”of sustainable energy policy.Both resources must be developed in order to stabilize and reduce carbon dioxide emissions.Efficiency slows down energy demand growth so that rising clean energy supplies can make deep cuts in fossil fuel use.If energy use grows too fast,renewable energy development will chase a receding target.Likewise,unless clean energy supplies come on line（投入运行）（投入运行）rapidly,slowing demand growth will only begin to reduce total emissions;reducing the carbon content of energy sources is also needed.Any serious vision of a sustainable energy economy thus requires commitments to both renewables and Energy StarEnergy Star Energy Star is a company provides energy efficiency products for individuals or businesses.It is originated in the USA,but now it becomes an international standard energy efficiency provider.If you see the Energy Star label on a laptop or printer,that means the product is in the Energy Star program which is aiming at helping customers to save money and reduce green house Smart-grid technologySmart-grid technologySmart grid refers to a class of technology people are using to bring utility（实用）（实用）electricity delivery systems into the 21st century,using computer-based remote control and automation.These systems are made possible by two-way communication technology and computer processing that has been used for decades in other Green EnergyGreen EnergyGreen power is a subset（子集）（子集）of renewable energy and represents those renewable energy resources and technologies that provide the highest environmental benefit.TheU.S.Environmental Protection Agency defines green power as electricity produced from solar biogas（沼气）geothermalhydroelectricitywindso on SolarSolar The primary obstacle that is preventing the large scale implementation of solar powered energy generation is the inefficiency of current solar technology.At this rate,many experts believe that solar energy is not efficient enough to be economically sustainable given the cost to produce the panels（镶嵌板）（镶嵌板）MITs Solar House#1 built in 1939 used seasonal thermal energy storage(STES)for year round heating A solar trough array is an example of green energy WindWind Wind energy research dates back several decades to the 1970s when NASA developed an analytical model to predict wind turbine（涡轮）power generation during high winds.Today,both Sandia National Laboratories and National Renewable Energy Laboratoryhave programs dedicated to wind research.A wind farm is a group of wind turbines in the same location used to produce electric power.A large wind farm may consist of several hundred individual wind turbines,and cover an extended area of hundreds of square miles,but the land between the turbines may be used for agricultural or other purposes.A wind farm may also be located A 01 KiloWatt Micro Windmill for Domestic Usage5 Kilowatt Vertical axis windturbine by Green EcoSys&Electron Solar EEthanol biofuelsEthanol biofuels（乙醇生物燃料）（乙醇生物燃料）（乙醇生物燃料）（乙醇生物燃料）The largest single use of ethanol is as a motor fuel and fuel additive.More than any other major country,Brazil relies on ethanol as a motor fuel.Gasoline sold in Brazil contains at least 25%anhydrous（无水的）（无水的）ethanol.Hydrous ethanol(about 95%ethanol and 5%water)can be used as fuel in more than 90%of new cars sold in the country.Brazilian ethanol is produced from sugar cane and noted for high carbon sequestration（隔（隔离）离）.The US uses Gasohol(max 10%ethanol)and E85(85%ethanol)ethanol/gasoline GGeothermalGeothermal Geothermal energy is produced by tapping into the thermal energy created and stored within the earth.It is considered sustainable because that thermal energy is constantly replenished.However,the science of geothermal energy generation is still young and developing economic viability.Several entities,such as the National Renewable Energy Laboratory and Sandia National Laboratories are conducting research toward the goal of establishing a proven science around geothermal HydroHydroelectricityelectricity Hydroelectricity is the term referring to electricity generated by hydropower;the production of electrical power through the use of the gravitational force of falling or flowing water.It is the most widely used form of renewable energy,accounting for 16 percent of global electricity