单项选择解题技巧课件省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

第1页 众所周知，英语试卷中单项选择这一题型众所周知，英语试卷中单项选择这一题型考查知识面广，需要学生有考查知识面广，需要学生有扎实语法知识扎实语法知识、丰丰富词汇使用方法积累富词汇使用方法积累和和结合语境灵活利用语言结合语境灵活利用语言能力能力，所以，不少学生感觉此项内容在考试中，所以，不少学生感觉此项内容在考试中不易得分。在这里，我想给同学们简单地介绍不易得分。在这里，我想给同学们简单地介绍 几几 个做题时小窍门，或许能帮助大家提升选择个做题时小窍门，或许能帮助大家提升选择准确率。准确率。第2页单 项 填 空 题命题特征命题伎俩解题技巧命题关键点专题练习第3页单单 项项 填填 空空 命命 题题 特特 征征知识覆盖面广知识覆盖面广语境地位突出语境地位突出交际性标准明确交际性标准明确试题题干新奇试题题干新奇迷惑性较大迷惑性较大灵活性较高灵活性较高第4页连词、代词连词、代词形容词、副词形容词、副词 介词搭配介词搭配 惯用短语惯用短语短语动词短语动词情态动词情态动词 动词语态动词语态句子结构句子结构 动词时态动词时态非谓语动词非谓语动词第5页1.增（增加插入语、同位语、定语从句、形容词/副词/介词短语/分词短语等修饰语）简化法/删除法2.省（省略句子成份）补全法3.3.变（改变句子正常语序）还原法4.惑（利用标点符号、连词有没有、相同句型来设置干扰语境来迷惑学生）句子结构/语境分析法命命题惯题惯用伎用伎俩俩及技巧及技巧第6页单项选择解题技巧单项选择解题技巧3 3、还原法、还原法（把句子还原成正常语序把句子还原成正常语序）1 1、简化法、简化法/删除法删除法（删除修饰成份，删除修饰成份，简化句子）简化句子）2 2、补全法、补全法（把省略成份补上去，把省略成份补上去，使句子完整）使句子完整）4 4、句子结构、句子结构/语境分析法语境分析法（仔细分仔细分析句子结构，区分相同句型，结合析句子结构，区分相同句型，结合基础语言知识和详细语境解题）基础语言知识和详细语境解题）第7页解题技巧一：简化解题技巧一：简化法法/删除法删除法增增:增加插入语、定语从句/同位语 从句、形容词/副词/介词短语/分 词短语等修饰语技巧技巧：简化法/删除法，即删除修饰 成份，简化句子。第8页1.If you send her a bunch of roses on St.Valentines Day,will please her very much.A.which I think B.I think which C.what I think D.I think that析：选D。因为插入语 I think影响，学生把后一分句看作是定语从句，易选A，此分句为条件状语从句主句，that 在主句中作主语。第9页2.As the life they were used to changed by terrible earthquake,the people in the earthquake-stricken area are doing all they can their new life.A.have now been,build B.having now been,to buildC.has now been,to build D.is now,build 析：选C。they were used to 与they can 为定语从句，可删除进行简化 第10页3.He suggested the problem worth paying attention at the meeting.A.to be discussed B.to been discussed C.being discussed D.be discussed析：选A。worth paying attention(to)为修饰成份，可删除，句子简化为：He suggested the problem at the meeting.Suggest引导宾语从句用(should)动词原形。第11页 1.Dorothywasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,_，ofcourse,madetheothersunhappy.(插入语插入语)A.whoB.whichC.thisD.whatB分析：分析：Dorothywasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,_（ofcourse,）madetheothersunhappy.A.whoB.whichC.thisD.what第12页2.The person we spoke to _no answer at first.（定从）（定从）A.makeB.making C.makes D.madeD分析：分析：The person（we spoke to）_ no answer at first.第13页3.Theofficergaveordersthatanyone_agunshouldbereportedtothepolicestation.AsawtakeB.seentakingC.seeingtakeD.seentakenB第14页解题技巧二：补全法解题技巧二：补全法省：省：省略句子成份技巧技巧：补全法，即把省略成份补 上去，使句子完整 第15页4.Will you go to the park now Not until I my physics exercises.A.will finish B.have finished C.will have finished D.had finished析：选B。原句补全为：I wont go to the park until I my physics exercises.until 引导状语从句用现在时表未来。第16页 5.When the English Standards of Japanese and Chinese students,the foreigner kept silent.A.asking to compare with B.asking to be compared C.asked to compare D.asked him to compare析：选C。原句补全为：When(he was asked to compared)the English,the foreigner。When引导时间状语从句，其主语与句子主语一致且含有be 动词，主语与be 动词可省略。第17页6.When you met her for the first time?It was in she came to the city on business.A.it was that,that B.was it that,when C.it was that,when D.was it that,that析：选B。第一空为强调句型，第二空为when 引导定语从句，此句为省略句，可还原为：It was in she came to the city on business（that I met her for the first time.）第18页解题技巧三：还原法解题技巧三：还原法变变：改变句子正常语序 技巧：技巧：还原法，即把句子还原成正常语序。第19页7.The time is approaching we will have to leave the lonely island.A.if B.whether C.that D.when 析：选D。the time 和它定语从句被is approaching隔离。第20页8.Havent you learned of the advantage you should others weak points in order to win the match?A.make on B.make of C.take of D.take on 析：选C。还原为：you should take(the advantage of)others weak points第21页9.The news got about the lady was going to sell her land,and the keeper of the inn on the high road was bargaining for it.A.which,which B.which,that C.that,which D.that,that析：选D。the news 有两个同位语从句。第22页还原法还原法1.将将疑问句疑问句还原成还原成陈说句陈说句2.将将感叹句感叹句还原成还原成陈说句陈说句3.将将倒装句倒装句还原成还原成正常语序正常语序5.将将强调句强调句还原成还原成普通句式普通句式6.将将被动语态被动语态还原成还原成主动语态主动语态 7.将将定语从句定语从句还原成还原成先行词代入从句先行词代入从句4.将将省略句省略句还原成还原成完整句子完整句子解题技巧三：还原法解题技巧三：还原法第23页1.Is this factory _ you visited the other day？A.the one B.that C.where D.when1.将疑问句还原成陈说句将疑问句还原成陈说句 This factory is _ you visited the other day the oneA第24页2.Whodidtheteacherhad_thearticle？A.writtenB.writeC.towriteD.writing1.将疑问句还原成陈说句将疑问句还原成陈说句 Theteacherhadwho_thearticle.havesb.dosthwriteB第25页2.将感叹句还原成陈说句将感叹句还原成陈说句 3._whattheysaidsounded!A.HowfoolishlyB.HowfoolishC.WhatfoolishlyD.Whatfoolish Whattheysaidsounded_.foolishB第26页3.将倒装句还原成正常语序将倒装句还原成正常语序 4.Toallofyou_thehonorforthesuccess.A.belongstoB.belongtoC.belongsD.belongThehonorforthesuccess_toallofyou.belongsC第27页4.将省略句还原成完整句子将省略句还原成完整句子 5.-DoyouhaveanyideawhatPauldoesallday?-AsIknow,hespendsatleastasmuchtimeplayingashe_.（，重庆，（，重庆，32）A.writesB.doeswritingC.iswritingD.doeswritehespendsatleastasmuchtime(in)playingashespends(in)writing.B第28页4.将省略句还原成完整句子将省略句还原成完整句子 6.Wouldyoupleasepointoutthemistakesinmycomposition,if_A.anyB.noneC.someD.anythingWouldyoupleasepointoutthemistakesinmycomposition,iftherearemistakes.anyA第29页5.将强调句还原成普通句式将强调句还原成普通句式 7.Itwas_theoldclockthattheoldmanspentthewholemorningathome.A.repairedB.repairingC.torepairD.inrepairTheoldmanspentthewholemorning_theoldclockathome.repairingB第30页6.将被动语态还原成主动语态将被动语态还原成主动语态 8.CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered_thefirstcomputer.A.toinventB.tohaveinventedC.inventingD.havinginventedWegenerallyconsideredCharlesBabbage_thefirstcomputer.considersbtodosth.B.tohaveinvented你记住你记住了吗？了吗？第31页 7.将将定语从句定语从句还原成还原成先行词代入从句先行词代入从句9.The managers were discussing the plan which they all wanted to see _ out that month.A.carried B.to carry C.carrying D.carrythey all wanted to see the plan carried out that month.see sth.doneA第32页解题技巧四：解题技巧四：句子结构句子结构/语境分析法语境分析法惑惑：利用标点符号、连词有没有、相同句型来设置干扰语境来迷惑学生）技巧：即仔细分析句子结构，区分相同句型，结合基础语言知识和详细语境解题。第33页10.They believe that the spirits are with the body of the dead person for three days;theres always someone to stay with the dead person.A.during which time B.during which C.during when D.during this time析：选D。学生没看清句子中分号，易错选为A。第34页11._ an expert in psychology,so he got a well-paid job in a foreign-founded firm.A.He was B.Being C.As D.Having been 析：选A。学生易错选为B或C，没注意 so。第35页12.is well-known to us is most of the families have only one child in our country,especially in cities.A.It,that B.As,what C.what,that D.As,that析：选C。学生把几个“众所周知”句型混同了：It is well-known that As is well-known,What is well-known is that We all know that As we know,第36页其它技巧：其它技巧：题干秘密题干秘密 在单项填空题题干中在单项填空题题干中,空格前后空格前后有时还有时还附加一些信息附加一些信息,这些信息有这些信息有是无关紧要是无关紧要,而有则对答案确定起而有则对答案确定起着决定性作用。答题时着决定性作用。答题时,切忌粗枝切忌粗枝大叶大叶,无视那些信息主要无视那些信息主要,而应该而应该瞻前顾后瞻前顾后,通盘考虑，从中看出他通盘考虑，从中看出他秘密所在，并得出准确答案。秘密所在，并得出准确答案。第37页题干秘密题干秘密Theyounggirlsittingnexttomeontheplanewasverynervous.She_before.（，广东，（，广东，32）A.hasntflownB.didnttflyC.hadntflownD.wasntflying从题干意义可知道应该用完成时态。从题干意义可知道应该用完成时态。washadntflown第38页课堂小试课堂小试-DidAlanenjoyseeinghisoldfriendsyesterday?（，重庆，（，重庆，33）-Yes,hedid.He_hisoldfriendsforalongtime.A.didntseeB.wouldntseeC.hasntseenD.hadntseen从时间状语从时间状语foralongtime可知道应该选择完成时态可知道应该选择完成时态D第39页“心理定势心理定势”干扰干扰 心理定势是指因为先前活动而造成一心理定势是指因为先前活动而造成一个心理准备或心理定向个心理准备或心理定向,它使人以比较它使人以比较固定方式进行认知或做出行为反应固定方式进行认知或做出行为反应.但但在在情况改变时在在情况改变时,定势则会妨碍人们找定势则会妨碍人们找到新方法去处理新问题到新方法去处理新问题.所以所以,我们必我们必须正确灵活地利用已经有认识和方法须正确灵活地利用已经有认识和方法去处理相同问题去处理相同问题,绝为可想当然绝为可想当然.不然不然,便会犯这么那样错误便会犯这么那样错误.第42页“心理定势心理定势”干扰干扰Hetransplantedthelittletreetothegarden_itwasthebesttimeforit.（，上海，（，上海，34）A.whereB.whenC.thatD.until本题很轻易误认为是本题很轻易误认为是wherewhere引导定语丛句，但若引导定语丛句，但若把把the garden the garden 代到代到it was the best time for it was the best time for it,it,中，会发觉句子不成立，所以不是定语丛句。中，会发觉句子不成立，所以不是定语丛句。B.when第43页“母语母语”干扰干扰 母语对英语现有促进母语对英语现有促进,也有干扰也有干扰,二二者之间在一些方面不一致现象是形者之间在一些方面不一致现象是形成干扰基本原因成干扰基本原因.答题时答题时,不能用不能用母语进行思维母语进行思维,不能从母语角度在不能从母语角度在英语中寻求对等规律英语中寻求对等规律.学会区分两学会区分两种语言在语言知识和社会文化方面种语言在语言知识和社会文化方面不一样之处不一样之处,并认真进行区分和对并认真进行区分和对比比,力争从对比中把握语言正确性力争从对比中把握语言正确性和得体性和得体性.第44页“母语母语”干扰干扰1.Idontthinkthepriceofgrain_thantenyearsago.A.moreB.moreexpensiveC.greaterD.higherD.higher2._isthenumberofgirlstudentsinyourschoolA.HowmanyB.HowmuchC.WhatD.HowC.What第45页第46页句型变换好处句型变换好处 1._thatMariewasabletosetupnewbrancheselsewhere.（陕西卷）（陕西卷）A.SosuccessfulherbusinesswasB.SosuccessfulwasherbusinessC.SoherbusinesswassuccessfulD.SowashersuccessfulbusinessB第47页句型变换好处句型变换好处2.Whomwouldyouratherhave_withyouthistime？A.togoB.goC.goneD.going 3.Howpleasedtheteacherwas_whatthestudentsaid!A.hearingB.heardC.hearD.tohear第48页4.Johnplaysfootball_,ifnotbetterthan,David.A.aswellB.aswellasC.sowellD.sowellas5.Never_shepraised_whatshedid.A.did,forB.did,ofC.was,forD.was,of第49页题干秘密题干秘密1、John,afriendofmine,gotmarriedandspent$3,000morethanhe_forthewedding.(全国全国II)A.willplanB.hasplannedC.wouldplanD.hadplanned2、-IsawDaveintheliftthismorning.-Really?He_aroundhereforalongtime.(青岛青岛)A.wontbeseenB.wasntseeC.hasntbeenseenD.hadntbeenseen 第50页“讨厌讨厌”定语从句定语从句1.Itwasinthelab_wastakenbyMr.Wang_theyfinishedtheexperimentsuccesfully.A.that,whereB.where,thatC.that,thatD.where,whichC第51页“心理定势心理定势”干扰干扰1.Iwillspendawholeevening_inyourroomwaitingforthethieftoarrive.A.lockingB.inlockingC.beinglockedD.locked2.Weforgottobringourtickets,butpleaseletusenter,_.(全国卷全国卷)A.doyouB.canweC.willyouD.shallweD第52页“母语母语”干扰干扰Imthinkingofthetesttomorrow.ImafraidIcantpassthistime.-_!Imsureyoullmakeit.(天津天津)A.GoaheadB.GoodluckC.NoproblemD.CheerupCanyoureadthesign,sir?Nosmokingallowedinthelift!_.（全国卷（全国卷）A.NevermindB.DontmentionitC.Sure,IdontsmokeD.Pardonme第53页Goodbye!第54页