过去分词作后置定语省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

The Past Participle as the Attribute第1页过去分词作定语，在语态上表被动；在过去分词作定语，在语态上表被动；在时间上表示动作已经发生或完成，与它时间上表示动作已经发生或完成，与它所修饰名词有逻辑（意义）上动宾关系。所修饰名词有逻辑（意义）上动宾关系。第2页1.过去分词作定语含义过去分词作定语含义a.及物动词过去分词，含有被动和完成意义及物动词过去分词，含有被动和完成意义a broken cupa wounded soldiera cup which is broken a soldier who was wounded第3页a grown womana retired officera woman who has growna officer who has retiredb.不及物动词过去分词，含有主动和完成不及物动词过去分词，含有主动和完成意义。意义。第4页B:Yes.And we had canned fish,smoked sausages,cakes made by our teacher and fresh apples picked from the orchard.We also played a lot of games there.B:Indeed,to our delight,we helped a lost boy to find his mother.单个单个过去分词作定语过去分词作定语时，位于它所修饰名时，位于它所修饰名词或代词词或代词前面前面；过去分词过去分词短语短语作定语作定语时，位于它所修饰名时，位于它所修饰名词或代词词或代词后面后面。单个过去分词单个过去分词过去分词短语过去分词短语2.过去分词作定语位置过去分词作定语位置第5页已升起太阳已升起太阳有组织旅行有组织旅行 a risen sunan organized trip第6页单个过去分词和形容词修饰单个过去分词和形容词修饰 something,everything,anything,nothing,somebody,nobody等等不定代词不定代词时时,也要放也要放在这些词在这些词后面后面。nothing reportedsomething importantsomething else第7页过去分词作定语作用相当于定语从句，二者能够转换过去分词作定语作用相当于定语从句，二者能够转换。a letter written in pencil the book borrowed by Jack=a letter which was written in pencil=the book which was borrowed by Jack3.过去分词作定语和定语从句转换过去分词作定语和定语从句转换第8页4.形容词性化过去分词作定语形容词性化过去分词作定语常见有：常见有：amazed,embarrassed,disappointed,excited,encouraged,bored,interested,tired,worried,surprised,satisfied,pleased,moved,frightened等。等。The _ children were opening their presents.A.excited B.exciting C.excite D.excitesexcited第9页过去分词与现在分词作定语过去分词与现在分词作定语1.语态不一样：现在分词表示主动，及物动词过语态不一样：现在分词表示主动，及物动词过去分词表示被动。去分词表示被动。an inspiring speech the inspired audience鼓舞人心演说鼓舞人心演说受到鼓舞观众受到鼓舞观众the falling leaves落叶（正往下落）落叶（正往下落）落叶（已经落到地面）落叶（已经落到地面）the fallen leaves第10页2 2.时间关系不一样：现在分词作定语，多表示时间关系不一样：现在分词作定语，多表示“动动作正在进行作正在进行”或或“与谓语同时进行与谓语同时进行”或或“经常性经常性”。过去分词作定语，则多表示分词动作过去分词作定语，则多表示分词动作“先于位于动词先于位于动词表示动作表示动作”或或“没有一定时间性没有一定时间性”Do you know the boy _(lie)under the big tree?He is a leader_(respect)by the people.lyingrespected第11页3.及物动词及物动词过去分词过去分词与与现在分词被动式现在分词被动式都能够表都能够表示示“被动被动”，但前者多表示一个完成了动作，而，但前者多表示一个完成了动作，而后者则表示一个正在进行动作后者则表示一个正在进行动作.the problem discussed yesterdaythe problem being discussed 已经发生，完成已经发生，完成正在发生正在发生第12页Recently a survey _ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.(江苏江苏)A.compared B.comparing C.compares D.being compared 解解析析：compare动动作作是是survey发发出出，现现在在分词短语做后置定语。分词短语做后置定语。高考解析高考解析第13页The ability _ an idea is as important as the idea itself.(湖南湖南)A.expressing B.expressed C.to express D.to be expressed解析：本句意思是：表示观点能力和这个解析：本句意思是：表示观点能力和这个观点本身一样主要。观点本身一样主要。the ability to do sth.“做某事能力做某事能力”，固定短语，故此处用动词，固定短语，故此处用动词不定式作后置定语。不定式作后置定语。第14页Tsinghua University,_ in 1911,is home to a great number of outstanding figures.(2011福建)A.found B.founding C.founded D.to be founded解析：句中主语Tsinghua University与found组成逻辑上被动关系，可选C、D；再依据时间19可知found动作已经完成，故用过去分词。此句中过去分词短语作后置定语。第15页1.The players _ from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.(湖南湖南 )A.selecting B.to select C.selected D.having selected 2.Mrs.White showed her students some old maps _ from the library.（课课标全国卷）标全国卷）A.to borrow B.to be borrowed C.borrowed D.borrowing 第16页3.Im calling to enquire about the position _ in yesterdays China Daily.（北京（北京）A.advertised B.to be advertised C.advertising D.having advertised 4.A great number of students _ said they were forced to practise the piano.（四川（四川）A.to question B.to be questioned C.questioned D.questioning 第17页5.So far nobody has claimed the money _ in the library.（湖南（湖南）A.discovered B.to be discovered C.discovering D.having discovered第18页