Unit9LearningaLanguage省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

Unit 9 Learning a LanguagePartIListening&SpeakingActivitiesPartIIReading&LanguageActivitiesPartIIIExtendedActivities第1页Part I Listening&Speaking Activities BrainstormingListeningSpeaking第2页BrainstormingExpressionsforlanguage accent,dialect,pronunciation,syllable,intonation,tone,rhyme,stress,grammar,syntax,structure,context,vocabulary,phrase,word,lexicon,morpheme,prefix,suffix,slang,idiom,jargon Expressionsforassessinglanguagebehaviorappropriate(appropriateness),accurate(accuracy),proper,fluent(fluency),erroneous,meaningful,logical,nonsense,make no sense,comprehensible,readable,to the point,redundant,repetitive,wordy,concise,precise,formal,informalExpressionsforusingalanguageexpress,read,scan,listen to,translate,interpret,summarize,paraphrase,outline(vt.)第3页Expressionsfortypesoflanguageusepoetry,sonnets,fiction,nonfiction,novel,story,newsreports,document,script,lyrics,summary,essay,composition,dissertation/thesis,autobiography,biography,note,memospeech,conversations,dialogue,monologue,lecture,interview,presentationExpressionsfortypesoflanguageuserswriter/author,reader,translator,interpreter,poet,scriptwriter,playwright,copywriter,reporter,journalistExpressionsforlearningalanguage:rotelearning,review,preview,revise,makenotes,repeat,communication,interaction,input,intake,output,languageaptitude,learningstrategies第4页Listening Listen and answer the following questions:1.WhyisListudyingaforeignlanguage?-Lifeltfromhismiddleschooldaysthathehadatalentforlanguage,boththemothertongueandEnglish.Butlaterhequestionedhisdecisionandlanguageaptitude.Despitehisdoubtshehasbecomemoreinterestedinandfascinatedbylearninganewlanguage.2.Whatishisattitudetowardlearningvocabulary,grammar,pronunciation?-Hedoesntthinktheyaredifficult.3.What,accordingtoLi,isthemostdifficultaspectinlearningEnglish?Andwhy?-HefindswhatstandsinhiswaywhenlearningEnglishisthespecialuseofcertainwords,i.e.idioms.Theyarenoteasytounderstandalthoughtheyconsistoffamiliarwords;andthereisahugebodyofidiomsforlearnerstomaster.第5页4.HowdoesLidefinetheterm“idiom”?-Anidiomisanexpressionwhosemeaningcannotbederivedfromthemeaningoftheindividualwordsintheexpression.5.HowdidhemisunderstandaBritishstudenttheotherday?-LiwastoldthattheBritishstudentwatchedafootballmatchandgotakickoutofit.Lithoughthewashitbytheballorkickedoutofthestadiumbyafootballplayer.ActuallytheBritishstudentmeanthehadgotalotoffunfromwatchingthematch.6.WhichareaoflanguageisLigoingtostudyinthefuture?-Liisinterestedinculturalstudies,whichhethinksisaneglectedbutveryimportantarea,becausehebelievesthatitismainlytheculturalaspectsoflanguageratherthantheotherlinguisticaspectsthatdeterminessuccessfulcommunication.第6页Do you know what these idioms mean?kickthebucketeuphemism-diebethetopdog/wearthepants e.g.Mr.Brown has been our top dog for 25 years,but hes retiring.Three of our senior executives are fighting for his job and nobody knows wholl end up as new top dog.The old man still owns the shop and comes to work.But his son wears the pants now.madmoneye.g.The other day we ran out of gas sixty miles from home.I had forgotten my wallet.But we were lucky-my wife remembered she had her mad money,so we were able to buy gas to get back home.beonthinice e.g.Young man,unless you start turning in your assignments on time and pull up your test scores,I have to tell you that you are on thin ice in this class.Right now youre very close to failing.第7页afatcat e.g.I hate to see fat cats showing off all their money,but I would sure love to be one myself.But I guess my only chance of being a fat cat is to win ten million dollars in the lottery.pokerface e.g.I never know whether my boss likes my work or not-he is a real poker face!raincheck e.g.Id love to go out with you,Ben.Im sorry Im busy tonight,but Id like a rain check.haveaheart e.g.Charlie,I know Ive owed you the hundred bucks for a long time.But,have a heart:give me a little more time because I really dont have it right now.crossmyheart e.g.Billy,cross my heart,it wasnt me who broke your bicycle.“rubelbowswith e.g.If you travel across America by bus,you rub elbows with all sorts of people.Youll meet older retired people,young students and others who ride the bus because its cheaper than flying.“第8页How do you learn English?Choose several questions from the following list and interview your partner about them:1.When did you start learning English?2.Do you enjoy English learning?3.Do you think you have a talent for learning a language?4.Why did you choose English as your major at college?5.What is the most difficult aspect in learning English?Why?How do you intend to deal with it?6.How do you manage to remember new words?7.Do you think it is helpful to recite passages?8.What do you think is the best way to improve your pronunciation?9.What do you read out of class?10.What would you choose if you have a chance of learning another foreign language?Why?第9页Group Oral TasksTask1:Conversation/playAconversation/shortplayaboutmisunderstandingcausedbythemisuseoflanguageincommunication(e.g.idioms,pronunciation)Task2:Conversation/PlayAconversation/shortplayaboutmisunderstandingcausedbytheuseofdifferentdialectsofEnglish(e.g.AmericanEnglishvs.BritishEnglish)Task3:Mini-lectureAshortlectureintroducingseveralinterestingidiomsandtheirstories.第10页Task4:StorytellingAstorybasedonthepicture.Task5:Play-ChinaEnglish?AshortplayaboutdifficultiesinexplainingtoforeignersthoseobjectsorideascharacteristicofChineseculture(e.g.旗袍，皮蛋，蚂蚁上树等).YoucouldalsobrieflypresentyourviewontheproperwaythatsuchthingsshouldbeexpressedinEnglish.Task6:Debate-Theyoungerthebetter?Adebateontheissuewhetherchildrencandobetterinlearningaforeignlanguagethanadults.第11页Part II Reading Comprehension&Language ActivitiesPre-readingTasksReadtheTextPost-readingTasksWords&ExpressionsLanguageWork(A,B,C)第12页Learning a LanguagePre-reading Task1.Whatisthedifferencebetweenlearningalanguageandlearninghowtodriveacar?2.Whydopeopleusingthesamelanguagesometimeshavetroubleunderstandingeachother?第13页Read the Text-Questions for skimming:1.Whataspectsoflanguagelearningarediscussedinthetext?-Threeimportantaspectsoflanguagelearning:(1)Learningalanguageisalife-longactivityandcannotbedonesystematicallywithclearultimatesuccess;(2)Words,besidestheircoremeanings,areoftenusedcreativelyandhaveextendedmeanings;(3)Therearevariationsanddialectswithinonelanguage;第14页Summary A.SummarizethestoryByclearingupthreemisconceptionsoflanguagelearning,theauthorintendstohelpthelearnersbecomeawareofthreeaspectsoflanguageandlanguagelearning:(1)languageisnotafixedunchangingthingandlearningalanguageisalifelongtask;(2)wordshaveextendedmeaningsinadditiontotheircoreones;(3)practitionersofthesamelanguagemaynotnecessarilyunderstandeachother.第15页Read the Text Questions for reading comprehension1.HowhastheEnglishlanguagedevelopedintoitspresentform?-ItwasoriginallyaformofancientGerman.LateritcollidedwithaspecialkindofoldFrenchandwassubjectedtoseveralwavesofLatinandafloodofGreek.SomeotherlanguageshavealsoenrichedtheEnglishlanguage.第16页History of the English LanguageTimeEvent and Its influence on English3000B.C.1000B.C.55BC410AD5thcentury597AD750AD1050AD1066AD16thcenturyTheIndo-EuropeanslivedinBritain,callingthemselves“Celts”.JuliusCaesarandhisarmyconqueredBritainandthenativeCelticlanguagewasinfluencedbyLatin.TheAnglesandSaxonsinvadedBritainandthelanguageofAnglesandSaxons(OldEnglish)cameintocontactwiththeCelticlanguage.SaintAugustineintroducedChristianityintoBritainandhundredsofLatinandGreekwordsenteredOldEnglish.TheVikingsattackedBritainandtheirlanguageNorsecollidedwithEnglishTheNormanConquestbroughtadual-languageperiodinhistory(OldFrenchastheofficiallanguage)TheRenaissance(Thehumanisticrevivalofclassicalart,architecture,literature,andlearningthatoriginatedinItalyinthe14thcenturyandlaterspreadthroughoutEurope.);ManyLatinandGreekwordscameintoEnglish第17页B.Summarize the paragraphsParagraph1:Theauthoraguesthat,contrarytotheviewthatlanguagecouldbelearnedsystematicallywithclearultimatesuccess,learningalanguageisactuallyalifelongactivity.Paragraph2:TheauthorusestheEnglishlanguageasanexampletoshowthateverylanguageisacomplexaffair,andlearningalanguageisthus,metaphoricallyspeaking,anendlessvoyage.Paragraph3-4:Theauthordiscussesthesecondmisconceptionthatwordshavefixedandclearmeanings,andpointsoutthatwords,besidetheircoremeanings,arealsousedcreativelyandhaveextendedmeanings.Paragraph5:Theauthordiscussesthemisconceptionthatthespeakersofalanguagespeakexactlythesamevarietyandhavenoproblemsunderstandingeachother.Dialectusersofthesamelanguageinfactmaynotnecessarilyunderstandeachother第18页Text Analysis 1.wespeakandthinkasthoughthelanguageinquestionwereafixedunchangingthing.inquestion:beingtalkedaboutidiomsoutofquestion:noproblemoutofthequestion:impossible,notworthdiscussingEg:Whereisthemaninquestion?-WouldyouliketogohuntingonSaturday?-Ok,outofquestion.Anewbicycleisoutofthequestion-wecantaffordit.第19页Words&Expressions ultimate final e.g.Becoming president is his ultimate goal.subsequently afterwardsembark on/upon start to do e.g.Were embarking on/upon a new project later this year.master of:person who has control or who has sth.at his disposalHe is a master of the situation.第20页Para1当我们谈到学习一门语言诸如英语、日语或西班牙语时，我们用这种语言说话和思索就好像正在谈论中语言是固定不变，我们期望像学几何或学骑车一样系统地学习并最终取得显著成效。许多人发觉这仅是一个误解时便放弃了。实际上，他们开始了一份连续终生工作。这种经验使他们不但意识到假如想要成功不得不努力工作，而且意识到在很多情况下，他们连著自己所谓母语也没有精通。第21页mingling mixture,combinationhybrid mixture of very different thingscollide with come into(violent)contact with,encounter e.g.It was predicted that a comet would collide with one of the planets.第22页be subjected to sth.:to cause sb./sth.to experience or undergo sth.She was repeatedly subjected to torture.As a test the metal was subjected to great heat.cf.be subject to sb./sth.1)to be obliged to obey sb./sth.,under the authority of sb./sth.We are subject to the law of the land.2)to be liable to sth.Trains are subject to delay after the heavy snowfalls.3)to be depending on sth.as a condition The plan is subject to the directors approval.第23页floodofsth.:greatquantityorvolumeShereceivedafloodofletters.bitsandpieces:someminorandbrokenthingsIntheprocessofacquiringknowledge,dontforgettoaccumulatebitsandpieces.beincontactwith:tokeepcommunicationwithsb.Ourtroopsareincontactwiththeenemy.第24页Para 2其实，学习任何语言就像是一次永无止境航行。当今世界上使用成千上万语言中每一个语言都是一件复杂事情。许多语言确实有一个标准形式-尤其是书面语-这就是我们要学习，然而，他们也可能有各种各样地域方言和社会文体，许多是历史进程中和其它语言融合产物。英语就是这么一个混合语言。大约二千年前开始演变。首先是一个古德语形式，与一个特殊古法语发生了冲突，其后又吸收了一些拉丁语和希腊语。自那以后有吸收了它使用者所接触其它全部语言点点滴滴。第25页mon:belongingto,affectingallornearlyallmembersofagrouporsocietyItisaflowercommoninricefields.2.Thereareseveralmenmissinginthatchessset.man:n.aplayingpiecethatwecanmoveinagameofchess3.Theboatwasmannedentirelybywomenandchildren.paraphrase Womenandchildrenwereinchargeoftheboatsoperation.man:v.tosupplymenorpeopleneededinoperationalposts.TheGeneralmannedtheassaulttroopswithhisbravestsoldiers.第26页Para 3关于语言第二种常见误解是单词意思固定清楚。这种想法不论不幸还是有幸是远远不正确。举个十分简单和详细英语单词man为例。似乎足够清楚，指是成年男子。当然确实如此，不过考虑一下以下句子：1）Thereareseveralmenmissinginthatchessset.那副象棋缺了几颗棋子。2）Theboatwasmannedentirelybywomenandchildren.这艘船全由妇女和小孩掌舵。第27页legitimate:lawful,reasonableHe is a criminal who runs a legitimate business as well.2.Part of the pleasure and genius of language may well arise out of this slight misuse of words.slight misuse of words Note 7may well:reasonably,probably grammatical point well can be used after can,could,may,might with the meaning of justifiably,reasonably,probably.I might well consider it later.(=Ill probably consider it later.)I cant very well leave now.(=Its not good for me to leave now.)convey:v.toexpress,makeknowntoanotherpersonWordscannotconveyhowdelightedIwas.第28页Para 4你可能争论这些句子有点不自然。是，它们不是单词man日惯使用方法，而是其中心意义合理延伸。尤其有趣是在第二个句子中它作动词用而不是名词。这表明我们期望成年男子做水手，而不是妇女当然更不是小孩。语言中一些乐趣和天赋很可能是由这种单词细微差异误用而产生。别忘了，假如你叫一个人猫或卷心菜，即使你不是表示字面意思，但它们会被曲解成许多意思。第29页equivalent:n.a.equalinvalue,amount,meaning,importancebe equivalent to:tobeequaltoWhatis$5equivalenttoinFrenchfrancs?IsthereaFrenchwordthatistheexactequivalentoftheEnglishwordhome?to a certain/some extent:partly,somewhatTosomeextentIwasabittired.have trouble with:tohaveinconveniencewithIhavesometroublewithapproachtomyteacher.第30页Para 5关于语言第三个误解是：每一个语言都被或者说应该被它全部使用者处处一样地使用和了解。当然，普通说来，使用英国英语标准形式人都能了解其在美国英语中对等词。英语这两种主要形式相同程度极大。这些国家讲方言人在相互了解对方时有严重障碍，甚至到了怀疑他们是否真正使用同一语言程度。一个来自纽约布鲁克林人与来自伦敦伦敦佬交流有困难，一位古板英国上校不会和一个加里福利亚嬉皮士谈笑风生。然而他们都属于20世纪世界英语巨大群体中组员。第31页Language Work(A)1.subsequently2.ultimately3.equivalent4.mingling5.legitimate6.literal7.Identification8.convey第32页Language Work(B)The government hopes to gain enough support for the project in question.The rescue party embarked on freeing the boy trapped in the hollow tree.The expedition travelling in outer-space has been in contact with the scientists on the earth.I have had a variety of experiences with glue.But glue and I simply are not meant for each other.Dad and I differ completely and dont see much of each other.After all,I still love him,for he is my father.With restrictive bindings applied to my knees,I was clumsy to the extent that I could only hobble along.The carpenter could only find bits and pieces to do in the basement.It often happens in many families that the value system of the older generation collides with that of the younger generation.第33页Language Work(C)1.a.Allthenewrecruitsweresubjectedtointenseandrigoroustraininginthefirstthreemonths.b.Yearsago,blackchildrenweresubjectedtoracialdiscriminationinmanyschools.c.ThelandoneithersideoftheYellowRiverwasoftensubjectedtofloods.2.a.Ifpeopledontknowhimwell,theywouldthinkthatheissomewhatdifficulttogetalongwith.b.Thoughhehadmadealotofpreparationfortheexam,hestillfeltsomewhatnervous.c.Sheisconsideredasomewhatfussygirlsinceshesseriousabouteverythingandmakesexaggeratingcomments.第34页3.a.The little girl is too young to convey her idea coherently.b.Profound gratitude and affection toward his first English teacher was conveyed in the speakers speech.c.Her smiles explicitly conveyed her satisfaction with her daughters performance.4.a.He claims that he can offer me a job,but I dont believe him.b.Now some young people claim that life is just about enjoying oneself.c.Hitler claimed that he would represent the will of German people.5.a.The customer complained that she had had a problem with the new shoes.b.They have serious problems communicating with each other due to their different family background.c.Without Braille,blind people would have great problems reading and writing.第35页Language Work(D)Ifoneholdstheseconceptions,onewillverylikelybedisappointedwiththeresultofthelearningandmayeventuallygiveupthestudy.Ifoneisafraidoftakinglanguagelearningalifelongtask,onewillnotsucceed.Learningalanguagerequiresbothhardworkandperseverance.IfonethinksalltheEnglishwordsarecreatedbynativespeakers,oneunderestimatesthecomplexityoftheEnglishlanguageandwillnotbewellpreparedforthehardworkoflearningEnglishvocabulary.Ifonethinksso,onewouldfinditdifficulttounderstandcreativeuseoflanguageandconsequentlyfailtoappreciatemuchofthepleasurethatlanguageoffers.Ifadictionarybecomesthestraight-jacketofone