高中英语定语从句课件市公开课一等奖百校联赛特等奖课件.pptx

定语从句定语从句(the attributive clause)在复合句中，充当在复合句中，充当形容词形容词用从句是定语从句用从句是定语从句（分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句）（分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句）定语从句修饰词是定语从句修饰词是“先行词先行词”，引导定语从，引导定语从句词叫做句词叫做“关系代词关系代词”或或“关系副词关系副词”。关系代词和关系副词三大作用，即关系代词和关系副词三大作用，即连接连接（连接定语从句和主句），（连接定语从句和主句），替换替换（替换前面先行词），（替换前面先行词），成份成份（在定语从句中充当一定句子成份）。（在定语从句中充当一定句子成份）。结构结构:先行词先行词 +关系词关系词+定语从句定语从句第3页 怎样使用关系词:1.关系代词主语宾语 定语指代人指代物2.关系副词关系副词 _,_,_ who (that)whom (that)whosewhich that which thatwhosewhenwherewhy第4页链接高考:1.(2006福建)Look out!Dont get close to the house _roof is under repair.2.(NMET)After living in Paris for 50 years,he returned to the small town _he grew up as a child.3.(北京)We are living in an age _many things are done on computer.4.(江苏)Do you still remember the chicken farm _ we visited three months ago?where-when（that/which）-whose-第5页第6页1.关系代词 that与which 不一样点2.介词+关系代词 引导定语从句3.as 引导定语从句4.一些特殊词之后定语从句关联词选择5.定语从句与强调句型结合第7页 高考热点1:that 与 which 不一样点1).He handed everything _he had stolen.2).The only thing _ we can do now is to work hard at our lessons.3).This is the most exciting film_ I have ever seen.4).They talked of the persons and things_ they remembered in the school.5).Who is the man _ is standing over there?6).Jim passed the driving test,_ surprised everybody in the office.7).Luckily,we had brought a map without _ we would have lost our way.thatwhichthatthatthatthatwhich-第8页总结:A.用that 引导定语从句,不能用 which情况.1.先行词是 all,much,little,something,anything,everything,nothing 等不定代词时;或先行词 被all,much,little,some,any,every,no 等词修饰时;2.先行词被序数词和最高级修饰时;3.先行词被 the only;the very;the last 等词修饰时;4.先行词中现有些人又有物时;5.主句中有 who 或者 which 时,为了防止重复,定语从句只能用that引导.第9页 B.以下两种情况不能用 that 引导定语从句1.引导非限制性定语从句,不能用that;2.关系代词前有介词前置时,不能用that.再如:This is the classroom _ we study in.This is the classroom in _ we study.(that/which)which第10页高考热点2:介词+关系代词 考查1).The pencil _he used to write is broken.A.in which B.by which C.with which D.with that2).(湖南卷)We saw several natives advancing towards our party,and one of them came up to us,_ we gave some bells and glasses.A.to which B.to whom C.with whom D.with which3).He was educated at a local grammar school,_he went on to Cambridge.A.from which B.after that C.after which D.from that 4).(湖北卷)There are two buildings,_stands nearly a hundred feet high.A.the larger B.the larger of them C.the larger one that D.the larger of which第11页结论：介词+关系代词引导定语从句时，介词选择遵从“一先二动三意义，所属关系用of”一先一先,即看介词和先行词组成固定搭配。即看介词和先行词组成固定搭配。二动二动,即看从句中谓语动词结构。即看从句中谓语动词结构。三三意义意义,经过判断主句表示全部意义确定介词经过判断主句表示全部意义确定介词.四四of,表示部分词语表示部分词语of关系代词关系代词.表示部分词语表示部分词语常见有：不定代词常见有：不定代词all,both,none,neither,either,some,any;数词数词(含基数词，序数词，分数含基数词，序数词，分数和百分数和百分数);数词数词+名词名词;the+最高级最高级/比较级，以及比较级，以及表示数目或数量词语表示数目或数量词语many,most,few,several,enough,half a,a quarter。第12页高考热点3:as 引导定语从句1).(NMET)The teacher set us such a difficult problem _none of us worked out.2).(上海春)These houses are sold at such a low price _people expected.3).(NMET)_is known to everybody,the moon travels around the earth once every month.as-as-as第13页 1).as 能够引导限制性定语从句,先行词中有 such,as,so,the same等词修饰,组成固定搭配:suchas;asas.,so.as;the same.as.2).as 还能够引导非限制性定语从句,代表主句全部内容,as 从句既能够 放在主句前,也能够放在主句后,as 含义为“正如,像.一样”总结总结:as引导定语从句特殊使用方法引导定语从句特殊使用方法Notes:which 也能够引导也能够引导非限制性定语从非限制性定语从句句,代表主句全部内容代表主句全部内容,但但which从句只能放从句只能放在主在主句句后后.第14页高考热点4:特殊词后定语从句关系词选择 (陕西）Today we are going to discuss a number of cases _ beginners of English fail to use the language properly.Notes:case,point,position,stage,state,situation,place,room等为先行词,且在定语从句中做状语 时，定语从句关系词用where;同条件下occasion用 when.不过,有时需要克服思维定势,详细问题详细分析。-Do you have anything to say for yourself?-Yes,there is one point _ we must insist on.(that/which)where-第15页高考热点:定语从句与强调句型结合 -_that he picked up French?-It was in _he traveled in France.A.Was it when;that B.When was it;that C.Was it when;when D.When was it;whenNotes:这是情景对话，注意情景这是情景对话，注意情景,不然很轻不然很轻易犯易犯“答非所问答非所问”毛病毛病.实际上答句后省略实际上答句后省略了了that he picked up French第16页第17页A.1).He has two daughters,both of _ are doctors.2).He has two daughters,and both of _ are doctors.B.1)._ is well known that China has launched Change One successfully.2)._ is known to all,Change One has been launched successfully.3)._ is known to all is that China has succeeded in sending up Change One.whom them It As What(whom/them)(It/What/As)第18页C.1).He is such a good teacher_we all like him.2).He is such a good teacher_we all like.3).He is a good man,_we all know.4).He is a good man,_makes us like him.D.1).Is this the factory _ he worked five years ago?2).Is this the factory _ he visited the other day?3).Is this factory _ he visited the other day?that as as which where(that/which)the one(that)(that/as/which)(that/which)/where/the one(that)第19页Good-bye!Good-bye!Little by little,one goes far第20页