非人称转述结构.ppt

非人称转述结构非人称转述结构一、概述一、概述 当转述人们的一般认识或说的话时，常用这当转述人们的一般认识或说的话时，常用这样的结构：样的结构：Itbe过去分词过去分词that从句从句其中其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是是形式主语，真正的主语是that从句。从句。常用于这一结构的动词有：常用于这一结构的动词有：predict,say,know,believe,think,claim(声称声称),suppose(认为认为,猜想猜想),fear(恐怕恐怕,担忧担忧)等，这一等，这一结构称为结构称为非人称转述结构非人称转述结构。二、用法二、用法(1)“It be过去分词过去分词that从句从句”可以变为可以变为“People动词动词that从句从句”和和“Sb./Sth.be过过去去分分词词不不定定式式”两两种种形式。形式。例：人们说乔治会把他的基因传给新一代。例：人们说乔治会把他的基因传给新一代。It is said that George will pass on his genes to a new generation.People say that George will pass on his genes to a new generation.George is said to pass on his genes to a new generation.非人称转述结构非人称转述结构非人称转述结构非人称转述结构(2009全国卷全国卷)It is often _ that human beings are naturally equipped to(具备具备)speak.A.said B.to say C.saying D.being said 解析：选解析：选A。考查固定句式。句式。考查固定句式。句式It is often said that.表示表示“据说据说；人们常说；人们常说”。It为形式主语，指代为形式主语，指代that从句。句意：人们从句。句意：人们常说，人天生具有语言能力。常说，人天生具有语言能力。非人称转述结构非人称转述结构用用不定式结构不定式结构应注意以下两点：应注意以下两点：1)主谓一致主谓一致 污染被认为是一个非常严重的问题。污染被认为是一个非常严重的问题。It is thought that pollution is a very serious problem.Pollution is thought to be a very serious problem.据说海豚是非常友好的动物。据说海豚是非常友好的动物。It is said that dolphins are very friendly animals.Dolphins are said to be very friendly animals.非人称转述结构非人称转述结构2)不定式的时态不定式的时态(1)如果转述的动作发生于转述的如果转述的动作发生于转述的同一时间同一时间/还未发生还未发生，用不定式的，用不定式的一般式一般式(to do)。据说他是这家公司的经理。据说他是这家公司的经理。It is said that he is the manager of the company.He is said to be the manager of the company.他们恐怕会放弃。他们恐怕会放弃。It was feared that they would give up.They were feared to give up.非人称转述结构非人称转述结构(2)如果转述的动作此时如果转述的动作此时正在发生正在发生，用不定，用不定式的式的进行时进行时(to be doing)。据报道警察据报道警察正在正在调查调查(look into)这起案件。这起案件。It is reported that the police are looking into this case.The police are reported to be looking into this case.非人称转述结构非人称转述结构(3)如果转述的动作发生如果转述的动作发生在转述之前在转述之前，则用不，则用不定式的定式的完成式完成式(to have done)。人们猜想那架飞机被劫持人们猜想那架飞机被劫持(hijack)了。了。It is supposed that the plane was hijacked.The plane is supposed to have been hijacked.人们知道那个小偷已经被逮捕了。人们知道那个小偷已经被逮捕了。It is known that the thief has been arrested.The thief is known to have been arrested.非人称转述结构非人称转述结构(2007辽宁辽宁)The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of(看见看见)Liu Xiang,who was reported _ the world record(破世界纪录破世界纪录)in the 110meter hurdle race.Abreaking Bhaving broken Cto have broken Dto break 解析：选解析：选C。此题考查了。此题考查了sb.is reported to do结构。结构。break这个动作发生在这个动作发生在report之前，故之前，故用完成时态。用完成时态。非人称转述结构非人称转述结构总结：非人称转述结构的不定式用法总结：非人称转述结构的不定式用法 dosb./sth.be said to have donereported/thought/believed/known.be doing 同时同时/未发生未发生 正在发生正在发生 在转述之前在转述之前非人称转述结构非人称转述结构注意：若转述的动词是注意：若转述的动词是suggest,order,require,demand等单词，从句需用等单词，从句需用(should)do形式。形式。e.g.人们已经建议必须立即人们已经建议必须立即采取措施采取措施。(take measures)It is suggested that measures _ at once.(should)be taken非人称转述结构小练非人称转述结构小练1.The message is very important,so it is supposed _ as soon as possible.(08陕西陕西)A.to be sent B.to send C.being sentD.sending2.AIDS is said _ the biggest health challenge to both men and women in that area over the past few years.(06湖北湖北)A.that it is B.to be C.that it has been D.to have beenADpast非人称转述结构小练非人称转述结构小练3.At the end of the meeting,it was announced that an agreement _.(江苏江苏2007)A.has been reached B.had been reached C.has reached D.had reached reach an agreement:达成协议达成协议4.It is said that the early European playingcards _ for entertainment and education.(辽宁辽宁2006)A.were being designed B.have designed C.have been designed D.were designedBD“设计设计”这一动作在过去已结束这一动作在过去已结束非人称转述结构小练非人称转述结构小练5.It was ordered that all the soldiers _ to the front.A.should send B.must be sent C.be sent D.must go6._ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your email account.(上海上海 2005)A.What is required B.What requiresC.It is required D.It requiresCC()What is required is that非人称转述结构小练非人称转述结构小练7.Leonardo Da Vinci(14521519)_ birds kept in cages(关在笼中的鸟关在笼中的鸟)in order to have the pleasure of setting them free(释放释放).A.is said to be buying B.is said to have bought C.had said to buy D.has said to have bought8.Is Bob still performing?Im afraid not.He is said_ the stage already as he has become an official.(05江苏江苏)A.to have left B.to leave C.to have been leftD.to be leftBA(在转述之前在转述之前已经离开舞台已经离开舞台)非人称转述结构小练非人称转述结构小练9.Robert is said _ abroad,but I dont know what country he studied in.A.to have studied B.to studyC.to be studying D.to have been studying比较比较:Robert is said_abroad,but I dont know what country hestudiesin.10.Police are now searching for a woman who is reported to _ since the flood hit the area last Friday.(06山东山东)A.have been missingB.have got lost C.be missingD.get lostAstudiedstudiesCA(出国留学发生出国留学发生在转述之前在转述之前)转述时仍转述时仍身处国外身处国外“迷路迷路”,瞬间动作瞬间动作,不可持续不可持续