句型转换和特殊疑问句的语法.doc

句型转换和特殊疑问句的语法
肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句的相互转换
一、 含有的be动词、助动词和情态动词的句子；
一律在be动词、助动词和情态动词后加“not”，改为一般疑问句时，一律将be动词、助动词和情态动前移到句首（首字母大写）。肯定回答用“Yes”；否定回答用“No”。“Yes”或“No”后面的主语必须用代词，“No”后面必须用否定缩略式。
1. There are some computers in this school. (be动词)
There aren’t any computers in this school.
Are there any computers in this school? (Yes, there are. / No, there aren't.)
2. Li Ming’s father can drive the car. (情态动词)
Li Ming’s father can’t drive the car.
Can Li Ming’s father drive the car? (Yes, he can. / No, he can’t.)
3. She has already finished his homework now. (助动词)
She hasn’t finished his homework yet.

Has she finished his homework yet? (Yes, she has. / No, she hasn’t.)
二、只有行为动词的句子。
必须借助助动词do; does; did。改为否定句，在行为动词前加don’t（一般现在时态，主语是除第三人称单数之外的人称和数时）；doesn’t（一般现在时态，主语是第三人称单数时）；didn’t（一般过去时态）。改为一般疑问句时，在句首加Do；Does 或Did。肯定回答用“Yes”，后面动词用 do; does或did”；否定回答用“No”，后面动词用don’t (doesn’t; didn’t)”。
1. The children like playing games.
The children don’t like playing games.
Do the children like playing games? (Yes, they do. / No, they don’t.)
2. Mary usually goes to school on foot.
Mary doesn’t usually go to school on foot. (原第三人称单数改为原形)
Does Mary usually go to school on foot? (Yes, she does. / No she doesn’t.)
3. Tom went to London yesterday.
Tom didn’t go to London yesterday. (原过去式改为原形)
Did Tom go to London yesterday? (Yes, he did. / No, he didn’t.)

一般疑问句及特殊疑问句 
一、 一般疑问句：能用Yes或No来回答的问句。一般疑问句句尾读升调。
1、 谓语动词是be动词、助动词、情态动词时，只要直接把这些词置于句首，句末改成问号。
Are you from Japan﹖
Yes, I am． / No, I'm not．
Is her sister doing her homework now﹖
Yes, she is． / No, she isn't．
Can you speak French﹖
Yes, I can． / No, I can't．
May I go home now﹖
Yes, you may． / No, you mustn't．
2、 谓语动词是行为动词时，必须在句首加上助动词Do、Does（三单）、Did（过去式）加上这些助动词后，句子中谓语动词必须用原形。
Does he work in a bank﹖
Yes, he does． / No, he doesn't．
Do you live near your school﹖
Yes, I do． / No, I don't．
3、already要改成yet，some、something、somebody等分别改成any、anything、anybody等。
4、常常把第一人称I、we改成第二人称you
5．一般疑问句有时不用yes或 no 回答。如：
Are they in town now﹖
I think so.
May I sit here﹖
Certainly．
Does he like soccer﹖
Sorry I don't know．

二、 特殊疑问句：不能用Yes或No来回答的问句。特殊疑问句句尾读降调。
1、以疑问词开头，对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。常用的疑问词有：what（什么）， who（谁）， whose（谁的）， which（哪个）， when（何时）， where（哪里）， how（怎样）， why（为何）how many（有多少），how much（多少钱）等。
2、疑问词作主语(who)或主语的定语(Whose)，即对主语或主语的定语提问，其语序是陈述句的语序：疑问词（+主语）+谓语动词+其他成分如：
who is singing in the room﹖
whose bike is broken﹖
3、如疑问词作其他成分，即对其他成分提问，其语序是：疑问词+一般疑问句语序？　如：
what class are you in﹖
What does she look like﹖
Where are you from﹖
What time does he get up every morning﹖
How do you know﹖

3、要根据句子的主语来决定在句首使用Do或Does.例如下列句子变问句： 
Michael likes Chinese Food.----Does Michael like Chinese food?  Yes, he does./ No, he doesn't. 
Jane and Helen like music.----Do Jand and Helen like music?   Yes, they do./ No, they don't. 

按要求进行句型转换。
1. David doesn’t like learning Chinese.(变肯定句)
2. Tony doesn’t have a lot of time to paint.(变肯定句)
3. Snoopy has a very cool bicycle.（变否定句）
4. Do you have a pencil in your pencil case?（肯定回答）
5. They are the students in Number one middle school.（改成否定句）
6. My mother likes watching TV at night.（改为否定句）
7. There is some bread on the table. (改为否定句)
8. That bicycle is black and white.（变成复数形式）
9. My brother wants to buy those black shoes.（变成否定句）
10. We have an English Talent Show every year.（变成一般疑问句）
特殊疑问句。（用正确的疑问词填空）
1.______ is the weather like today? 今天的天气如何?
2.______ is behind the door? 谁在门后？
3.______ won the prize? 哪个女孩得了奖？
4.______ bag is this? 这个包是谁的
5.______ did you arrive? 你什么时候到的？
6. ______ do you want to build a science lab? 你为什么想建科学实验室？
7.______ shall we meet tomorrow? 我们明天在哪儿见面？
8.______ are you? 你好吗？
9. ___________ apples are there on the table? 桌子上有多少个苹果？
10. ___________ are these apples? 这些苹果多少钱？
11. ___________ have you lived here? 你在这儿住多久了？
12. ___________ will he come back? 他什么时候回来？
13. ___________ do you water the flowers? 你多长时间浇一次花？
14. ___________ are you? 你多大了?

B.用所给单词的适当形式填空。
56. There are some children ________  (run) on the playground.
57. Betty’s birthday is coming. We will buy ________ (she) a present.
58. See you ________  (late), Daniel.
59. These students are from different  ________ (country).
60. He wants ________ (visit) his parents on Saturday.
六、句型转换（每小题2分，满分10 分）
61. There is a shoe shop near my home.（改为复数句子）
   There  ________________________ near my home.
62. There are some people in the park.（改为一般疑问句）
   ________________________  people in the park?
63. A lot of restaurants are on the top floor.（改为同义句）
     ________________________  restaurants on the top floor.
64. There is a cat over there.（改为否定句）
   There  ________________________ over there.
65. I spend 5 yuan on the sticker.（改为同义句）
   The sticker ________________  me 5 yuan.
七、书面表达（满分15分）
    根据提示写一篇关于一个新的购物中心的短文。
提示：1.在我们学校附近有个新的购物中心。它紧挨着汽车站，很容易找到。
      2.它有很多服装店，女孩儿们很喜欢。但是为男孩儿们开的商店不多，只有一家体育店, 我认为需要更多。
      3.在最顶层有很多餐馆。在那里，你可以吃到各种各样的食物。其中我喜欢的是四川食物。
      4.商场是一个相当有趣的去处，也是一个会见朋友的好地方。

56. running  57. her          58. later          59. countries     60. to visit
61. are some shoe shops   62. Are there any      63. There are a lot of
64. isn’ t a cat    65. costs
One possible version:
　　The new shopping mall
　　There is a new shopping mall near our school. It’ s next to the bus station and it’ s easy to find. There are many clothes shops in it. Girls like them very much. But there aren’ t many shops for boys. There’ s only one sports shop. I think it needs more.
　　There are many restaurants on the top floor. You can eat different kinds of food there. My favourite is Sichuan food.
　　The mall is an interesting place to meet friends and have fun.