美国文学史及选读-表格.doc

American Literature
Age
Writer
Status
Form ＆ Style
Work
（“___”表重要性,“☆”表课本选文)
The Literature of Colonial America
(17th century）
John Smith
（1580 —1631）
the first American writer

A True Relation of Such Occurrences and Accidents of Note as Hath Happened in Virginia Since the First Planting of That Colony
A Map of Virginia: with a Description of the Country
The General History of Virginia, New—England， and the Summer Isles
William Bradford
（1590—1657)
&
John Winthrop
(1588—1649）

Of Plymouth Plantation 《普利茅斯垦殖记》 （by William Bradford）
The History of New England from 1630 to 1649《新英格兰历史:1630~1649》（by John Winthrop)
John Cotton
(1585-1652)
＆
Roger Williams
(1603-1683)

A Key into the Language of America (by Roger Williams)
Anne Bradstreet
(1612—1672)
&
Edward Taylor
(1642-1729)
one of the most interesting of the early poets
//
the best of the Puritan poets

The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America(by Anne Bradstreet)
The Literature of Reason and Revolution
（18th century)
Benjamin Franklin
本杰明·富兰克林
（1706-1790）

☆The Autobiography《富兰克林自传》
Poor Richard’s Almanac《穷理查年鉴》
Thomas Paine
托马斯·潘恩
(1737-1809）

☆The American Crisis《美国危机》
Common Sense《常识》
Rights of Men《人权论》
The Age of Reason《理性时代》
Thomas Jefferson
托马斯·杰斐逊
(1743—1826)

☆The Declaration of Independence《独立宣言》
Philip Freneau
菲利普·弗伦诺
(1752-1832)
perhaps the most outstanding writer of the post—revolutionary period
“Father of American Poetry”
poetry；
a satirist and a sentimentalist,
a humanitarian but also a bitter polemicist；
gothic mood
The British Prison Ship《英国囚船》
☆The Wild Honey Suckle《野生的金银花》
☆The Indian Burying Ground《印第安人殡葬地》
☆To a Caty—Did
The Literature of Romanticism
（19th century)
Washington Irving
华盛顿·欧文
（1783—1859)
The first great prose stylist of American Romanticism

☆The Author's Account of Himself
☆The Legend of Sleepy Hollow(included in Sketch Book)
Sketch Book 《见闻札记》(the first modern short stories and the first great American juvenile literature)
A History of New York《纽约外史》
James Feninore Cooper
詹姆斯·费尼莫尔·库柏
（1789-1851)

novel;
He launched two kinds of immensely popular stories： the best of his sea adventure tales， and the frontier saga。
The Spy
The Pilot （the best of his sea romances)
The Leatherstocking Tales： (“the nearest approach yet to an American epic"）
①The Deerslayer
②☆The Last of the Mohicans《最后一个莫希干人》
③The Pathfinder
④The Pioneers
⑤The Prairie
William Cullen Bryant
威廉·卡伦·布莱恩特
(1794-1878)
the first American to gain the stature of a major poet
poetry；
naturalism
☆Thanatopsis《死亡随想》
☆To a Waterfowl《致水鸟》(perhaps the peak of his works）
Edgar Allan Poe
埃德加·爱伦·坡
(1809-1849）

poetry， novel, literary criticism
☆To Hellen
☆The Raven
☆Annabel Lee
☆The Fall of the House of Usher《厄舍古屋的倒塌》
Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque
Ralph Waldo Emerson
拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生
(1803—1882）

essay;
transcendentalism
☆Nature
☆Self-reliance
Essays
Representative Men （one of his most important works）
English Traits (one of his most important works）
Henry David Thoreau
亨利·戴维·梭罗
（1817—1862)

essay;
transcendentalism
☆Walden《瓦尔登湖》
Nathaniel Hawthorne
纳撒尼尔·霍桑
（1804—1864）
19世纪前半期美国最伟大的小说家
novel；
romanticism；
symbolism；
feminism
☆The Scarlet Letter《红字》
The House of the Seven Gables
The Blithedale Romance
Mosses from an Old Manse
The Marble Faun
Herman Melville
赫尔曼·梅尔维尔
(1819-1891)
19世纪美国最伟大的小说家、散文家和诗人之一,与纳撒尼尔·霍桑齐名
novel;
symbolism
☆Moby-Dick《白鲸》
Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
亨利·沃兹沃斯·朗费罗
(1807-1882）
19世纪美国最伟大的浪漫主义诗人之一
poetry；
romanticism
☆A Psalm of Life《人生礼赞》
☆The Slave’s Dream
☆My Lost Youth
☆The Song of Hiawatha
The Literature of Realism
(19th century)
Walt Whitman
沃尔特·惠特曼
（1819-1892)
He devised the poetic style which is now called free verse
poetry;
free verse（poetry without a fixed beat or regular rhyme scheme)
☆Song of Myself
☆I Sit and Look Out
☆Beat！ Beat！ Drums！
Emily Dickinson
艾米莉·狄金森
（1830—1886)

poetry, half rhyme;
The poems are short, many of them being based on a single image or symbol。
Her works express a desire to separate herself from the world。
☆I Taste a Liquor Never Brewed
☆I Felt a Funeral， in My Brain
☆A Bird Came down the Walk-
☆I Died for Beauty—But Was Scarce
☆I Heard a Fly Buzz—When I Died—
☆Because I Could Not Stop for Death—
Harriet Beecher Stowe
哈丽叶特·比切·斯托
（1811-1896)

novel
☆Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Mark Twain
马克·吐温
（1835-1910）

novel；
He combined his writing with public lecturing and foreign traveling, becoming American ambassador at large， and acquiring an international reputation as humorist-frontier—philosopher.
☆The Adventures of Tom Sawyer《汤姆索亚历险记》
Innocents Abroad
Roughing it《艰苦岁月/淘金岁月/苦行记》
The Gilded Age《镀金时代》（马克吐温的第一部长篇小说）
The Adventure of Huckleberry Finn《哈克贝利芬历险记》
Pudd’nhead Wilson
The Man that Corrupted Hadleyburg
What Is Man？
The Mysterious Stranger
O. Henry
欧·亨利
（1862—1910）

novel；
Clear style and a keen observation of details; write about people in the poorer walks of life and his works are abounded in good—natured humor.
Short stories， of local color and with unexpected endings。
☆The Cop and the Anthem
The Four Million《四百万》
A Retrieved Reformation
The Gift of the Magi《麦琪的礼物》
A Municipal Report
An Unfinished Story
Phoebe
A Lickpenny Lover
The Furnished Room《带家具出租的房间》
Henry James
亨利·詹姆斯
（1843-1816）

novel；
He made major contributions to the art of fiction itself, helping to transform the novel form its alliances with journalism and romantic storytelling into an art form of penetrating analysis of individuals confronting society， chronicles of the psychological perceptions that James himself defined as the highest form of experience。
☆The Portrait of a Lady
Watch and Ward
Roderick Hudson
The American
Daisy Miller
The Bostonians
The Princess Casamassima
The Tragic Muse
The Wings of the Dove
The Ambassadors
The Golden Bowl
Jack London
杰克·伦敦
(1876-1916）

novel;
In London strips everything down to the symbolic starkness of dream, to a primordial simplicity that has the strange and compelling power of ancient myth。
☆The Sea Wolf《海狼》
☆Martin Eden
The People of the Abyss
The Iron Heel
The War of the Classes
Revolution
The Call of the Wild《野性的呼唤》
The Son of the Wolf
White Fang
The Law of Life
Theodore Dreiser
西奥多·德莱塞
（1871-1945)
Dreiser has been recognized as a profound and prescient critic of debased American values and as a powerful novelist。
novel
☆Sister Carrie《嘉莉妹妹》
Nigger Jeff
Butcher Rogaum’ Daughter
Jannie Gerhardt
The Financier
The Titan
The “Genius"
An American Tragedy《美国悲剧》（德莱塞成就最高的作品)

Ezra Pound
埃兹拉·庞德
(1885-1972）

poetry；
imagism；
A considerable number contain lyrical passages of genuine power; they are in places supremely witty， and many of their topical references are shrewd and valuable。 But their complexity renders them controversial.
☆A Virginal
☆Salutation the Second
☆A Pact
☆In a Station of the Metro
☆The River—Merchant’s Wife: A Letter
The Waste Land
Homage to Sextus Propertius
Personae《人物》
Huge Selwyn Mauberley
The Cantos
The Pisan Cantos《比萨诗章》
Section： Rock-Drill
Finnegan's Wake
Edwin Arlington Robinson
埃德温·阿林顿·罗宾逊
（1869-1935)
one of the most productive of the new poets in the late years of the 19th century
poetry；
realism
☆The House on the Hill
☆Richard Cory
☆Miniver Cheevy
Robert Frost
罗伯特·弗罗斯特
（1874—1963）

poetry；
romanticism；
He employed the plain speech of rural New Englanders and preferred the short, traditional forms of lyrics and narrative。 His concern with nature reflected deep moral uncertainties, and his poetry, for all its apparent simplicity, often probes mysteries of darkness and irrationality in the bleak and chaotic landscapes of an indifferent universe where men stand alone， unaided and perplexed。
☆After Apple—Picking
☆The Road Not Taken《未选择的路》
☆Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening《雪夜林边小驻》
☆Departmental
☆Design
☆The Most of It
A Boy’s Will
North of Boston
Mountain Interval
New Hampshire
West-Running Brook
A Further Range
A Witness Tree
Steeple Bush
In the Clearing
Carl Sandburg
桑德伯格
（1878—1967)

poetry；
free verse;
Sandburg’s language draws on the colorful diction of immigrants and the lingo of urban dwellers。
☆Chicago
☆The Harbor
☆Fog
☆Cool Tombs
☆Flash Crimson
☆The People， Yes
The American Songbag
The Chicago Race Riots
Rootabaga Stories
Steichen the Photographer
Mary Lincoln
The Prairie Years
The War Years
Wallace Stevens
华莱士·史蒂文斯
（1879-1955）

poetry；
imagism;
He adopted a variety of experimental styles。
the problem of the interrelation between the ideal and the real
☆Peter Quince at the Clavier
☆Anecdote of the Jar
☆The Emperor of Ice—Cream
Harmonium
Ideals of Order
The Men with the Blue Guitar
Parts of a World
Transport to Summer
The Auroras of Autumn
The Necessary Angel
Collected Poems
Opus Posthumous
T. S. Eliot
（Thomas Stearns Eliot）
托马斯·斯特尔那斯·艾略特
（1888—1965）

poetry, critics, drama；
imagism;
The orchestration of related themes in successive movements
☆The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock
☆Preludes
☆Journey of the Magi
☆The Hollow Men
The Sacred Wood （essay)
The Waste Land《荒原》
Gerontion
Four Quartets《四个四重奏》
Burnt Norton
The Cocktail Party（drama)
The Confidential Clerk(drama）
The Elder Statesman（drama)
The Complete Poems
Plays
F. Scott Fitzgerald
弗朗西斯·斯科特·基·菲茨杰拉德
(1896-1940)

novel
☆The Great Gatsby《伟大的盖茨比》
Tender Is the Night
Ernest Hemingway
欧内斯特·海明威
(1899—1961)

novel
☆A Farewell to Arms《永别了,武器》
The Sun Also Rises《太阳照样升起》
Whom the Bell Tolls《丧钟为谁而鸣》
The Old Man and the Sea《老人与海》
John Steinbeck
约翰·斯坦贝克
（1902—1968)

novel
☆The Grapes of Wrath《愤怒的葡萄》
Tortilla Flat《煎饼坪》
Of Mice and Men《人鼠之间》
The Long Valley
The Sea of Cortez
William Faulkner
威廉·福克纳
（1897-1962)

novel
☆A Rose for Emily
The Sound and the Fury《喧哗与骚动》
As I Lay Dying《我弥留之际》
Sanctuary《圣殿》
Light in August《八月之光》
Absalom, Absalom！
The Hamlet《村子》
Go Down, Moses
A Fable
The Town
The Mansion

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