牛津译林版八年级下册Unit-8-A-green-world讲课课件.ppt

Unit8 A green worldReadingGreen Switzerland教学目标n1.能够读懂有关瑞士环保措施的文章，掌握一定的阅读技巧，如：通过上下文语境猜测生词词义。n2.能够较好地掌握和运用本课的重点词汇、短语和句型。n3.能够完成相关阅读任务，学会用恰当的语言介绍瑞士环保措施。n4.能够帮助学生认识保护环境的重要性，培养学生保护环境的意识Free talkWe know that we have learned something about the green life.Work in groups and talk about the ways to live a green life.What can we do to live a green life?1.We can reduce air pollution by riding bicycles.2.We can save water by taking shorter showers.3.We should remember to turn off the lights when we leave a room.4.We can use energy from the sun,wind and water.TASK 1 Pre-reading(Lead-in)Lets enjoy some pictures 1.Which country do you know?2.How do you think of this place?3.Do you know something else about this place?beautifulSwitzerlandTASK 2 ReadingScanning Read the text quickly in pairs and finish the practice in Part B1Match the words on the left with the meaning on the right.1 separate _2 recycle _3 allow _4 fine _5 run out _6 produce _a cause a resultb make someone pay money because he/she has done something wrongc be used upd put things into different groupse let some one do somethingf treat something used so that it can be used again dfebcaTASK 3 ReadingSkimmingRead the text and answer the questions Read the first paragraph carefully and answer the questions.1.What is Switzerland like?2.What do people there try to do?Switzerland is a country with high mountains and clean blue lakes.They try to keep their country beautiful and clean.1.What can be recycled in Switzerland?2.What does Martinas family do with their old clothes?Read the paragraphs 2 and 3 carefully and answer the questions.Things like glass,plastic,paper,old clothes and shoes can be recycled.They send their old jeans and T-shirts to an organization for recycling.3.Does Switzerland have laws to protect the environment?4.What will happen if you drop litter in a public place in Switzerland?Yes,it does.It has many laws to protect the environment.You will be fined by the police.1.What are the new ways to get energy?2.What are the advantages of these new types of energy?Read the paragraphs 4 and 5 carefully and answer the questions.To get energy from the sun,wind and water.They cost very little and will never fun out.Also,they produce little pollution.Kitty made some notes of Martinas blog on a piece of paper,but her mother tore it up by mistake.Read the article again.Help her match the two halves of the sentences.Write the correct letters in the blanks.a are separated into different groups and recycled.b energy from the sun,wind and water.c to protect the environment.d with high mountains and clean blue lakes.e because we depend on its rich resources to live.f to collect old clothes from around the country.1 Switzerland is a beautiful country _2 In Switzerland,glass plastic and paper _da3 An organization was set up _4 The government has laws _5 We should protect nature _6 People are starting to use _a are separated into different groups and recycled.b energy from the sun,wind and water.c to protect the environment.d with high mountains and clean blue lakes.e because we depend on its rich resources to live.f to collect old clothes from around the country.fcebAfter reading Martinas article,Kitty has written down the main points of the paragraphs.Write the correct numbers of the paragraphs in the boxes.P1._P2._ P3._ P4._P5._a Martina asks everyone to do something for the environment.b People are starting to use new energy.c People in Switzerland recycle many things to reduce pollution.d The government has laws to protect the environment.e Switzerland is a beautiful country.ecdbaHow do you understand“Green Switzerland”?Whats the meaning of“green”?Switzerland is a beautiful country with high mountains and clean blue lakes.People in Switzerland recycle many thing to reduce pollution.The government has many laws to protect the environment.And they are starting to use the new energy.Green here means protecting the environment.Homework1.Read aloud the article and underline the difficult parts.2.Remember the new words in this lesson.Thank youThe EndTASK4 Language pointsPay attention to the following wordsTASK 5 ConsolidationAnswer the questions in the 4 and 5 paragraphWrite down the following words and finish the tasks1.recycle：2.produce：3.wise：4.plastic：5.separate：6.allow：7.cut down：8.punish：9.fine：10.limit：11.depend：回收利用，循环利用回收利用，循环利用 导致，造成导致，造成 明智的，充满智慧的明智的，充满智慧的 塑料塑料 分开，隔开分开，隔开 允许，准许允许，准许 砍到砍到 处罚，惩处处罚，惩处 罚款罚款 限制限制 依靠。依赖依靠。依赖Read the text and answer the questions1.What is Switzerland like?Switzerland is a country with high mountains and clean blue lakes.2.What do people there try to do?They try to keep their country beautiful and clean.Listen to the tape an read after the tape.Answer the following questions1.What can be recycled in Switzerland?2.What does Martinas family do with their old clothes?3.Does Switzerland have laws to protect the environment?4.What will happen if you drop the litter in a public place in Awitzerland?Unit8 Unit8 A green worldA green worldWelcome to the unitLook,I have a trowel.what can use it to do?To dig holes.Listening and scanning:1.Hobo is going to dig holes.Do you know why?2.Now lets find the answers together.1.Why does Hobo want to plant more trees?Because trees are good for us.2.Does Eddie want to go with Hobo?Yes,he does.3.What does Eddie want to plant?He wants to plant breadfruit trees.Work in pairs and read the conversations between Eddie and Hobo,you can add yourown ideas.Look at the following picturesWhat are they doing?recycleOur planet is in trouble!We should try ourbest to protect the environment What else can we do?Here are some useful sentences to help you find the answers.1.Turn off the computer when we are not using them.2.Use both sides of a piece of paper.3.Send e-cards instead of paper cards.4.Buy products that you can use again.5.Reduce waste.Homework:Read the passage again and try to say something about the recycled activities.Thank you for your attention!Thank you for your attention!GrammarFuture Passive Voice一般将来时的被动语态Definition:英语动词除时态外，还有语态。语态指的是句子中主语和谓语动词的关系。当主语是动作的执行者时，谓语动词的形式就是主动语态。当主语是动作的承受者时，谓语动词的形式就是被动语态。They serve Chinese food here.Chinese food is served here(by them).People took the earliest family names from place names.The earliset family names were taken from place names.Lets review!一般现在时的被动语态一般现在时的被动语态1.the present passive voice结构：结构：am/is/are+过去分词过去分词 e.g.Tom breaks the beautiful kite.The beautiful kite is broken by Tom.一般过去时的被动语态一般过去时的被动语态2.the past passive voice结构结构:was/were +过去分词过去分词e.g.Our ancient people built the Great Wall.The Great wall was built by our ancient people.Have a try!Fill in the blank with the right form of the verb given.Their house _(paint)last week.Visitors _(request)not to take photos in this museum.This terrible disease _(spread)in 2003.Students _(tell)to work hard everyday.was paintedare requestedare toldwas spreadedLets find!Please look at the tense used in the sentences you have picked out and think over the following question:What is the structure of the future passive voice?The Future Passive Voice【含义】【含义】表示将要发生的被动动作，后常跟表表示将要发生的被动动作，后常跟表示将来时的时间状语。示将来时的时间状语。【结构】【结构】?Summing upshall/will+dobe+p.p.Shall/will+be+p.p.shall只用于第一人称，will可用于所有人称They will complete the hospital next month.The hospitalwill be completed(by them)next month.Notes：注意下面句型由主动语态变：注意下面句型由主动语态变被动语态的方法。被动语态的方法。1.1.主语主语 +谓语谓语 +宾语宾语主动：We will build a new house next year.被动：A new house will be built(by us)next year.2.2.主语主语 +谓语谓语 +间接宾语间接宾语 +直接宾语直接宾语（含有双宾语的主动语态，在变为被动语态（含有双宾语的主动语态，在变为被动语态时，可将其中一个宾语改为主语，另一个时，可将其中一个宾语改为主语，另一个不变。习惯上把间接宾语改为被动语态的不变。习惯上把间接宾语改为被动语态的主语。）主语。）主动：My mother will give me a T-shirt.被动：I will be given a T-shirt(by my mother).注意：如果把直接宾语改为主语，则在间注意：如果把直接宾语改为主语，则在间接宾语前加接宾语前加toto或或forfor。主动：My mother will give me a T-shirt.被动：A T-shirt will be given to me(by my mother).主动：My mother will buy me a new coat.被动：A new coat will be bought for me(by my mother).3.3.主语主语 +谓语谓语 +宾语宾语 +宾补宾补主动：We will ask him to help you.被动：He will be asked to help you (by us).注意：含有复合宾语的主动句变为被动句注意：含有复合宾语的主动句变为被动句时，将其中的宾语变为主语，宾补不变时，将其中的宾语变为主语，宾补不变（这时的宾补变成主补）。（这时的宾补变成主补一般将来时的被动语态在各种句式中的用法The 31st Olympic Games will be hosted by Rio de Janeiro in the year 2016.否定式：The 31st Olympic Games will not be hosted by Rio de Janeiro in the year 2016.一般疑问式：Will the 31st Olympic Games be hosted by Rio de Janeiro in the year 2016?特殊疑问式：When will the 31st Olympic Games be hosted by Rio de Janeiro?主语+will/shall not be doneWill+主语+be done?特殊疑问词+will+主语+be done?Lets practice!1.The rabbits will eat the carrots.被动形式：被动句的一般疑问句：Will the carrots be eaten by the rabbits?对被动句划线部分提问：What will be eaten by the rabbits?被动句的否定式：The carrots will be eaten by the rabbits.The carrots will not be eaten by the rabbits.practice一般将来时的其他常见的被动语态形式1be going to do sth.be going to be done常用来表示按计划或安排将来要发生的被动动作。The old library is going to be pulled down soon.E.g.:那座旧的图书馆很快要被拆除了。E.g.:他的新书下个月就要出版了。His new book is going to be published next month.2be to do sth.be to be doneYour homework is to be handed in tomorrow.E.g.:你们的家庭作业明天必须要交上来。E.g.:这个任务要在10分钟之内完成。The task is to be finished in ten minutes.3be about to do sth.be about to be done The wall is about to be painted by the worker.E.g.:工人将要去粉刷那堵墙。1.They will give her a gold medal.（被动语态）2.The construction workers are going to put down the old temple.（被动语态）3.We are to repair the machine tomorrow.（被动语态）4.These trees are going to be cut down(否定式）She will be given a gold medal.The old temple is going to be pulled down.The machine is to be repaired by us tomorrow.These trees are not going to be cut downLet us practice5.Many new sport venues will be built for the Olympic Games.(一般疑问句）Will many new sport venues be built for the Olympic Games?6.The sports meeting is to be held on Dec.5.When is the sports meeting to be held?7.The football match is going to be held in our school next week.Where is the football match going to be held next week?Lets summarise！take tell”for exampleI will(shall)You will He/She/It will We will(shall)You/They will be told AffirmativeNegativeI will(shall)You will He/She/It will We will(shall)You/They willbe told notInterrogative Will(Shall)IWill youWill he/she/itWill(Shall)weWill you/theybe told 使用一般将来时的被动语态时应注意以下两点：1在时间、条件状语从句中，应使用现在时表示将来时。同样，应使用现在时的被动语态表示将来时的被动语态。例如：He says he will leave the company if he is punished for this When the dam is completed，the Changjiang River will be controlled 注意事项 2使用一般将来时被动语态时，学生易遗漏被动式中的be。例如：【误】A new film will shown at the cinema next week【误】Is this bridge going to completed before the end of this year？【正】A new film will be shown at the cinema next week【正】Is this bridge going to be completed before the end of this year？被动语态基本用法被动语态基本用法当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由助动词动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成，时态通过过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。表现出来。RevisionThe TV _(turn)on.We are ready to watch TV.A keyboard _(use)for typing information into the computer.The trip to the World Park _(organize)by Mr Wu.The skirts with green and white flowers _(design)by my sister.The little cat _(take)to the animal center.Many reserves _built)in China last year.is turned is used was organized is designed was taken were builtEnglish _(teach)in schools all over the China.Im afraid the trousers of your size _(sell)out.The fire _(put)out by the firemen.My new sweater _(make)of wool.My homework _(check)two hours ago.Thousand of new books _(print)every year in our country.is taught are sold was put is made was checked are printedTom will clean the room tomorrow.主主谓谓宾宾(受动者受动者)The room will be cleanedbyTom tomorrow.His brother washes bowls every day.主主谓谓宾宾(受动者受动者)Bowls are washedbyhis brother every day.A fairy gave princess Laura a magic wand.主主谓谓宾宾1(受动者受动者)宾宾2Princess Laura was given a magic wand by a fairyA magic wandwas given to Princess Lauraby a fairy1.People use knives for cutting things.Knives _ _ for cutting things_ _.2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month.The windows of their classroom_ _ twice a month_ _ _.are usedarecleaned(变被动语态）变被动语态）by peopleby thestudents3.I found the ticket on the floor._ _ _ _ on the floor_ _.4.I told her to return the book in time.She _ _ to return the book in time_ _.The ticket was found was toldby meby me5.His doctor made him have only two meals a day.He _ _ _ _ only two meals a day_ _ _.6.Now people can use computers to help them.Now computers _ _ _ to help them_ _.was made to have can be usedby his doctorby people7.Did you plant many trees at this time last year?_ _ _ _ at this time last year_ _?8.Must we finish our work today?_ our work_ _ today_ _?Were many trees plantedMust be finishedby youby us9.The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps.1)_ _ _ some wonderful stamps_ _ _ _.2)Some wonderful stamps _ _ _ _by the foreign friends.we were given were given to usby t he foreignfriendChange the active voice into the passive voice.1.Millie painted this picture.2.He sells coke in a small shop.3.People grow rice in China.4.He wrote the letter last night.5.Tom took many beautiful photos.This picture was printed by Millie.Coke is sold in a small shop by him.Rice is grown in China(by people).The letter was written last night by him.Many beautiful photos were taken by Tom.1.He is cleaning the classroom.2.They have finished their homework.3.I can mend his bike.4.She will buy ten books tomorrow.5.We shouldnt allow them to go out with their friends.6.The old man often makes us laugh.He has to look after the little baby.主谓宾(受动者)The little baby has to be looked afterbyhim.改为被动语态10.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer.Tom _ _ to turn on the computer.11.In this factory women do most of the work.Most of the work _ _ by women in this factory.was asked is done12.He can mend the bike in two days.The bike _ _ _ in two days.13.You must take this medicine three times a day.This medicine _ _ _ three times a day.can be mended must be taken14.The students in this school study German.German _ _ by the students in this school.15.Do they often talk about this question?_ this question often _ about _ _?is studiedIs talked by them The question was discussed in the meeting room by them.Change the passive voice into the active voice.Theydiscussedthe questionin the meeting room.The rubbish can be put into the dustbin by people over there.Peoplecan put the rubbishinto the dustbin over thereII.将下列句子改成主动语态 1.Metal is used for making machines.（用workers 做主语）_ 2.English is spoken by many people._ 3.The classroom was cleaned .(用the students 做主语)_ 4.These photos were taken on the Great Wall.(用my sister 做主语)_ 5.This song is often sung.(用 the girl 做主语)_ Workers use metal for making machines.Many people speak English.The students cleaned the classroom.My sister took these photos on the Great Wall.The girl often sings the song.6.The dictionary must be taken good care of.(用you作主语)7.A short play will be put on for the English evening.(用she作主语)You must take good care of the dictionary.He will put on a short play for the English evening