高三英语题型专项突破检测2.doc

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A
(2015·重庆一中一诊)Based on new analysis，we are rapidly approaching major climate change and the effects on society and the environment could be quite severe.Geographers predict that within the next eighty years，current world climate zones could shift and some could completely disappear.Polar regions will get colder while tropical regions will get even hotter，forcing animals to migrate迁徙) north.
Climate changes like these could lead to the spread of diseases.Tropical storms and hurricanes will not only increase but may also become more intense.If the changes come too quickly，animal and plant species may not be able to adapt fast enough and could disappear.
According to Science Daily，a new study predicts that by the year 2100，many of today’s familiar climates will be replaced by climates unknown in today’s world.It is urgent that we reduce the risks of these far­reaching consequences for the whole world.The planet itself has been showing signs of change.In 2004，a serious tsunami created by a major earthquake killed thousands in Sumatra and in 2008，thousands died in China because of another severe earthquake.Egypt was hit in 2009 with a major earthquake and Haiti was devastated in 2010 by yet another massive earthquake.
Within just the last few months，new reports from around the world have been coming in and most agree that our climate situation is much worse than previously thought.At this point，it doesn’t matter what is causing it，but rather，what can be done about it.What’s more，our world is getting more and more unstable every year.There is war and threat of war everywhere.Natural disasters are becoming more frequent and serious.
However，other planets are experiencing global warming as well as our own and some scientists believe there may be some connection between this.No one knows anything for sure at this point because there is simply not enough data.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了未来气候的变化对人和动物的生存环境的影响。
1．What is the major function of Paragraph 1?
A．To arouse the reader’s concern.
B．To introduce the theme of the whole passage.
C．To summarize the whole passage.
D．To state how climate changes.
解析：选B。推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“Based on new analysis，we are rapidly approaching major climate change and the effects on society and the environment could be quite severe.”可知，最新研究数据表明，世界的气候变化已经严重地影响了社会和环境。而接下来的几段则是围绕气候变化对社会和环境具体的影响而展开的，由此可推知，第一段主要是介绍文章的主题。故选B项。
2．What is the author’s purpose in using the examples of earthquakes?
A．To show major changes are taking place on the planet.
B．To remind people to prevent future earthquakes.
C．To show the damage earthquakes caused.
D．To tell us more earthquakes will happen in the future.
解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“The planet itself has been showing signs of change.”可知，列举最近地球上所发生的地震是为了说明地球正在发生着重大变化。故选A项。
3．Which of the following is NOT true of climate changes’ effects?
A．Animal and plant species may not be able to adapt fast enough and could disappear.
B．It could lead to the spread of diseases.
C．Current world climate zones could shift and completely disappear.
D．Natural disasters are becoming more frequent and serious.
解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Geographers predict that within the next eighty years，current world climate zones could shift and some could completely disappear.”可知，地理学家预计在未来的八十年中，现在的世界气候带可能会改变，有的可能会完全消失，C项中说世界气候带可能会变化并会完全消失，与文中描述不符，故C项错误；根据第二段第一句“Climate changes like these could lead to the spread of diseases.”可知，B项正确；根据第二段最后一句“If the changes come too quickly，animal and plant species may not be able to adapt fast enough and could disappear.”可知，A项正确；根据倒数第二段最后一句“Natural disasters are becoming more frequent and serious.”可知，D项正确。故选C项。
4．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．Animals and plants won’t die out as long as climate changes slowly.
B．There’s enough data for us to predict the future of climate change.
C．The world is getting more unstable because of animal migration.
D．The earth is not the only planet that is experiencing climate change.
解析：选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“However，other planets are experiencing global warming as well as our own and some scientists believe there may be some connection between this.”可知，地球并不是唯一一个在经历气候变化的星球。故选D项。
B
(2015·扬州、南通、连云港市第二次调研考试)Consumers everywhere are faced with the same dilemma：given limited resources，what sorts of purchases are most likely to produce lasting happiness and satisfaction? Recent research has confirmed that experiential purchases tend to produce greater hedonic (享乐的)gains than material purchases.
The reason why experiences improve with time may be because it is possible to think about experiences in a more abstract manner than possessions.For example，if you think back to a fantastic summer from your youth，you might easily remember an abstract sense of warm sunshine and youthful exuberance(生气勃勃)，but you’re less likely to remember exactly what you did day­by­day.
Material possessions are harder to think about in an abstract sense.The car you bought is still a car，that great new jacket you picked up cheap is still just a jacket.It’s more likely the experience of that summer has taken on a symbolic meaning that can live longer in your memory than a possession.
Purchasing may have a negative impact on happiness because consumers often buy “joyless” material possessions，resulting in comfort but not pleasure.In general，people adapt to experiences more slowly than to material purchase.This can be seen in both negative and positive purchases：hedonic adaptation would result in a positive experience causing more happiness but a negative experience causing less happiness than the comparable material purchase with the same initial happiness level.
Experience，however，seems to be more resistant to these sorts of unfavourable comparisons.It is because of the unique nature of experience.It’s more difficult to make an unfavourable comparison when there is nothing directly comparable.After all，each of our youthful summers is different.
It’s well established that social comparisons can have a huge effect on how we view what might seem like positive events.One striking example is the finding that people prefer to earn $50，000 a year while everyone else earns $25，000，instead of earning $100，000 themselves and having other people earn $200，000.
A similar effect is seen for possessions.When there are so many flat­screen HD TVs to choose from，it’s easy to make unfavourable comparisons between our choice and the others available.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。该文章主要介绍了现在流行的实验购物的优点和可行性。
5．An abstract sense in the passage refers to awareness of something ________．
A．you cannot think about
B．you can’t remember well
C．you cannot understand
D．you cannot see or touch
解析：选D。推理判断题。根据文章第二段的if you think back to a fantastic summer from your youth，you might easily remember an abstract sense of warm sunshine and youthful exuberance(生气勃勃)，but you’re less likely to remember exactly what you did day­by­day.可知抽象感是看不见、摸不着的。故选D。
6．If you make an experiential purchase before a material purchase，you may go to___．
A．a theatre before going to a store
B．an exhibition before going to a park
C．a mall before going to a grocer’s
D．a market before going to a restaurant
解析：选A。推理判断题。根据文章第四段的In general，people adapt to experiences more slowly than to material purchase.可知你应该购物前去体验店体验一下。故选A。
7．The example of earnings is given to actually indicate________．
A．how ridiculous people are
B．how people feel content
C．how nearsighted people are
D．how people hold prejudice
解析：选B。推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中的关键词prefer，说明人们挣多少钱表示人们获得多大的满足感。故选B。
8．It is implied in the passage that，after their material purchases，people might________．
A．enjoy their ownership of what they have bought
B．pick every fault in the products they have got
C．regret making a wrong decision to buy the items
D．leave what they’ve purchased untouched at home
解析：选C。细节理解题。根据文章第四段的第一句话Purchasing may have a negative impact on happiness because consumers often buy “joyless” material possessions，resulting in comfort but not pleasure.可知购买实物后人们总是后悔自己的决定。故选C。
C
(2015·扬州、南通、连云港市第二次调研考试)
Dear Textual Healing，
I would be very interested in your recommendations for any books to help me through a difficult time of my life.At 57，I am feeling a bit lost.I have a wonderful，loving husband and bright，caring teenage daughter but I am lonely and have lost my spark for life.
I have always taken care of everyone and managed a career，but，after the death of my father this summer，my difficulties as a child in a terribly abnormal family have come back to me regularly.I have become unfocused and often alone while my husband is away frequently on business and my daughter busy with school and friends.
I am seeking the help of a therapist and taking care of myself but I would love to read something to help me “get my groove (理想状况)back” and reengage with life.
PC
Dear PC，
From the letter you’ve given us about your life，it’s no wonder you’re feeling a little lost.But before prescribing titles to help you get your groove back，I’d recommend taking a journey into Rebecca Solnit’s non­fiction book，A Field Guide to Getting Lost，which is packed with the wisdom of everyone from Pat Barker to Thoreau and Keats.
The word lost is rooted in the Old Norse “los”，meaning the disbanding of an army.“This origin suggests soldiers falling out of formation to go home，ceasing fighting with the wide world.I worry now that many people never disband their armies，never go beyond what they know，” Solnit writes.So instead of fearing that lost feeling，try seeing its potential for discovery.Explorers，remember，are always lost simply because they’re forever someplace new.
“Leave the door open for the unknown，the door into the dark，” Solnit advises.“That’s where the most important things come from，where you yourself came from，and where you will go.”
For something that asks a little less of the reader while still giving plenty in return，try a dose(一剂) of Anne Tyler，the beloved creator of numerous heroes whose serious conditions will move anyone who finds themselves in a midlife difficult situation.One such character is 53­year­old Rebecca Davitch，the heroine of Back When We Were Grownups.Like you，she’s combined marriage and motherhood with a career but suddenly finds herself feeling lonely in her own home.Could it be，she wonders，that she’s “turned into the wrong person”？Don’t be fooled by the way this novel ambles along—as Rebecca revisits youthful ambitions and the college boyfriend she abandoned，it asks some heart­rending questions before arriving at a place of graceful，joyous acceptance.
Along similar lines，I’m also going to recommend The Unlikely Pilgrimage of Harold Fry by Rachel Joyce.Its hero is 65 when he learns that a former colleague sick.On his way to post her a note，he decides instead to visit her— on foot，from his home in deepest Devon to England’s northernmost town，more than 600 miles away.You don’t manage that without focus！It’s a journey to a holy place that will take him 87 days to complete，during which he considers his childhood，marriage and relationship with his son，and becomes an accidental media sensation (轰动)．By the time he reaches his destination，you’ll feel anything but tired.
Finally，Ruth Ozeki’s novel A Tale for the Time Being will charm the missing spark back into your life.Combining the diary of a sad Tokyo teenager with the story of the middle­aged novelist who finds it，washed ashore on a remote island off the coast of British Columbia，it’s a beautiful illustration of how our lives touch—and are touched by—others in ways we mightn’t even be aware of.This Man Booker Prize finalist has plenty to teach about Zen Buddhism，and unless you happen to live in one of its settings，it provides a bracing change of scene，too.
One other suggestion：books，as we all know，make great companions but that doesn’t mean they can’t be enjoyed in the company of others.If you find yourself home alone，why not slip one into your back pack and head out to a favourite café.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇书信文阅读。该文章以PC向心理医生的求助来引出主题，以书信的方式推荐几本能够帮助人们摆脱孤独的书籍。
9．What has mainly led to PC’s negative attitude to life?
A．The lack of helpful books.
B．The blow of her father’s death.
C．The contrast between her devotion to others and her being ignored.
D．The contrast between her easy life and her family members busy life.
解析：选C。推理判断题。根据文章PC部分的I have always taken care of everyone and managed a career，but，after the death of my father this summer，my difficulties as a child in a terribly abnormal family have come back to me regularly.I have become unfocused and often alone while my husband is away frequently on business and my daughter busy with school and friends.可知她对家人投入很多，但当她失去父亲时丈夫和孩子都忽略了她，她的心理不平衡，所以就迷失了方向。故选C。
10．By mentioning the origin of the word lost，Textual Healing implies that________．
A．PC should extend her knowledge by reading more
B．PC should stop struggling with anyone around her
C．PC had better try to avoid going someplace new
D．PC oughtn’t to be trapped in her present situation
解析：选D。推理判断题。根据文章Textual Healing部分的第一段中的I’d recommend taking a journey into Rebecca Solnit’s non­fiction book，A Field Guide to Getting Lost，which is packed with the wisdom of everyone from Pat Barker to Thoreau and Keats.及第二段中的Explorers，remember，are always lost simply because they’re forever someplace new.可知建议换换环境，不要老是困在目前的处境中。故选D。
11．Who clarifies the idea in his/her work that people are socially related?
A．Rebecca Solnit.　　　　　 B．Anne Tyler.
C．Rachel Joyce. D．Ruth Ozeki.
解析：选D。细节理解题。根据通读文章的倒数第二段，并根据首句Finally，Ruth Ozeki’s novel A Tale for the Time Being will charm the missing spark back into your life，及it’s a beautiful illustration of how our lives touch—and are touched by—others in ways we mightn’t even be aware of.是Ruth Ozeki在自己的作品中分享了这种观点。故选D。
12．Which of the following can be the proper title?
A．Which books will cure loneliness?
B．How can you get rid of loneliness?
C．Here are good examples for you
D．Books will keep you busy and healthy
解析：选A。标题归纳题。通读全文可知这位心理医生主要想通过介绍几本书来帮助PC治疗孤独症。故选A。

沁园春·雪 <毛泽东>
北国风光，千里冰封，万里雪飘。
望长城内外，惟余莽莽；
大河上下，顿失滔滔。
山舞银蛇，原驰蜡象，
欲与天公试比高。
须晴日，看红装素裹，分外妖娆。
江山如此多娇，引无数英雄竞折腰。
惜秦皇汉武，略输文采；
唐宗宋祖，稍逊风骚。
一代天骄，成吉思汗，
只识弯弓射大雕。
俱往矣，数风流人物，还看今朝。
薄雾浓云愁永昼， 瑞脑消金兽。