1、英语共有十六个时态 四个大体 (主:四个体为——一般、进行、完成、完成进行.) 下面用表格的形式给大家罗列出来,便于大家记忆 定义 时间状语 结构 一般疑问句 否定句形式 1、一般现在时 经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。 often, usually, always, sometimes, every day(week,month), once a week, on Mondays, etc。 1。be动词 2。行为动词 主语+be+其他 1。把动词be放于句首。 2.用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does
2、同时还原为动词原形。 1.am/is/are+not 2.此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don’t;若主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn’t,同时还原行为动词。 2、现在进行时 表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作或状态。 now, at this time, these days, etc. 主语+am/ is/ are +doing 把be动词放在句首。 主语+am/ is/ are +not +doing 3、一般过去时 过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态; 过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。 ago, yesterday, last week(month, ye
3、ar…), in 2000, just now, one day, long long ago, etc. 1。 was/were 2。行为动词过去式 1.把was或 were放于句首。 2。用助动词did提问,同时还原为动词原形。 1.主语+was/were+ not 2。 在行为动词前加do在其前加didn’t,同时还原行为动词。 4、过去进行时 表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的动作或行为。 at this time yesterday或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。 主语+was/ were+ doing 把was或wer
4、e放在句首。 主语+was/ were+ not+ doing 5、现在完成时 过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的一向或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。 already, yet, just, ever, never, before, recently,in the past few years, 等,及由for或since引导的时间状语。 have/ has +done 把have或has放在句首。 have/ has +not+ done 6、一般将来时 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。 tomorrow,tomorrow
5、morning/afternoon, the day after tomorrow ,next Sunday/week/year/month, soon, in a few days minutes, etc 1.be going to +do2。will /shall+do 1。be放在句首。2。will/shall提到句首。 1.be going to+not+ do 2。will /shall+not+ do 7、过去完成时 表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作或情况。表示“过去的过去” by, before等构成的过去时间短语连用或用于when, before
6、 until等引导的从句中。由said, asked, told, thought等引导的宾语从句中, had+ done had放于句首。 had+ not+ done 8、过去将来时 表示在过去的某个时候看来将要发生的动作或者存在的状态。 The next day(morning, year), the following month (week),etc。 1。would+do 2。was/ were going to +do 1。would 提到句首。 2.was 或were放于句首。 1.would+not+ do 2。was/were +not+
7、going to +do 9、一般过去将来时 立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中 The next day(morning, Year) The following month (week) etc 1,Was/were+going to+do 2,would/should+do+其他 Was/were放于句首,would/should提到句首 1,Was/were+not+going to+do 2,would/should+not+do 10、过去将来进行时 就过去某一时间而言,将来某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作,主要用于宾语从句中,多用于间接
8、引语 Shoud/would+be+现在分词 例句:They said they would be coming He said he could not come because he would be having a meeting 11、将来完成时 在将来某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态 By the time of,by the end of+时间短语(将来) by the time+从句(将来) 主语+be going to/will/shall+shall+have+p,p(过去分词)+其他 例句:By the time you get back,
9、great changes will have taken place in this area 12、过去将来完成时 过去某一时间对将来某一时刻以前所会发生的动作,常用在虚拟语气中,表示与过去的事实相反 Should/would have done sth 例句:I thought you'd have left by this time He told them he would have finished it by 8 o'clock 13、现在完成进行时 从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在的动作,这一动作可能刚刚开始,也可能仍然在继续,并可能延续到将来 Si
10、nce+时间点, for+时间段 Hanv/has+been+doing+其他 例句:I have been sitting here for an hour The children have been watching TV since six o’clock。 14、过去完成进行时 某正在进行的动作或状态,持续到过去某个时刻,还未完成,一直持续到之后的当前才结束 特殊含义:1,尚未完成:He had been writing the novel他已经在写小说了(他没写完) 2,企图:He had been studying the meaning of thi
11、s proverb他曾今学习过这个谚语(他曾经努力学习过他) 3,未得结果:We had been studying what our enemy had said 我们一直致力于敌人所说的(但是我们没有理解) had+been+doing+其他 4,最近情况:He had been quarrelling with his wife。他和他的妻子吵了一场架.(最近) 5,反复动作:He had been asking me the same question.他一直问我相同的问题(屡次) 例句:She had been suffering from a bad col
12、d when she took the exam Had they been expecting the news for some time? 6,情绪:What had he been doing?他做了什么(不耐烦) 15、将来完成时 表示动作从某一时间开始一直延续到将来某一时间。是否继续下去,要视上下文而定。 Shall/will have been doing 例句:I shall have been working here in this factory for twenty years by the end of the year 16、过去将来完成时 表示从过去某时看至未来某时以前会一直在进行的动作。 Should/would+have+been+现在分词 例句:He told me that by the end of the year he would have been living there for thirty years。






