牛津译林版英语8上-Unit4-Do-it-yourself单元重难点归纳.doc

8上Unit4重难点归纳 Do it yourself一 单词复习(A) 易拼错单词instruction指示 finished完成 rope绳索 crazy着迷的，狂热的once曾经，一度(过去时) mistake错误，失误 course课程；过程 already已经 sentence句子 grape葡萄 strawberry草莓spoon匙，调羹 example例子；榜样 balloon气球 paint颜料(B) 词形变化（标出词性，说出区别，强化记忆）brush-brushes shelf-shelves不可数名词 glue electricity furniture (a piece of furniture) ham salad本身为复数名词 scissors( a pair of scissors) pants clothes shorts意思决定可数还是不可数 tape 胶带（不可数），磁带（可数）spell spelling paint-paintingexactly-exact terrible-terribly correct-correctly fortable- fortably clear-clearly proper-properlycut-cutleave-leftstick-stuck put-put buy-bought spell-spelled / speltactive-inactive correct incorrect plete-inplete direct-indirect possible-impossibleproper-improper polite-impolite patient-impatient usefuluseless careful- carelessabove-There are clouds above the plane. （反义词：below） over- There is a bridge over the river. （反义词：under）decorate 动词，修饰，装饰。名词形式decoration. 常见词组decoratewith 用装饰instead与instead ofa. instead 意为代替，替代，作副词用，通常位于句尾。如位于句首，常用逗号与后面隔开。b. Instead of是介宾短语，后面一般跟名词、代词、介词、短语、动词-ing形式。Eg: Lily isnt here. Ask Lucy _.Ill go _ her.二重点短语及句子用法1. had better get some tools最好拿一些工具 had better not paint it blue最好别将它涂成蓝色had better do sth/had better not do sth (had不能改为have或has, 对上级或长辈不宜用) 2. fail to do sth 做某事失败 fail to pass the exam = fail in the exam 考试失败3. cut out pieces of card with a pair of scissors剪出- cut some of the larger fruit into small pieces把-切成-4. tidy up收拾妥，整理好 tidy it up5. keep it secret保密 keep secrets for someone else为别人保守秘密 keep secrets to oneself 自己保守秘密6. go wrong弄错，犯错，（机器）出故障 go bad/missing turn brown get lost7. keep doing 持续不断做某事 有时也用 keep on doing continue to do/doing sth go on to do/doing sth 8. take time =take a long time 费时 Sometimes itll take time to do a DIY job.9.be crazy about sth./be crazy about doing sth对某事痴迷/ 痴迷于做某事 drive someone crazy/mad使某人发狂10. make sure 确保，保证 make sure to do/make sure that11. stop doing sth. 停止做某事 stop to do sth. 停下来去做另外的事儿12. be crazy about sth./be crazy about doing sth对某事痴迷/ 痴迷于做某事 drive someone crazy/mad使某人发狂13. look terrible看上去可怕 terribly busy相当忙14. fill the room with water 房间充满了水fillwith用填充be filled with-/be full of-15. paint it blue把它涂成蓝色 paint /colour （v.给-着色）sth. + 颜色16. One., the other. 两者（一个 另一个） Another 不限定数量（另个一）17. look as good as it tastes看上去跟它尝起来一样好吃 taste v./n. tasty adj.18get sth. ready把准备好 prepare for sth. / prepare to do sth. 19some time 一段时间 sometime某时 some times几次 sometimes 有时 20stay at home all day整天呆在家里 all day = the whole day 整天21next door在隔壁 隔壁的邻居 the neighbour next door22have fun working together -起工作很开心have fun/have a good time/enjoy oneself doing sth 23. No problem. 没问题A. 用于回答感谢B. 用于回答道歉C. 表示同意或愉快地回答请求D. 表示有能力做某事，意为“没问题，不在话下”24. Its time的用法Its time to do sth.该做某事了。Its time for sth. 该做某事了25. know everything about it 知道关于它的一切 know much more about DIY 关于自己动手做，知道多得多26.It says,“Do it yourself.” Say 表报纸，杂志，标志牌或说明书上写着。27.What do you need for that ? 做那个你需要什么 ？28. I am reading all the books myself and attending lessons every Saturday.我每周六一直在独自阅读所有的书并且上课。attend意为“参加，出席”。通常用作及物动词，其宾语通常是meeting，party，show，wedding，class，lecture，school，church，lesson等以及类似具有“活动”意义的名词。如：Did you attend the meeting yesterday?你昨天去开会了吗？attend lessons/the meeting join the Reading Club join in /take part in the activity29.They couldnt stay there because one end of the shelf was much higher than the other.书无法摆在上面，因为架子的一端比另一端要高得多。 “副词much+形容词比较级”体现比较的程度。类似的表达还有much bigger(大得多)，much more(多得多)，much more beautiful(漂亮得多)等。30. pay some money for something （paid） 为某物付钱 pay someone to do something 付钱给某人做某事sb. spend sm. on sth. (spent) 某人花-钱在某方面 sb spend sm. doing sth. 某人花-钱做某事sth. cost sb. sm. (cost) 某物花费某人-钱(doing) sth. costs (sb.) 时间,某物（做某事）花了（某人）多少时间It takes/took sb some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间。doing sth. takes sb. 时间,做某事花了某人多少时间。Eg:I _ two hours on this maths problem.A new puter _ a lot of money.Repairing this car _him the whole afternoon.31. advise-advice _ sb (not) to do sth give sb some _/suggestions(on sth)32. leave leave sth at sp leave it in the air (行动上忘记) forget to do/doing sth(思想上忘记) I _ my English book at home this moring.33. make a mistake / make mistakes 犯错(mistook) mistake-for- 把-误认为- Eg:She _ him _ the professor.34. put up 张贴/搭建/进行 put on穿上（衣服等） put-away-整理，收拾 put off 推迟，耽搁 put in 安装,插话 put -into -将注入- Eg:He took down the old picture and _ the new one. The meeting has been _because of the rain.You can do anything well if you_ your heart _ it.35. 需要（实义） sb need sth /to do sth. sth need doing/to be done 需要（情态） sb neednt do sthEg;The garden needs _(water).Does heneed _(go) so soon?36谓语就近原则：not onlybut(also)不仅而且；和都 either-or-/neither-nor-(两者)谓语复数： both-and-Eg:When the girl is happy, she either （sing）or ( dance). Neither dad nor mum （be）at home today.Not only Tom but also his classmates （be）working hard.Both she and I （be）good at English.37.Here are clear instructions.这儿有很清楚的说明。这句是个倒装句型。在英语中当句子以一些副词there，here，so等开头时，常需倒装。倒装句可分为两种类型：全部倒装和部分倒装。当主语是指物的名词时，采用全部倒装；当主语是人称代词时，则用部分倒装。如：There (go) the bell.铃响了。Here (e) the bus.公共汽车来了。注意：以there，here引导的倒装句，其谓语动词的“单复数”采用“就近原则”。如：Here (be)a boy and two young men in the room.一个男孩和两个年轻人在房间里。38 Mix them together. Add some salad cream if you like.把它们混合在一起。如果你喜欢的话，可以加一些沙拉酱。(1) mix可作及物动词或不及物动词。它的名词形式是mixture；形容词形式是mixed。如：Oil and water dont .油与水不相融。Dont try business with pleasure.不要把正事和娱乐混在一起。mix-mixed a _ schoolmix with把东西混合起来；mix up 弄混，误认为是(2) add意为“增加”。常与介词t0连用，即addto，意为“把加到中去；往中加”。如：If you 4 to 6，you get 10.4加6等于10。add还表示“补充（说道）”，即“又说；继续说”。如：Mother that we must get back as soon as possible.妈妈接着又说我们必须尽早回来。三、语法复习1祈使句。祈使句表示命令、警告、提醒、建议、请求、叮嘱、号召等，谓语动词用原形，其否定形式就是在句首加Dont。祈使句一般有四种类型：(1)行为动词类型：Open the door，please!请把门打开！Dont open the door，please!请不要开门！(2)以let开头的祈使句：Let me go there.让我去那儿吧。(3)“Be+形容词”类型：Be careful! 小心！(4)“No+名词动名词”类型：No smoking! 禁止吸烟!(5)祈使句的反义疑问句的简略疑问句，一般用will you?但是Lets.句型后加shall we?2用should，had better等提建议。 (1) Would you likelove(to do) sth.?这是一个很委婉的表示建议的句型，并带有与对方商量的意味，意为“你想要（做）吗？”。(2) Shall Iwe do sth？此句型是用来提建议或征求对方意见的，意为“我（们）做好吗？”，语气委婉，商量的语气较浓。(3)Lets do sth.当你觉得可以直截了当地向对方提出建议，让对方和自己一起去做某事时，常用该句型，意为“咱们做吧。”该句型后常加附加问句“shall we?”，使语气更加委婉。(4)主语+had better (not) do sth.该句型用于表示对下级、晚辈的劝告，往往带有命令、强制的语气，意为“某人最好（不要）做某事”。(5) Why dont you/we do sth.？表示向对方提出一种建议或询问某种原因，暗含有责备对方的意思，意为“为什么不？”。(6) What/How about (doing) sth.?如果是在讨论式的谈话中，可用该句型提出一个建议或引出一个新话题。(7) You should (not) do.,此句型意为“你（不）应该做”。should的语气比had better要委婉。Exercise( ) 1. Jim, _ me a hand. A. gives B. is giving C. will give D. give( ) 2. _ careful, Jenny! There is a tree in front of you. A. Am B. / C. Be D. Was( ) 3. Please _ do it. A. he B. let him C. let he D. him( ) 4. _ let anyone open the door. A. Dont B. Will C. Not D. No( ) 5. Dont be late again. Sorry, _. A. I may B. I must C. I will D. I wont( ) 6. Call me when you get home. OK, _. A. I must B. I can C. I will D. I may( ) 7. Dont tell him the fact now, _?A. shall we B. shall you C. will you D. do you( ) 8. Lets finish the work all by ourselves, _? A. shall we B. will you C. do you D. do we( ) 9. Please turn on the light, _? A. are you B. shall we C. shall I D. will you( ) 10.Youhadbetter _ a course in DIY. A.totake B.taking C.totaking D.take 四语篇复习(A)ReadingSuzys cousin Andrew is crazy about DIY. He loves to repair things and decorate his house. But when he finishes, the house always looks t_! He once tried to put in a brighter light in his bedroom, but he made a m_. Then his whole house had a power c_. Another time, he wanted to put up a picture on his bedroom wall, but he h_ a pipe and filled the room with water. Last month, he thought the living room in his house was boring, so he p_ it blue. His mum said, “Stop it.” But he k_on painting. Now the loving room not only has blue walls but also a blue ceiling and f_. Even his cat is blue now!When I wanted a shelf above my bed, he said, “No p_!” He then spent five hours putting up the shelf on the wall. Then I put my books on the shelf. Whoops! They couldn t s_ there because one end of the shelf was much h_ than the other!Yet Andrew says he already knows everything about DIY.(B)书面表达以My first DIY job 为题，用英语写一篇短文,词数100个左右。内容必须包括以下要点，但不要逐条翻译，可以适当发挥。要点；1.赶在妈妈生日到来之前，我决定自己为她做一个生日 音乐盒。我在艾米的家做的因为我想对此加以保密。 2.花了一周时间才完成，在制作期间曾出错。 Amy帮助我制作音乐盒。 我们很高兴在一起合作。 3.最后，我将一朵真玫瑰贴在音乐盒盖子上。 打开盒子后，妈妈就能听到生日歌。 4.这就是我的第一件DIY 制品，希望妈妈喜欢它， 妈妈高兴，我更高兴。Sample writingMy first DIY jobMy mothers birthday is ing, so I decided to make her a birthday music box by myself. I went to Amys home to make it because I wanted to keep it secret.Amy helped me make the music box. We had fun working together. It took me a week to finish. Lots of things went wrong during that time.Finally, I stuck a real rose on the cover of the music box. After my mother opened it, she would hear the birthday song.This is my first DIY job I made for Mum. I hope she will like it .Mum is happy, and I will be happier.五四会内容(A)短语 1. 代表；象征 stand for2. 阅读说明 read the instructions 3. 装饰他的家 decorate his house4. 听起来可爱sound lovely5. 一把剪刀a pair of scissors6. 安装一盏更明亮的灯put in a brighter light7. 他的整个房子 his whole house8. 还有一次another time9. 在墙上挂幅画put up a picture on the wall10. 击中水管hit a pipe11. 想在床上方搁个架子want a shelf above the bed12. 把书放架子上put the books on the shelf13. 为某人买某物buy sb. sth=buy sth for sb.14. 建议我好好休息 advise me to have a good rest15. 使他生气make him angry16. 安装电灯失败 fail to put in a light17. 碰触未干的颜料/油漆touch the wet paint18. 用造句make a sentence with 19. 戒烟 give up smoking20. 记事情记得更好remember things better21. 懂一点有关DIY的事know a little about DIY22. 如此多的书so many books 23. 如此多的食物 so much food24. 加入DIY俱乐部join a DIY club25. 做DIY工作do a DIY job 26. 做水果沙拉的提示tips for making a fruit salad27. 在卡片的另一面 on the other side of the card28如此多的书 so many books29上学迟到 be late for school30做一份水果沙拉 make a fruit salad31. 时令水果 fruit in season 32. 不同颜色的水果 fruit of different colours33. 把它们混合起来 mix them together34 例如for example / such as35. 把它置于空气中一段时间leave it in the air for some time36. 做室外运动 do outdoor sports37. 停止踢足球 stop playing football38. 挑选一块面包pick a piece of bread39. 一项完成的工作a finished job40. 遍及整个地板，一地的 all over the floor41. 整理好房间tidy up the room=tidy the room up42. 一张画有五颜六色气球的图画a picture of colourful balloons43. 决定做某事 decide to do sth44. 计划做某事 plan to do sth(B)句子1. 这儿有清楚的指示。Here are clear instructions.2. 你最好认真听老师讲。Youd better listen to the teacher carefully. 3. 你最好上学不要迟到。 Youd better not be late for school.4. DIY 代表什么？ What does DIY stand for?5. 我将自己装饰我的房间而不是付钱给人做. I will decorate my room myself instead of paying someone to do it.6. 我明天将踢足球而不是呆在家.(2种) I will play football instead of staying at home.= I wont stay at home, instead, I will play football.7. 当他完成的时候,房子总是看上去很糟糕. When he finishes, the house always looks terrible.8. 他用水装满了他的瓶子。 He filled his bottle with water.9. 不仅我，而且我的妹妹都痴迷于看电视。 Not only I but also my sister is crazy about watching TV.10. 请为我修理这个书架。 Please fix the shelf for me.11 请不要把猫涂成蓝色。Dont paint the cat blue.12. 你应该耐心点。You should be patient.13. 你不应该把这么多书放在架子上。 You should not put so many books on the shelf.14. 确保你的水果沙拉.看上去和尝起来一样好。Make sure your fruit salad looks as good as it tastes.15. 我决定独自为我的母亲做一张生日卡。 I decided to make my mother a birthday card by myself.16、我计划用一些玫瑰做这张卡片。 I planned to make the card with some roses.17、我们一起工作很有乐趣。 We had fun working together.18、我不断地把单词拼错。 I kept spelling the words wrong .19、这是我给母亲做的第一张卡片。 This is the first card I made for Mum.20、 我希望她将会喜欢这张卡片。 I hope she will like this card.