牛津译林版英语8上-Unit4-Do-it-yourself单元重难点归纳.doc

8上Unit4重难点归纳 Do it yourself
一． 单词复习
(A) 易拼错单词
instruction指示 finished完成 rope绳索 crazy着迷的，狂热的
once曾经，一度(过去时) mistake错误，失误 course课程；过程
already已经 sentence句子 grape葡萄 strawberry草莓
spoon匙，调羹 example例子；榜样 balloon气球 paint颜料
(B) 词形变化（标出词性，说出区别，强化记忆）
brush-brushes shelf-shelves
不可数名词 glue electricity furniture (a piece of furniture) ham salad
本身为复数名词 scissors( a pair of scissors) pants clothes shorts…
意思决定可数还是不可数 tape 胶带（不可数），磁带（可数）
spell –spelling paint-painting
exactly-exact terrible-terribly correct-correctly
fortable- fortably clear-clearly proper-properly
cut-cut leave-left stick-stuck put---put
buy---bought spell---spelled / spelt
active-inactive correct –incorrect plete-inplete direct-indirect
possible-impossible proper-improper polite-impolite patient-impatient
useful—useless careful-- careless
above----There are clouds above the plane. （反义词：below）
over----- There is a bridge over the river. （反义词：under）
decorate 动词，修饰，装饰。名词形式decoration.
常见词组decorate…with 用…装饰
instead与instead of
a. instead 意为代替，替代，作副词用，通常位于句尾。如位于句首，常用逗号与后面隔开。
b. Instead of是介宾短语，后面一般跟名词、代词、介词、短语、动词-ing形式。
Eg: Lily isn’t here. Ask Lucy ____________.
I’ll go _____________ her.
二．重点短语及句子用法
1. had better get some tools最好拿一些工具
had better not paint it blue最好别将它涂成蓝色
had better do sth/had better not do sth
(had不能改为have或has, 对上级或长辈不宜用)
2. fail to do sth 做某事失败 fail to pass the exam = fail in the exam 考试失败
3. cut out pieces of card with a pair of scissors剪出----
cut some of the larger fruit into small pieces把------切成-------
4. tidy up收拾妥，整理好 tidy it up
5. keep it secret保密
keep secrets for someone else为别人保守秘密
keep secrets to oneself 自己保守秘密
6. go wrong弄错，犯错，（机器）出故障
go bad/missing turn brown get lost
7. keep doing 持续不断做某事 有时也用 keep on doing
continue to do/doing sth go on to do/doing sth
8. take time =take a long time 费时
Sometimes it’ll take time to do a DIY job.
9.be crazy about sth./be crazy about doing sth对某事痴迷/ 痴迷于做某事
drive someone crazy/mad使某人发狂
10. make sure 确保，保证
make sure to do/make sure that
11. stop doing sth. 停止做某事 stop to do sth. 停下来去做另外的事儿
12. be crazy about sth./be crazy about doing sth对某事痴迷/ 痴迷于做某事
drive someone crazy/mad使某人发狂
13. look terrible看上去可怕 terribly busy相当忙
14. fill the room with water 房间充满了水
fill…with…用……填充……
be filled with----/be full of---
15. paint it blue把它涂成蓝色 paint /colour （v.给------着色）sth. + 颜色
16. One..., the other... 两者（一个 另一个）
Another… 不限定数量（另个一）
17. look as good as it tastes看上去跟它尝起来一样好吃
taste v./n. tasty adj
18．get sth. ready把……准备好
prepare for sth. / prepare to do sth.
19．some time 一段时间 sometime某时 some times几次 sometimes 有时
20．stay at home all day整天呆在家里
all day = the whole day 整天
21．next door在隔壁
隔壁的邻居 the neighbour next door
22．have fun working together -起工作很开心
have fun/have a good time/enjoy oneself doing sth
23. No problem. 没问题
A. 用于回答感谢
B. 用于回答道歉
C. 表示同意或愉快地回答请求
D. 表示有能力做某事，意为“没问题，不在话下”
24. It’s time的用法
It’s time to do sth.该做某事了。
It’s time for sth. 该做某事了
25. know everything about it 知道关于它的一切
know much more about DIY 关于自己动手做，知道多得多
26.It says,“Do it yourself.” Say 表报纸，杂志，标志牌或说明书上写着。
27.What do you need for that ? 做那个你需要什么 ？
28. I am reading all the books myself and attending lessons every Saturday.我每周六一直在独自阅读所有的书并且上课。
attend意为“参加，出席”。通常用作及物动词，其宾语通常是meeting，party，show，wedding，class，lecture，school，church，lesson等以及类似具有“活动”意义的名词。如：
Did you attend the meeting yesterday?
你昨天去开会了吗？
attend lessons/the meeting
join the Reading Club join in /take part in the activity
29.They couldn’t stay there because one end of the shelf was much higher than the other.书无法摆在上面，因为架子的一端比另一端要高得多。
“副词much+形容词比较级”体现比较的程度。类似的表达还有much bigger(大得多)，much more(多得多)，much more beautiful(漂亮得多)等。
30. pay some money for something （paid） 为某物付钱
pay someone to do something 付钱给某人做某事
sb. spend sm. on sth. (spent) 某人花---钱在某方面
sb spend sm. doing sth. 某人花----钱做某事
sth. cost sb. sm. (cost) 某物花费某人---钱
(doing) sth. costs (sb.) ＋时间,某物（做某事）花了（某人）多少时间
It takes/took sb some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间。
doing sth. takes sb. ＋时间,做某事花了某人多少时间。
Eg:I _____ two hours on this maths problem.
A new puter _______ a lot of money.
Repairing this car ________him the whole afternoon.
31. advise-advice _______ sb (not) to do sth
give sb some /suggestions(on sth)
32. leave leave sth at sp leave it in the air (行动上忘记)
forget to do/doing sth(思想上忘记)
I ______ my English book at home this moring.
33. make a mistake / make mistakes 犯错(mistook)
mistake---for--- 把------误认为------
Eg:She ______ him ______ the professor.
34. put up 张贴/搭建/进行 put on穿上（衣服等） put---away---整理，收拾
put off 推迟，耽搁 put in 安装,插话 put ---into ---将…注入---
Eg:He took down the old picture and ________ the new one.  
  The meeting has been _________because of the rain.
You can do anything well if you________ your heart ________ it.
35. 需要（实义） sb need sth /to do sth. sth need doing/to be done
需要（情态） sb needn’t do sth
Eg;The garden needs ___________(water). 
Does he need ____________(go) so soon?
36．谓语就近原则：not only…but(also)不仅……而且……；……和……都
either---or-/neither---nor---(两者)
谓语复数： both---and---
Eg:When the girl is happy, she either （sing）or ( dance).
Neither dad nor mum （be）at home today.
Not only Tom but also his classmates （be）working hard.
Both she and I （be）good at English.
37.Here are clear instructions.这儿有很清楚的说明。
这句是个倒装句型。在英语中当句子以一些副词there，here，so等开头时，常需倒装。倒装句可分为两种类型：全部倒装和部分倒装。当主语是指物的名词时，采用全部倒装；当主语是人称代词时，则用部分倒装。如：
There (go) the bell.铃响了。
Here (e) the bus.公共汽车来了。
注意：以there，here引导的倒装句，其谓语动词的“单复数”采用“就近原则”。如：Here (be)a boy and two young men in the room.
一个男孩和两个年轻人在房间里。
38 Mix them together. Add some salad cream if you like.把它们混合在一起。如果你喜欢的话，可以加一些沙拉酱。
(1) mix可作及物动词或不及物动词。它的名词形式是mixture；形容词形式是mixed。如：
Oil and water don't .油与水不相融。
Don't try business' with pleasure.
不要把正事和娱乐混在一起。
mix-mixed a ______ school
mix with把东西混合起来；mix up 弄混，误认为……是
(2) add意为“增加”。常与介词t0连用，即add…to…，意为“把……加到……中去；往……中加…．”。如：
If you 4 to 6，you get 10.4加6等于10。
add还表示“补充（说道）”，即“又说；继续说”。如：
Mother that we must get back as soon as possible.
妈妈接着又说我们必须尽早回来。
三、语法复习
1．祈使句。
祈使句表示命令、警告、提醒、建议、请求、叮嘱、号召等，谓语动词用原形，其否定形式就是在句首加Don't。祈使句一般有四种类型：
(1)行为动词类型：Open the door，please!请把门打开！
Don't open the door，please!请不要开门！
(2)以let开头的祈使句：Let me go there.让我去那儿吧。
(3)“Be+形容词”类型：Be careful! 小心！
(4)“No+名词／动名词”类型：No smoking! 禁止吸烟!
(5)祈使句的反义疑问句的简略疑问句，一般用will you?
但是Let’s….句型后加shall we?
2．用should，had better等提建议。
(1) Would you like／love(to do) sth.?
这是一个很委婉的表示建议的句型，并带有与对方商量的意味，
意为“你想要（做）……吗？”。
(2) Shall I／we do sth．？
此句型是用来提建议或征求对方意见的，意为“我（们）做……好吗？”，语气委婉，商量的语气较浓。
(3)Let's do sth.
当你觉得可以直截了当地向对方提出建议，让对方和自己一起去做某事时，常用该句型，意为“咱们做……吧。”该句型后常加附加问句“shall we?”，使语气更加委婉。
(4)主语+had better (not) do sth.．
该句型用于表示对下级、晚辈的劝告，往往带有命令、强制的语气，意为“某人最好（不要）做某事”。
(5) Why don't you/we do sth.？表示向对方提出一种建议或询问某种原因，暗含有责备对方的意思，意为“为什么不……？”。
(6) What/How about (doing) sth.?
如果是在讨论式的谈话中，可用该句型提出一个建议或引出一个新话题。
(7) You should (not) do...,
此句型意为“你（不）应该做……”。should的语气比had better要委婉。
Exercise
( ) 1. Jim, _____ me a hand.
A. gives B. is giving C. will give D. give
( ) 2. ____ careful, Jenny! There is a tree in front of you.
A. Am B. / C. Be D. Was
( ) 3. Please ___ do it.
A. he B. let him C. let he D. him
( ) 4. _____ let anyone open the door.
A. Don't B. Will C. Not D. No
( ) 5. —Don’t be late again.
—Sorry, ______.
A. I may B. I must C. I will D. I won’t
( ) 6. —Call me when you get home.
—OK, ____.
A. I must B. I can C. I will D. I may
( ) 7. Don’t tell him the fact now, _____?
A. shall we B. shall you C. will you D. do you
( ) 8. Let’s finish the work all by ourselves, ____?
A. shall we B. will you C. do you D. do we
( ) 9. Please turn on the light, _____?
A. are you B. shall we C. shall I D. will you
( ) 10.You had better _______ a course in DIY. 
A. to take   B. taking  C. to taking D. take
四．语篇复习
(A)Reading
Suzy’s cousin Andrew is crazy about DIY. He loves to repair things and decorate his house. But when he finishes, the house always looks t______!
He once tried to put in a brighter light in his bedroom, but he made a m_____. Then his whole house had a power c_____. Another time, he wanted to put up a picture on his bedroom wall, but he h____ a pipe and filled the room with water.
Last month, he thought the living room in his house was boring, so he p_____ it blue. His mum said, “Stop it.” But he kon painting. Now the loving room not only has blue walls but also a blue ceiling and f_____. Even his cat is blue now!
When I wanted a shelf above my bed, he said, “No p______!” He then spent five hours putting up the shelf on the wall. Then I put my books on the shelf. Whoops! They couldn ’t s_____ there because one end of the shelf was much h______ than the other! 
Yet Andrew says he already knows everything about DIY.
(B)书面表达
以My first DIY job 为题，用英语写一篇短文,词数100个左右。
内容必须包括以下要点，但不要逐条翻译，可以适当发挥。
要点；1.赶在妈妈生日到来之前，我决定自己为她做一个生日
音乐盒。我在艾米的家做的因为我想对此加以保密。
2.花了一周时间才完成，在制作期间曾出错。
Amy帮助我制作音乐盒。 我们很高兴在一起合作。
3.最后，我将一朵真玫瑰贴在音乐盒盖子上。
打开盒子后，妈妈就能听到生日歌。
4.这就是我的第一件DIY 制品，希望妈妈喜欢它，
妈妈高兴，我更高兴。
Sample writing
My first DIY job
My mother’s birthday is ing, so I decided to make her a birthday music box by myself. I went to Amy’s home to make it because I wanted to keep it secret.
Amy helped me make the music box. We had fun working together. It took me a week to finish. Lots of things went wrong during that time.
Finally, I stuck a real rose on the cover of the music box. After my mother opened it, she would hear the birthday song.
This is my first DIY job I made for Mum. I hope she will like it .Mum is happy, and I will be happier.

五．四会内容
(A)短语
1. 代表；象征 stand for
2. 阅读说明 read the instructions
3. 装饰他的家 decorate his house
4. 听起来可爱 sound lovely
5. 一把剪刀 a pair of scissors
6. 安装一盏更明亮的灯 put in a brighter light
7. 他的整个房子 his whole house
8. 还有一次 another time
9. 在墙上挂幅画 put up a picture on the wall
10. 击中水管 hit a pipe
11. 想在床上方搁个架子 want a shelf above the bed
12. 把书放架子上 put the books on the shelf
13. 为某人买某物 buy sb. sth=buy sth for sb.
14. 建议我好好休息 advise me to have a good rest
15. 使他生气 make him angry
16. 安装电灯失败 fail to put in a light
17. 碰触未干的颜料/油漆 touch the wet paint
18. 用…造句 make a sentence with …
19. 戒烟 give up smoking
20. 记事情记得更好 remember things better
21. 懂一点有关DIY的事 know a little about DIY
22. 如此多的书 so many books
23. 如此多的食物 so much food
24. 加入DIY俱乐部 join a DIY club
25. 做DIY工作 do a DIY job
26. 做水果沙拉的提示 tips for making a fruit salad
27. 在卡片的另一面 on the other side of the card
28．如此多的书 so many books
29．上学迟到 be late for school
30．做一份水果沙拉 make a fruit salad
31. 时令水果 fruit in season
32. 不同颜色的水果 fruit of different colours
33. 把它们混合起来 mix them together
34 例如 for example / such as
35. 把它置于空气中一段时间 leave it in the air for some time
36. 做室外运动 do outdoor sports
37. 停止踢足球 stop playing football
38. 挑选一块面包 pick a piece of bread
39. 一项完成的工作 a finished job
40. 遍及整个地板，一地的 all over the floor
41. 整理好房间 tidy up the room=tidy the room up
42. 一张画有五颜六色气球的图画 a picture of colourful balloons
43. 决定做某事 decide to do sth
44. 计划做某事 plan to do sth
(B)句子
1. 这儿有清楚的指示。Here are clear instructions.
2. 你最好认真听老师讲。
You’d better listen to the teacher carefully.
3. 你最好上学不要迟到。
You’d better not be late for school.
4. DIY 代表什么？
What does DIY stand for?
5. 我将自己装饰我的房间而不是付钱给人做.
I will decorate my room myself instead of paying someone to do it.
6. 我明天将踢足球而不是呆在家.(2种)
I will play football instead of staying at home.
= I won’t stay at home, instead, I will play football.
7. 当他完成的时候,房子总是看上去很糟糕.
When he finishes, the house always looks terrible.
8. 他用水装满了他的瓶子。
He filled his bottle with water.
9. 不仅我，而且我的妹妹都痴迷于看电视。
Not only I but also my sister is crazy about watching TV.
10. 请为我修理这个书架。 Please fix the shelf for me.
11 请不要把猫涂成蓝色。Don’t paint the cat blue.
12. 你应该耐心点。You should be patient.
13. 你不应该把这么多书放在架子上。
You should not put so many books on the shelf.
14. 确保你的水果沙拉.看上去和尝起来一样好。
Make sure your fruit salad looks as good as it tastes.
15. 我决定独自为我的母亲做一张生日卡。
I decided to make my mother a birthday card by myself.
16、我计划用一些玫瑰做这张卡片。
I planned to make the card with some roses.
17、我们一起工作很有乐趣。
We had fun working together.
18、我不断地把单词拼错。
I kept spelling the words wrong .
19、这是我给母亲做的第一张卡片。
This is the first card I made for Mum.
20、 我希望她将会喜欢这张卡片。
I hope she will like this card.