外研版七年级下时态复习.doc

外研版七年级时态复习
一般现在时
1. 一般现在时的定义
　　一般现在时表示经常的、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。
2. 和一般现在时连用的时间状语
一般现在时常与以下时间状语联用： 
always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom,every week (day, year, month…), 
once a week, on Sundays, twice…　　
3. 一般现在时的构成
(1)be型：由be动词(am，is或are)+名词、形容词、副词、代词、数词或介词短语等一起构成谓语，表示主语的个性、特征或状态。　　
a.肯定句 Eg. I am a student.我是一名学生。
b.否定句，在be后面加not。Eg. She isn't a teacher.她不是教师。
c.一般疑问句，将be放在句首。Eg. --Are you ready? --Yes, I am./No, I'm not.
　　(2)情态动词型 ：  
a.肯定句中情态动词后跟动词原形。 Eg.He can play the piano.
b.否定句，在情态动词后面加not。Eg. He can’t play the piano.
c.一般疑问句，将情态动词放在句首。
Eg. --Can you play the piano?
--Yes, I can./No, I can’t.
  (3)实义动词型：句中的谓语动词为实义动词(也叫行为动词)
a. 当主语不是第三人称单数时(包括you/I在内的所有复数)
肯定句：They have lessons in the morning.
否定句(在动词前加don’t)：They don’t have lessons in the morning.
一般疑问句(在句首加Do)：
--Do they have lessons in the morning?
--Yes, they do./No, they don’t.
b. 当主语是第三人称单数时（除了you/I之外的所有单数）
肯定句（动词需加-s或-es）：He likes vegetables.
否定句（在动词前加doesn’t，并将动词还原成原形：He doesn't like vegetables.
一般疑问句（在句首加Does，并将动词还原成原形）：　　
--Does he like vegetables? --Yes, he does.(--No, he doesn't.)
4. 注意 一般现在时可表示客观真理，客观存在，科学事实，必须用一般现在时。　Eg. The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。
Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国的东部。
现在进行时
1. 现在进行时的定义:现在进行时表示现在正在发生的动作或存在的状态。
2. 和现在进行时连用的时间状语： now, at the moment, at the present, It’s ... o’clock, Listen! Look!等。
Eg. Look! The dog is running after the car.
3. 现在进行时的构成:
肯定句：主语+be (am is are) +现在分词/V-ing+..
Eg. We are having an English class now.
否定句：在be后加not
Eg. We are not having an English class now.
一般疑问句：把be提至句首
Eg.--Are you having an English class now?
--Yes, we are. / No, we aren’t.
4. 注意：
a. 某些表示位置移动的动词，如 e、go、leave、fly、arrive 可用现在进行时表示即将发生或计划要做的事。 
Eg. Be careful! The bus is ing. 小心！公共汽车来了。
　 Where are you going? 你打算去哪里？ 
　 My aunt is leaving for Shanghai at eleven o'clock tomorrow morning.
b. 并不是所有的动作都可以用现在进行时，有一些表示状态、结果、感觉和感情的动词，如have(有)，be(是)，like(喜欢)，know(知道)，want(想要)，think(认为)，see(看见)，hear(听见)，forget(忘记)等，一般不用现在进行时。

一般将来时
1. 一般将来时的定义: 一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态，或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态。
2. 和一般将来时连用的时间状语：this afternoon/evening, tomorrow, tomorrow morning /afternoon/evening, the day after tomorrow,  
next week/month/year, soon, in the future, in+时间段
3. 一般将来时的构成:
a. be going to: 表示打算做某事、计划做某事或有意做某事
肯定句 主语+be（am is are）going to +动词原形+...
Eg. He is going to have a picnic.
否定句（在be后加not） Eg. He is not going to have a picnic.
一般疑问句（将be提至句首）
Eg. --Is he going to have a picnic? --Yes, he is./No, he isn’t.
b. will：描述未来的事情或表达对将来的预测
肯定句：主语+ will +动词原形+... Eg. She will do dull jobs.
否定句（在will后加not即will not / won’t）：
Eg. She will not (won’t) do dull jobs.
一般疑问句（将will提至句首）：
Eg. --Will she do dull jobs? -- Yes, she will./No, she won’t.
4. 注意：
如果用be going to表示计划到某地去，由于谓语动词go与going重复，一般可以只说“be going to + 地点”
Eg. We are going to Hong Kong for a holiday.
They are going to China for a visit.
一般过去时
1. 一般过去时的定义: 一般过去时表示过去某一时候或某一段时间所发生了的事情或存在的状态。
2. 和一般过去时连用的时间状语： yesterday, the day before yesterday,
just now, …ago, last night / week / month/ year, once upon a time,
the other day, in the past, at the age of …
3.一般过去时的构成:
a. 由be动词构成的一般过去时
肯定句 主语+be动词过去式(was / were) + （am、is→was，are→were）
Eg. He was born in 1990.
They were good friends in primary school.
否定句（在was/were后加not） Eg. He wasn’t born in 1990.
They weren’t good friends in primary school.
一般疑问句（将was/were提至句首）
Eg. --Was he born in 1990? --Yes, he was./No, he wasn’t.
--Were they good friends in primary school? --Yes, they were./No, they weren’t.
b. 实义动词的一般过去时
肯定句：主语+ 动词的过去式（大致在动词后加-ed）+...
Eg. I decided to go for a walk after dinner.
She moved to London at 24.
They played football after school.
否定句（在动词前加didn’t，并将动词还原成原形）：
Eg. I didn’t decide to go for a walk after dinner.
She didn’t move to London at 24.
They didn’t play football after school.
一般疑问句（在句首加Did，并将动词还原成原形）：
Eg. --Did you decide to go for a walk after dinner? --Yes,I did./No, I didn’t.
-- Did she move to London at 24? -- Yes, she did./No, she didn’t.
-- Did they play football after school? --Yes, they did./No,they didn’t.
4. 注意：
动词过去式的构成分规则变化和不规则变化两种形式，不规则变化通常需要逐个记忆（如e-came，go-went，spend-spent），规则变化则遵循以下原则：
(1) 一般在动词后加-ed。如：play—played, walk—walked.
(2) 在以字母e结尾的动词后，只加-d。如：like—liked, hate—hated.
(3) 在以“辅音字母y”结尾的动词后，则改y为i，再加—ed。如：
fly—flied, study—studied.
(4) 以“元音字母+一个辅音字母结尾”的重读闭音节动词，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-ed。如：plan—planned, stop—stopped.

专题练习
一、单项选择。
(　)1. Look at these clouds, it _______________.
A. will be raining　B. is going to rain　C. rains　D. is to rain
(　)2. If you don’t mind, I __________ off the TV set.
　　A. will turn　B. am turning　C. would turn　D. had turned
(　)3. His father ______ the Party in 1998 .
　　A.joined B. has joined C. was in D. has been in
(　) 4. Kate is  her green dress now .
A. putting on    B. puts on      C. wear    D. wearing
(　) 5. He ________ in four days.
A. ing back B. came back C. will e back D. is going to ing back
(　) 6. –When____he____back? –Sorry, I don’t know.
A. does,e B.are ing C.is e D.is ing
(　) 7. He ______for eight hours every day. 
A. working  B. to work  C. works  D. worked 
(　) 8. There __________ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.
　A. will be going to　B. will going to be　C. is going to be　D. will go to be
(　) 9.  The  twins in Dalian  last year． They here now.
A. are; were    B. were; are   C. was; are        D. were; was
(　) 10. When _____ you e here? We  __________ here last week. 
A.do;e    B.do;came   C.did;came   D.did;e
二、将括号里的词的相应形式进行填空。
1. We often___________(play) on the playground.
2.  The sun ______(rise) in the east and (set) in the west.
3.  What         (do) he usually        (do) after school?
4. I ______（be）tired. I （go）to bed early tonight.
5. It is very cold these days. It ______（snow）soon.
6. I am afraid there ______（be）a meeting this afternoon. I can’t join you.
7.  She _______ （be）happy yesterday.
　 8. Her father _______ (read) a newspaper last night.
　 9. We _________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ to the park. (go)
　 10. Listen! They___________ (sing) a song.
三、完成句子。
1. She lives in a small town near New York. （改为一般疑问句）

2. Su Yang usually washes some clothes on Saturday.（划线提问

3. Lucy washed her clothes yesterday.(改为否定句)

4. The children went back home after spending a few hours at camps.(对划线部分提问) 
__________ __________ the children go back? 
5.They are sleeping at the moment.(就划线部分提问)
they at the moment ?
6. He is going to see his grandpa tomorrow. (就划线部分提问)

7. 我们打算去香港度假。（翻译）

8. —你爸爸要去钓鱼吗？—不，他要去游泳。（翻译）