初中英语高频语法易错点.docx

名词部分【考点1】单复数特殊变化 man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, toothteeth, goose-geese, child-children单复数同形people, sheep, deer，Chinese, Japanese(注意：Americans，Germans)【考点2】复合词组：women（变） bus lines（只变最后一词）动词部分【考点1】时态1）从句与主句时态一致He said he had been there for an hour.He said the sun is bigger than the moon. (自然规律自然现象用一般现在时态)He said the moon is running around the earth.(错误，应改为一般现在时态)2）时态变异（必考）：A瞬间动词的-ing形式表将来The plane is taking off in an hour.The old man is dying.（将要死了）B条件状语从句：一般现在时表将来I dont know if he will come tomorrow. If he comes, I will call you.I will ring you as soon as I finish my work.I wont go out until my homework is done.【考点2】主谓一致：谓语动词跟着主语发生变化1）第三人称单数现象（集体名词做主语）Our class are playing football now (与人有关的动作）Our class is a small one (整体)2）就近一致原则：There be 句型Either orNeither.nor.，not only.but also.Not only they but also I am wrong.【考点3】非谓语to do动作未做，准备做 doing动作正在做或已做-ed形式后一动作被动发生特例：* 使、让（make，let， have）主动不带to，被动带tomake sb. do /make sb not do/be made to dolet sb. do【出处：】* The teacher asked the students to stop talking and to listen to her.原创作品* I have my car repaired.（我请人修理了我的车。车被人修）I have repaired my car. (我修理了我的车。现在完成时态)I have him repair my car.（我让他修我的车。Have sb do sth）【考点4】介词to后接ing形式的短语prefer doing to doingprefer to doprefer to do rather than dolike . better than.preferbe used to doing (习惯于.）used to do （过去通常） be used to do （被用来做.）look forward to doing 盼望 I dont have lunch at home. Neither do you.（前后主语不一样，Neither do you主谓倒装）I have been here an hour. So have you.（前后主语不一样，Neither do you主谓倒装）A I bought a new book ,Tom. B So you did.(I和you 指同一个人，主谓不倒装)【考点5】后接形容词的动词be 动词感官动词：look taste smell feel sound使和让： make let 变与不变： get go change turn keep remainHe looks tired.The food tastes nice so it sells well.【考点6】其他重要短语人花费:spend. (in) doing sthspend on sthpay. for.物花费:It takes. to docost价值四“说”:speak in English,say it in English, say a wordtell a story,talk about sth., talk with sb., talk to sb.主谓一致问题主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。例1. I together with my classmates _ going to climb Mount Tai tomorrow.A. is B. am C. are D. were解析：together with 连接并列主语时，谓语动词应与前面的主语I保持一致。因此，正确答案是B。常用的这类连词还有with, except, but, besides, as well as, along with, including, rather than 等。连词的误用连词的误用主要是因为受到了母语的干扰，汉语句法结构中常用因为所以虽然但是等一类连词短语，而在英语中却不存在连词并用现象。例2. _ we felt tired, _ we were happy.A. Though; but B. If ; but C. Though; /解析：句意：虽然我们感觉很疲劳，但是我们很高兴。在英语里though 与but 不能同时使用。因此，正确答案是C。此外，在书面表达中，同学们也要注意 because和so; although/though/even though 和but 不要同时出现在一个句子里。词性误用词性的误用即词性混淆，不能恰当运用不同词性。例3. Im not sure. The young lady over there _ our new English teacher.A. may B. maybe C. may be D. is解析：maybe和may be 的中文意思都是也许，但maybe是副词，may be 是情态动词+动词原形的形式，这个句子缺少的是谓语动词，因此正确答案为C。但是很多同学由于混淆了maybe和may be 的词性，误选了B。文化背景差异产生的错误由于我国与英语国家存在文化差异，在思维方式、理解方式等方面都存在差别，因而在学习英语时把本族文化套用到英语中，就很容易产生语言错误。这些错误主要出现在情景交际和补全对话等题目中。例4. -Maggie,I really love your handwriting.- _.A. I practice every day. B. Thank you very much.C. No,I dont think so. D. Well, its not good enough.解析：中国学生在做此题时容易受到本国思维方式的干扰，即在受到他人赞扬时应表现出谦虚，所以很容易误选为C或D。而正确的英语表达法应该是对别人的夸奖表示感谢，因此正确答案应为B。语序问题同学们汉语的思维模式根深蒂固，很多英语的表达大多来自汉语的翻译，而汉语的语序与英语的语序有很多不同，常见的英语语序错误，主要表现在书面表达的遣词造句中。例5. 我也能唱英语歌曲。误：I also can sing English songs.正：I can also sing English songs.解析：这是典型的副词位置错误，如果按照汉语意思（我也能唱英语歌曲）的顺序翻译，also 就放到了can之前，而在英语里also作为副词其位置应在情态动词can之后；实义动词sing之前。审题失误审题失误也会对考试造成很大的影响，考试的时候应该慢审题，快答题。例6. China is larger than_ in Africa.A. any countries B. any countryC. any other country D. all the countries解析：大家经常会练习比较级的题，受到惯性思维的影响很容易将此题误选为C。若是仔细审题，不难发现是中国和非洲的国家相比，由于中国不是非洲国家，自然不用other将自己排除，只用any country 即可。因此，正确答案是B。英语基础知识掌握不全英语基础知识主要包括单词、短语、语法等知识。历年中考试卷中完成句子和书面表达单词拼写错误占了一定的比例,说明学生英语词汇的记忆准确熟练程度不够。从记忆单词到笔头运用还需要一个过程,这个过程是一个吸收理解记忆反复运用的慢工夫。常易拼错的单词有：true(误：ture);believe(误：belive) proud（误：pround); through,thought 和though 三个词的混用等。其次，对于重点句型、时态、语态等重点语言现象要反复操练.