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1、 Germany’s energy efficiency policy Berlin, November 23rd, 2015 David Lerch / Division IIB1 – General issues of energy efficiency 德国节能政策 柏林，2015年11月23日 David Lerch / IIB1分部 ——节能问题概述 Structure § Status report: ene
2、rgy demand, development of energy productivity, targets & main measures § National Action Plan on Energy Efficiency (NAPE) 4 结构 § 现状报告：能源需求，制定能源生产效率、节能目标及主要措施 § 国家节能行动计划（NAPE） Domestic Production Imports 5 Energy consumption in Germany 2014 So
3、urce: AGEB, 2015 Total Domestic Energy Primary Energy Consumption Export and Storage Non-energy consumption Conversion losses Consumption in energy sector Final Energy Consumption Households Industry Transport Commerce,
4、 Trade, Services 6 2014年德国能源消费 一次能源消费 资料来源：AGEB，2015年 国内 生产 进口 国内能源总量 出口及储备 非能源消费 转换损耗 终端能源消费 能源部门消费 住宅部门 工业部门 运输部门 商业、贸易、服务部门 Efficiency targets and energy productivity in Germany 14
5、 Index 1990=100 350 National targets: +2.1% final energy productivity p.a. 2020/2050: 20/50% reduction vs. 2008 2050: 80-95% reduction vs. 1990 Status 2014 153.7* 145.0 88.9 75.2** 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 final energy productivity final energy p
6、roductivity target GDP primary energy demand primary energy demand target Source: Ecofys 2015 GHG emissions GHG emissions target * Status 2013 ** Status 2012 Efficiency measures allow clean growth by decoupling economic growth from energy consumption. 德国节能目标和能源生产效率
7、 指数 1990=100 350 国家目标： 终端能源生产效率每年提高2.1% 2020年/2050年：较2008年减少20/50% 2050年：较1990年减少80-95% 2014年情况 153.7* 145.0 88.9 75.2** 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 终端能源生产效率 final energy productivity final energy productivity target GDP primary e
8、nergy demand primary energy demand target GHG emissions GHG emissions target 终端能源生产效率目标 GDP 一次能源需求 一次能源需求目标 温室气体排放 资料来源：Ecofys 2015 温室气体排放目标 * 2013年情况 ** 2012年情况 节能措施有效摆脱经济增长对能源消费的依赖，真正实现绿色增长。 Source: Ecofys 2015 Main federal-level energy ef
9、ficiency measures Buildings • Energy consulting • KfW progammes for construction and renovation • MAP (Market Incentive Programme) • Energy saving legislation Products and appliances • Energy consulting (Energy Efficiency Campaign) • NTRI: National Top Runner Initiative • Energy Efficie
10、ncy Labelling Ordinance • Ecodesign Directive (eff. classification) Industry and business • Energy consulting services • KfW credits and loans (Effizienzprogramm, BAFA) • Obligatory energy audits • European emissions trading (ETS) Transport • Labelling (EU Directive Fuel Economy) • Reg
11、ulation of consumption • Motor vehicle taxation • E-mobility strategy • Mobility and fuel strategy Energy efficiency policies find a balance between consultation, information, incentives and regulation. 资料来源：Ecofys 2015 联邦层面主要节能措施 建筑 • 能源咨询 • 德国复兴信贷银行建设改造项目 • MAP（市场激励计划） • 节能立法
12、 产品与家电 • 能源咨询（节能活动） • NTRI：国家领跑者计划 • 《节能标签条例》 • 《生态设计指令》（效率分级） 工业与商业 • 能源咨询服务 • 德国复兴信贷银行信贷和贷款 （Effizienzprogramm, BAFA） • 强制性能源审计 • 欧盟排放交易体系（ETS） 交通运输 • 标签（欧盟燃油经济性标签指令） • 消费监管 • 机动车辆征税 • 电动交通战略 • 交通和燃油战略 节能政策在咨询、信息、激励与监管之间取得平衡。 Source: Fraunhofer IBP, BMWi 2014 Learn
13、ing curves in energy efficient buildings Solar houses Low-energy houses 3 litre house Zero-energy buildings Plus energy house State of the art Research Pilot phase Current building practice Minimum requirements (WSVO/EnEV) Building efficiency regulation follows
14、the technical learning curve to stay ambitious. 资料来源：Fraunhofer IBP, BMWi 2014 节能建筑学习曲线 太阳能住宅 低能耗住宅 “3升”住宅 零能耗建筑 能源盈余住宅 尖端研究试验阶段 当前建筑实践 最低要求 （WSVO/节能条例） 建筑节能规定遵循技术学习曲线，以确保实现宏远目标。 Primary Energy Demand reduced by 9% since 2008. Additional measures nee
15、ded to achieve 20% reduction until 2020. Source: AGEB, 2015 自2008年以来，一次能源需求减少9%。 需采取进一步措施，以确保2020年前实现一次能源需求减少20%的目标。 资料来源：AGEB，2015年 National Action Plan on Energy Efficiency (NAPE) 国家节能
16、行动计划（NAPE） Key pillars of the National Action Plan on Energy Efficiency 26 Stepping up energy efficiency in buildings Energy efficiency as a return and business model Individual responsibility for energy efficiency All the measures under th
17、e NAPE adhere to a common principle: supply information - provide support - demand action. 国家节能行动计划核心支柱 加紧落实建筑节能 节能作为一种回报 和商业模式 节能降耗人人有责 国家节能行动计划下所有措施均遵循一个共同原则： 信息公开 – 提供支持 – 付诸行动。 NAPE: Additional energy efficiency measures in Germany Quality assurance and optimising energy co
18、nsulting 4 10 51.5 12.5 10 10 29.5 85 Savings in PJ 74.5 50.5 Incentives for energy-efficient renovations (total savings not clear) Upgrading, continuation and increased funding of the CO2 building renovation programme Promoting “energy performance contracting“ Source: Ecofys 20
19、15 based on BMWi 2014 National energy-efficiency label for old heating installations Upgrading the KfW energy efficiency programmes Energy efficiency networks initiative Obligation to perform energy audits for non-SMEs National top runner initiative Introduction of a competitive tendering s
20、cheme for energy efficiency Additional immediate measures These measures shall lead to additional energy savings of 350-380 PJ by 2020. Quality assurance and optimising energy consulting Incentives for energy-efficient renovations (total savings not clear) Upgrading, continuation and in
21、creased funding of the CO2 building renovation programme Promoting “energy performance contracting“ National energy-efficiency label for old heating installations Upgrading the KfW energy efficiency programmes Energy efficiency networks initiative Obligation to perform energy audits for n
22、on-SMEs National top runner initiative Introduction of a competitive tendering scheme for energy efficiency Additional immediate measures 资料来源：Ecofys 2015 based on BMWi 2014 国家节能行动计划：德国其他节能措施 4 10 51.5 12.5 10 10 节能效果 （拍焦耳） 29.5 85 74.5 50.5 质量保证和能源咨询优化 节能改造激励措施（节能总量尚未明确） 升级、继
23、续推进并加大力度资助建筑节能改造项目推广“合同能源管理” 国家既有供暖设施节能标签 德国复兴信贷银行节能项目升级节能联盟倡议 针对非中小企业实施强制性能源审计国家领跑者计划 实行节能项目竞争性招标机制 其他即时措施 通过上述措施，到2020年可额外节省能源350-380拍焦耳 。 Stepping up energy efficiency in buildings, i.a. • Continuation and upgrading (+200 million € p.a.) of CO2 Building Modernisation Programme
24、 (extension to commercial buildings) • Quality assurance and optimizing of energy consultation (e.g. on- site consultations with renovation roadmaps for phased renovations) • Introduction of “heating checks” (using voluntary local heating checks whereby specialists [e.g. craftworkers or chimne
25、y sweeps] pinpoint weak points of existing heating systems) 加紧落实建筑节能 • 继续推进并加大投资（每年增加2亿欧元拨款）建筑节能现代化改造项目（扩展至商业建筑） • 质量保证和能源咨询优化（例如：为分阶段改造项目提供改造路线图现场咨询） • 推行“供暖检查”（通过自愿的局部供暖检查，让专家[例如技术人员或烟 囱清扫工]准确定位现有供暖系统的薄弱环节 Competitive tendering scheme for energy efficiency • Measures with
26、the most economic cost-benefit ratio will be awarded • Initial focus on electricity; first tendering procedure in 2016 • Measures on company/institution level as well as bundled projects • Open auctions (technology neutral) plus closed auctions for specific technologies The tendering
27、 scheme will motivate ESCOs, municipal utilities, energy cooperatives, manufacturers and others to identify economic ways to save energy. 节能项目竞争性招标机制 • 最经济、最具成本效益的措施将获授标 • 初期主要在电力行业推行；首次招标程序将于2016年启动 • 企业/机构层面以及捆绑项目的措施 • 公开拍卖（技术中立）与特定技术闭门拍卖相结合 招标机制将促使能源服务公司、市政公用事业机构、能
28、源合作社、制造商 等探索经济有效的节能方法。 Energy performance contracting • Public guarantees for energy performance contracting projects (targeting default-risks) • Assistance to municipalities and public entities on local level in making use of energy performance contracting as a means to achieve long-
29、term energy expenditure reductions NAPE aims at promoting the development of business models for energy savings. 合同能源管理 • 合同能源管理项目公共担保（针对违约风险） • 协助地方政府和公共机构利用合同能源管理，作为减少能源开支的长效方法 国家节能行动计划旨在促进节能商业模式的开发。 Energy efficiency networks • Regional
30、 best-practice exchange among 8-15 company practitioners in one network • Networks aim on improving capacity within companies to plan and execute profitable investments in energy efficiency • Pilot project with 30 networks (doubling of efficiency improvement compared to industry average) • Goal
31、of agreement between Federal Government and 20 industry and business associations: 500 networks until 2020 EE networks are a suitable instrument for advancing a culture of energy efficiency in industry, commerce and trade. 28 节能联盟 • 8-15家企业组建一个联盟，相互交流区域最佳实践 • 联盟旨在提升企业规划、实施经济可行的节能投资项目的能力
32、 • 先组建30个联盟作为试点（与行业平均水平相比，能效提升一倍） • 联邦政府与20家工商业协会达成的协议目标：到2020年组建500个联 盟 节能联盟是在工业、商业和贸易领域推广节能文化的合适工具。 Procedure of energy efficiency networks Motivation of companies Energy- Audit and initial consultation Individual company target plus network target
33、 Workshops on key topics Common site- inspections Monitoring of progess 30 节能联盟组建流程 动员企业 能源审计和初步咨询 单个企业目标加联盟目标 重点议题研讨会 联合现场检查 进展监控 Thank you for your attention! 感谢您的关注！
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