IEEE Std C57.12.80-2002 电力分配变压器术语.pdf

IEEE Std C57.12.80-2002 (Revision of IEEE Std C57.12.80-1978) IEEE Standards C57.12.80 TM IEEE Standard Terminology for Power and Distribution Transformers Published by The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USA 13 November 2002 IEEE Power Engineering Society Sponsored by the Transformers Committee IEEE Standards Print: SH94994 PDF: SS94994 The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USA “National Electrical Code” and “NEC” are registered trademarks belonging to the National Fire Protection Agency. Copyright 2002 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. All rights reserved. Published 13 November 2002. Printed in the United States of America. Print: ISBN 0-7381-3283-7SH94994 PDF: ISBN 0-7381-3284-5 SS94994 No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. IEEE Std C57.12.80 -2002 (Revision of IEEE Std C57.12.80-1978) IEEE Standard Terminology for Power and Distribution Transformers Sponsor Transformers Committee of the IEEE Power Engineering Society Approved 13 May 2002 IEEE-SA Standards Board Abstract: This standard is a compilation of terminology and definitions primarily related to electrical transformers and associated apparatus included within the scope of C57, Transformers, Regula- tors, and Reactors standards. It also includes similar data relating to power systems and insulation, which is commonly involved in transformer technology. Keywords: definitions, distribution transformers, insulation, power systems, power transformers, terminology IEEE Standards documents are developed within the IEEE Societies and the Standards Coordinating Committees of the IEEE Standards Association (IEEE-SA) Standards Board. The IEEE develops its standards through a consensus development process, approved by the American National Standards Institute, which brings together volunteers representing varied viewpoints and interests to achieve the fi nal product. Volunteers are not necessarily members of the Institute and serve without compensation. While the IEEE administers the process and establishes rules to promote fairness in the consensus development process, the IEEE does not independently evaluate, test, or verify the accuracy of any of the information contained in its standards. Use of an IEEE Standard is wholly voluntary. The IEEE disclaims liability for any personal injury, property or other dam- age, of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential, or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, or reliance upon this, or any other IEEE Standard document. The IEEE does not warrant or represent the accuracy or content of the material contained herein, and expressly disclaims any express or implied warranty, including any implied warranty of merchantability or fi tness for a specifi c purpose, or that the use of the material contained herein is free from patent infringement. IEEE Standards documents are supplied “ AS IS .” The existence of an IEEE Standard does not imply that there are no other ways to produce, test, measure, purchase, market, or provide other goods and services related to the scope of the IEEE Standard. Furthermore, the viewpoint expressed at the time a standard is approved and issued is subject to change brought about through developments in the state of the art and comments received from users of the standard. Every IEEE Standard is subjected to review at least every fi ve years for revi- sion or reaffi rmation. When a document is more than fi ve years old and has not been reaffi rmed, it is reasonable to conclude that its contents, although still of some value, do not wholly refl ect the present state of the art. Users are cautioned to check to determine that they have the latest edition of any IEEE Standard. In publishing and making this document available, the IEEE is not suggesting or rendering professional or other services for, or on behalf of, any person or entity. Nor is the IEEE undertaking to perform any duty owed by any other person or entity to another. Any person utilizing this, and any other IEEE Standards document, should rely upon the advice of a com- petent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances. Interpretations: Occasionally questions may arise regarding the meaning of portions of standards as they relate to specifi c applications. When the need for interpretations is brought to the attention of IEEE, the Institute will initiate action to prepare appropriate responses. Since IEEE Standards represent a consensus of concerned interests, it is important to ensure that any interpretation has also received the concurrence of a balance of interests. For this reason, IEEE and the members of its soci- eties and Standards Coordinating Committees are not able to provide an instant response to interpretation requests except in those cases where the matter has previously received formal consideration. Comments for revision of IEEE Standards are welcome from any interested party, regardless of membership affi liation with IEEE. Suggestions for changes in documents should be in the form of a proposed change of text, together with appropriate supporting comments. Comments on standards and requests for interpretations should be addressed to: Secretary, IEEE-SA Standards Board 445 Hoes Lane P.O. Box 1331 Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331 USA Authorization to photocopy portions of any individual standard for internal or personal use is granted by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., provided that the appropriate fee is paid to Copyright Clearance Center. To arrange for payment of licensing fee, please contact Copyright Clearance Center, Customer Service, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923 USA; [phone]. Permission to photocopy portions of any individual standard for educational classroom use can also be obtained through the Copyright Clearance Center. Note: Attention is called to the possibility that implementation of this standard may require use of subject mat- ter covered by patent rights. By publication of this standard, no position is taken with respect to the existence or validity of any patent rights in connection therewith. The IEEE shall not be responsible for identifying patents for which a license may be required by an IEEE standard or for conducting inquiries into the legal validity or scope of those patents that are brought to its attention. Copyright 2002 IEEE. All rights reserved. iii Introduction (This introduction is not part of IEEE Std C57.12.80-2002, IEEE Standard Terminology for Power and Distribution Transformers.) This revision of ANSI/IEEE C57.12.80 incorporates a substantial number of changes since the last major revision in 1978. In addition to providing many new terms, some of the more signifi cant changes include: a) The terms and their defi nitions are now listed in alphabetical order. b)Cross-references are made to certain terms that appear in the International Electrotechnical Com- mission Multilingual Dictionary of Electricity, Electronics and Telecommunications. These terms can be identifi ed when “(IEC)” follows the term. c)Numerous cross-references have been added to related terms in the standard. These appear follow- ing the defi nition and are denoted by See also, Syn, See, and Contrast. d)Obsolete cooling class designations (OA, OA/FA, etc.) have been so designated and the correspond- ing new terms (ONAN, ONAN/ONAF, etc.) have been added. e) More precise defi nitions have replaced some previous defi nitions and miscellaneous corrections have been made. Participants At the time this standard was completed, the working group on Standard Terminology for Power and Distri- bution Transformers had the following membership: Thomas P. Traub, Chair Saurabh GhoshThomas Prevost iv Copyright 2002 IEEE. All rights reserved. The following members of the balloting committee voted on this standard. Balloters may have voted for approval, disapproval, or abstention. Dennis J. Allan George Allen Raymond Allustiarti Glenn W. Andersen Jim Antweiler Jim C. Arnold Jacques Aubin Roy A. Bancroft Ronald L. Barker Mike Barnes William H. Bartley Edward A. Bertolini Wallace B. Binder William E. Boettger Joe V. Bonucchi John D. Borst Donald Chu Jerry L. Corkran Dan W. Crofts Dieter Dohnal Richard F. Dudley John A. Ebert Fred E. Elliott Joseph F. Foldi Bruce I. Forsyth Ron Fox Michael A. Franchek Dudley L. Galloway Ali A. Ghafourian Saurabh Ghosh Harry D. Gianakouros Donald A. Gillies Ramsis S. Girgis Dave F. Goodwin James L. Goudie Richard D. Graham Robert L. Grubb Robert L. Grunert Michael E. Haas Geoff H. Hall N Wayne Hansen James H. Harlow William R. Henning Keith R. Highton Philip J. Hopkinson James D. Huddleston, III John O. Hunt Virendra Jhonsa Lars-Erik Juhlin Gene Kallaur Vladimir Khalin Egon Koenig Georg Krause Sennewald Barin Kumar John G. Lackey Michael Lau Harold F. Light Larry A. Lowdermilk Donald L. Lowe Joe D. MacDonald William A. Maguire John W. Matthews Jack W. McGill Charles Patrick McShane Joseph P. Melanson R. E. Minkwitz, Sr. Jack Moffat Harold R. Moore Gene Morehart Daniel H. Mulkey Charles R. Murray R. J. Musil William H. Mutschler, Jr. Larry Nunnery Paul E. Orehek Dennis Orten Bipin K. Patel Dhiru S. Patel Wesley F. Patterson Jesse M. Patton Dave Payne Paulette A. Payne Thomas J. Pekarek Dan D. Perco Mark D. Perkins Linden W. Pierce R. Leon Plaster Jeewan L. Puri Pierre Riffon Peter G. Risse Mark Rivers Arlise L. Robinson, Jr. John R. Rossetti Mahesh P. Sampat Vallamkonda Sankar Leo J. Savio Rick Sawyer Wes W. Schwartz Pat Scully Dilipkumar Shah Devki Sharma Hyeong Jin Sim Tarkeshwar Singh Jerry W. Smith James E. Smith Stephen D. Smith Leonard R. Smith Steven L. Snyder Gary Sparagowski Ronald J. Stahara L. R. Stensland John C. Sullivan Ray C. Thomas Robert W. Thompson James A. Thompson Thomas P. Traub Alan R. Traut Edger R. Trummer Subhash C. Tuli Georges H. Vaillancourt Robert A. Veitch Loren B. Wagenaar Ralph D. Wakeam Barry H. Ward Robert Whearty A. L. Wilks William G. Wimmer W. E. Wrenn F. N. Young Copyright 2002 IEEE. All rights reserved. v When the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this standard on 13 May 2002, it had the following membership: James T. Carlo, Chair James H. Gurney, Vice Chair Judith Gorman, Secretary *Member Emeritus Also included is the following nonvoting IEEE-SA Standards Board liaison: Alan Cookson, NIST Representative Satish K. Aggarwal, NRC Representative Noelle D. Humenick IEEE Standards Project Editor Sid Bennett H. Stephen Berger Clyde R. Camp Richard DeBlasio Harold E. Epstein Julian Forster* Howard M. Frazier Toshio Fukuda Arnold M. Greenspan Raymond Hapeman Donald M. Heirman Richard H. Hulett Lowell G. Johnson Joseph L. Koepfi nger* Peter H. Lips Nader Mehravari Daleep C. Mohla Willaim J. Moylan Malcolm V. Thaden Geoffrey O. Thompson Howard L. Wolfman Don Wright vi Copyright 2002 IEEE. All rights reserved. Contents 1.Scope. 1 2.References. 1 3.Definitions. 2 Annex A (informative) Bibliography. 44 Copyright 2002 IEEE. All rights reserved. 1 IEEE Standard Terminology for Power and Distribution Transformers 1. Scope This standard is a compilation of terminology and defi nitions primarily related to electric power and distribution transformers and associated apparatus. It also includes similar data relating to power systems and insulation that is commonly involved in transformer technology. Cross-references are made to certain terms that appear in IEC 50, the international standard for International Electrotechnical Vocabulary. These terms can be identifi ed when “(IEC)” follows the term. 2. References IEC 50, International Electrotechnical Commission, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary. 1 IEEE Std 1 -1986, IEEE Standard General Principles for Temperature Limits in the Rating of Electric Equipment and for the Evaluation of Electrical Insulation. 2,3, 4 IEEE Std 4 1995 , IEEE Standard Techniques for High-Voltage Testing. IEEE C57.12.00 2000 , IEEE Standard General Requirements for Liquid-Immersed Distribution, Power, and Regulating Transformers. IEEE C57.12.01 1998 , IEEE Standard General Requirements for Dry-Type Distribution and Power Transformers Including Those with Solid Cast and/or Resin Encapsulated Windings. IEEE C57.12.90 1999 , Standard Test Code for Liquid-Immersed Distribution, Power, and Regulating Transformers. 1 IEC publications are available from the Sales Department of the International Electrotechnical Commission, Case Postale 131, 3, rue de Varemb, CH-1211, Genve 20, Switzerland/Suisse (http:/www.iec.ch/). IEC publications are also available in the United States from the Sales Department, American National Standards Institute, 11 West 42nd Street, 13th Floor, New York, NY 10036, USA. 2 The IEEE standards or products referred to in Clause 2 are trademarks owned by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Incorporated. 3 IEEE publications are available from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 445 Hoes Lane, P.O. Box 1331, Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331, USA (http:/standards.ieee.org/). 4 IEEE Std 1-1986 has been withdrawn; however, copies can be obtained from Global Engineering, 15 Inverness Way East, Englewood, CO 80112-5704, USA, tel. [phone] ( IEEE Std C57.12.80-2002IEEE STANDARD TERMINOLOGY FOR POWER AND DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS 2 Copyright 2002 IEEE. All rights reserved. IEEE C57.12.91-1995 (Reaff 2001), IEEE Standard Test Code for Dry-Type Distribution and Power Transformers. 3. Defi nitions 3.1 AA: The cooling class for a dry-type self-cooled transformer or reactor that is cooled by the natural circulation of air. Syn: AN (IEC). 3.2 AA/FA: The cooling class for a dry-type transformer that has a self-cooled rating with cooling obtained by the natural circulation of air and a forced-air-cooled rating with cooling obtained by the forced circulation of air. Syn: AN/AF (IEC). 3.3 accessible: Admitting close approach because no