2021高考英语一轮课外精炼题(4)答案-(通用版).docx

2021高考英语一轮课外精炼题（4）答案 （通用版）

Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
　　Amy Pankratz spent a few nights in the hospital with her daughter, Isabella, who caught a bad flu. “Lying in bed beside Isabella, I could hear the cries of children in pain, ”says Amy. “It completely broke my heart. ”
When Isabella was getting well and could leave her room, she wore her prized possession—a“superhero cape(短斗篷)”Amy had sewn to encourage her—and walked into the hallway. The pink cape was an instant hit with the other young patients, who were doing exercise around the nursing station. “Then, all the kids were taking turns wearing the cape, giggling, ”Amy says. “These were some of the same children I had heard crying the night before, and here they were playing and having fun—kids just being kids! ”
From that moment on, Amy began making Comfort Capes for little ones battling with serious illnesses. “I felt God presenting an opportunity, ”she says. “I hoped Comfort Capes can help these kids feel brave, to lift some of the fear away. ”
Since then, Amy has made and donated more than 5, 000 capes in the United States. Amy usually pays for materials herself, although she accepts donations.
The capes she makes for kids in treatment are different from those her own children have. Before Amy starts to sew she learns what image or character the little boy or girl connects with. “I choose the pattern, color and theme specifically for each child, ”explains Amy.
When she is not sewing, Amy is raising awareness of childhood cancers and looking into ways to get Comfort Capes to more kids who need them. “If a cape can help a child, even only for a moment, forget his illness, it’s worth the time spent sewing, ”she says.
【文章大意】本文叙述Amy在女儿生病的时候为女儿缝制了一件短斗篷, 就是这件斗篷为医院里生病的孩子带来了欢快。由此, Amy产生了灵感打算通过为生病的孩子缝制斗篷, 让孩子们临时忘却疾病带来的苦痛。

1. What made Amy feel sad when she was staying with her daughter in the hospital?
A. Her daughter’s serious illness.
B. The tiredness from sewing the cape.
C. The crying of children in pain.
D. The illness of children in her daughter’s room.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。从文章第一段“I could hear the cries of children in pain, ”. . . “It completely broke my heart. ”得知, Amy由于听见孩子们在苦痛中哭泣而感到心碎。故选C。
2. What purpose did Amy have when she began making Comfort Capes for sick children?
A. To make them feel warm.
B. To make them happy and fearless.
C. To find friends for her daughter.
D. To raise the awareness of children’s illness.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。由第三段“I hoped Comfort Capes can help these kids feel brave, to lift some of the fear away. ”可知Amy缝制“劝慰斗篷”是为了让孩子们欢快, 忘掉病痛带来的熬煎, 更英勇地面对疾病。
3. According to the passage, we can get that the author’s attitude towards Amy’s behaviour is　　　.
A. supportive　　　　　B neutral
C. negative D. indifferent
【解析】选A。观点态度题。作者以平铺直叙的方式为我们叙述了一位宏大的母亲的行为, 字里行间流露出对Amy的赞扬之情。supportive赐予支持, 鼓舞的, 符合题意。
4. Which of the following can be the best title of the text?
A. Amy: a Considerate Woman
B. How to Treat the Sick Children
C. A Strong Mom Who Helps Others
D. Turning Sick Kids into Superheroes
【解析】选D。主旨大意题。依据文章的内容可知, 一个母亲为生病的孩子缝制了一件超级英雄的斗篷, 从这次的经受中她获得了挂念更多人的灵感, 她打算挂念更多生病的孩子, 使生病的孩子欢快而英勇, D项正确。

B
　　Now scientists believe that global warming affects hibernating animals, causing them to wake up earlier. While this may seem a little concern, it is in fact a significant environmental problem. The shortened hibernation period could actually lead to significant declines in the population of several species.
Some of the first concrete evidence of the phenomenon came from Colorado, where researchers at the Rocky Mountain Biological lab have been observing marmot(旱獭)hibernation behavior since the 1970s. In the early days of their studies, marmots generally hibernated several weeks into the month of May. Nowadays, however, temperatures in the area have risen by 2. 5 degrees Fahrenheit, and the marmots wake up about a month earlier.
At least the marmots are still hibernating. Several other animals have not been hibernating at all recently. Brown bears in the Spanish Cantabrian Mountains did not hibernate last year. In parts of the United States, chipmunks(花鼠)also skipped the hibernation period. The bears seem to have survived without losing many individuals. The chipmunks, however, were not so lucky. Many of the animals died of starvation during the winter.
The problem with animals waking up early, or skipping hibernation altogether, lies with the creatures’ metabolism(新陈代谢). When the animals hibernate, their metabolism drops significantly The animals’ heart rate slows, and they require very little energy to live. When the animals awake from their winter slumber, their metabolism returns to normal.
But while their metabolism may be as active as it was before hibernation, food sources aren’t as available as they were before. A marmot may wake up when temperatures get warmer, thinking it’s spring, but plants will not have got the amount of sun they need to signal their spring period of growth. So until the plants grow, the marmots have no reliable food source.
Many scientists believe the problem will continue to get worse. In addition to changes in hibernation patterns, some believe that other animals will also begin to change their migration patterns or begin to give birth earlier. For many biologists, that’s a scary prospect. Terry Root, an animal expert at Stanford University, said, “I do think what we will be facing is the extinction of many species. ”
【文章大意】全球变暖带来的连锁反应是多方面的, 其中之一就是导致一些冬眠动物的冬眠期缩短, 这会给这些动物带来巨大的影响。
5. What is the viewpoint of the writer?
A. Global warming will continue to get worse as time goes on.
B. Global warming will lead to shortened hibernation of some animals.
C. Shortened hibernation will result in declines in the population of animals.
D. Some animals will skip hibernation altogether.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。由第一段最终一句话可知答案为C。
6. The writer sets the example of the marmot so as to　　　.
A. explain that global warming influences animals’ hibernation
B. indicate that the weather gets warmer and warmer now
C. show that the weather in the United States is quite different
D. say some animals do not hibernate now due to warm weather
【解析】选A。细节理解题。依据其次段最终一句话可知作者是想借这个例子来说明全球变暖使得动物的冬眠期缩短了。
7. The underlined word“slumber”in the fourth paragraph means“　　　”.
A. weather　　 B. activity　　 C. nest　　 D. sleep
【解析】选D。词义猜想题。联系本句中的awake from可知答案为D项。
8. Why can’t marmots find enough food when they wake up?
A. Because there are too many marmots in the wild now.
B. Because plants haven’t received enough sunlight for spring growth.
C. Because winter days end much earlier than before.
D. Because more and more animal species skip hibernation now.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。由倒数其次段中的but plants will not have got the amount of sun they need to signal their spring period of growth可知答案为B项。
9. Terry Root holds a(n)　　　attitude towards the future of animals.
A. optimistic
B. doubtful
C. pessimistic
D. sensitive
【解析】选C。观点态度题。依据文章最终一句话I do think what we will be facing is the extinction of many species. 可以看出他是持悲观态度。

Ⅱ. 阅读其次节
(2021·南阳模拟)
　　Do you know what a big dream is? 　1　Or, is a big dream something that provides only entertainment? Children dream big dreams, but there are three barriers to realizing dreams. They often kill them before they ever have a chance to grow.
　　The Self
　　Immediately following the birth of a big dream, a negative self-talk takes over and gives all the reasons why it cannot happen. This inside voice is the ego(自我). It’s there for protecting and should be listened to. 　2　Most people are influenced by the inside voice. That’s why only a handful of people make their dreams come true.
　3　
Family and friends are a lot like the ego. They want to protect those they love, so they will often list all the reasons why the big dreams won’t come true. Sometimes, family and friends destroy dreams of those they love most, out of their own fear of being left behind.
The World
If one gets past the first two barriers, one has to face the world. 　4　In the past, big dreamers were locked up and sometimes even killed when they were shown to the world. Fortunately, in most of the world today, big dreamers just get laughed at.
The way to realize a big dream is with confidence and action. When children have confidence and then take action, they will be ready to accept any failure. The truth is that every great dreamer whose dreams have never seen the light of success knows failure well. 　5 
　　A. Family and Friends
　　B. How Big Dreams Die
　　C. Does a big dream show one’s future?
　　D. They simply fail until they succeed.
　　E. Sometimes it is right, but more often it is wrong.
　　F. It is the last and the most terrible barrier.
G. And their big dream is to be a rock star or a famous artist.
【文章大意】每一个人都怀有宏大的幻想, 但是只有少数人才会实现自己的远大抱负。本文主要介绍了造成大多人幻想无法实现的一些内在的和外在的因素。
1. 【解析】选C。上下文规律联系题。依据空格前面的问题和后面的问题, 从形式上看都是问句, 另外主题都是围绕a big dream发问的, 同时结合同一词的规律, 可知选C。
2. 【解析】选E。上下文规律联系题。依据前面的It’s there for protecting and should be listened to. 指自我的疼惜, 而结合上下文, 可知这种自我的疼惜有的时候是正确的, 有的时候是错误的, 因此选E。
3. 【解析】选A。段落标题题。这种形式主要是对于下一个段落的主旨概括。主要从下一段中查找关键核心词等。依据段落中毁灭的Family and friends are a lot like the ego. 可知这一段要争辩家人和伴侣对于一个人幻想的影响, 因此选A。
4. 【解析】选F。上下文规律联系题。依据第一段中提到有三个影响因素, 而这个空格前面的段落已经涉及了两个因素。再依据空格前面的If one gets past the first two barriers, one has to face the world. 可知这里要争辩的是最终一个因素, 因此选F。
5. 【解析】选D。上下文规律联系题。依据同义词的方法, D中的fail与前面一句话中的failure全都, 依据代词指代的方法, D中的they指空格前面提到的every great dreamer, 因此选D。